Abstract: Objective: To explore treatment and optimal surgical time of acute gallstone pancreatitis(AGP). Methods: The methods of AGP treatments required to according to conditions and types of the disease. The conservative treatment could be done firstly,and the operation opportunity should be individualized. The severe pancreatitis patients with acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis should accept surgery earlier to remove obstruction,remove fluid or purulent material. Among 56 cases with AGP,22 cases accepted surgical treatment and 34 cases accepted conservative treatment. Results: The diffrences of hospital stay,complications and death in two groups were not statistically significant(P > 0.05). Two cases after surgical treatment were with liver functional lesion,two cases with rising of blood glucose and one cases with pseudocyst; two cases after consevuative treatment were with wound infection, one with abdominal bacterial infection and one case died from MODS. Conclusions: It is imporfart active and effeitive conser vative treatment and timely surgery of AGP.