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静脉输液是临床上主要的给药途径之一,很多护士只重视穿刺时一针见血,没有重视病人拔针后的按压止血,导致按压不当而出现针眼处皮肤出血、淤斑,甚至皮下血肿等现象,不仅增加了病人的痛苦,造成病人对护理服务工作不满意,也影响护士再次穿刺的成功率,直接影响了护理质量[1-2]。对长期输液的肿瘤病人更加容易出现以上情况。为了解决这个问题,使病人输液拔针后穿刺点按压有效、方便、舒适,提高病人依从性,减少由于拔针后按压不当导致的不良后果,我们设计执笔式静脉穿刺拔针按压器(以下称按压器),应用于长期输液的肿瘤病人拔针后穿刺点按压止血,经临床实践,效果满意。现作报道。
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3组病人疼痛程度差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),A组与B组、C组与B组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)(见表 1)。
分组 n 无痛 轻度疼痛 中度疼痛 重度疼痛 uc P A组 34 18(52.9) 8(23.5) 6(17.6) 2(5.9) B组* 31 30(96.8) 1(3.2) 0(0.0) 0(0.0) 18.68 <0.01 C组# 30 15(50.0) 9(30.0) 5(16.7) 1(3.3) 与A组比较*P < 0.05;与B组比较#P < 0.05 表 1 3组病人疼痛程度比较[n; 百分率(%)]
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3组按压时间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),C组与B组比较差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.05)(见表 2)。
分组 n 2 min 3 min 4 min 5 min uc P A组 34 19(55.9) 9(26.5) 3(8.8) 3(8.8) B组 31 25(80.6) 6(19.4) 0(0.0) 0(0.0) 7.64 <0.05 C组* 30 16(53.3) 7(23.3) 4(13.3) 3(10.0) 与B组比较*P < 0.05 表 2 3组病人按压止血时间比较[n; 百分率(%)]
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3组病人淤斑、皮下血肿发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),且B组发生率明显低于A组(P < 0.05)(见表 3)。
分组 n 淤斑 皮下血肿 A组 34 8(23.5) 6(17.6) B组* 31 1(3.2) 0(0.0) C组 30 6(20.0) 4(13.3) χ2 — 6.15 6.47 P — <0.05 <0.05 与A组比较*P < 0.05 表 3 3组病人发生淤斑、皮下血肿比较[n; 百分率(%)]
自制执笔式静脉穿刺拔针按压器在静脉输液拔针后按压止血中的应用
Application effect of self-made pen-type vein puncture needle pressing tool in pressing and stopping blood after removing the intravenous infusion needle
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摘要:
目的探讨自制执笔式静脉穿刺拔针按压器(按压器)在肿瘤病人静脉输液拔针后按压止血中的应用效果。 方法将95例需静脉输液治疗的肿瘤病人随机分为3组A组34例,B组31例,C组30例。A组采用传统按压方法,拔针后用棉签按压针眼止血;B组采用保留刺点上方的输液贴,拔针后使用按压器按压针眼止血的方法;C组采用拔针后保留穿刺处输液贴用手指按压针眼止血。 结果3组病人疼痛程度差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01),A组与B组、C组与B组差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05);3组按压时间差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01),C组与B组比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);3组病人瘀斑、皮下血肿发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),且B组发生率明显低于A组(P < 0.05)。 结论按压器应用于肿瘤病人静脉输液拔针时按压舒适、疼痛感小,止血效果好,按压时间优于传统手指按压。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo explore the effects of self-made pen-type vein puncture needle pressing tool in pressing and stopping blood in cancer patients after removing the intravenous infusion needle. MethodsNinety-five tumor patients with intravenous infusion were randomly divided into group A(34 cases), group B(31 cases) and group C(30 cases).Group A was treated using conventional compression method(stopping bleeding by pressing the needle eye with a cotton swab after pulling out the needle), group B was treated with infusion paste above the retaining point(stopping bleeding using self-made pen-type vein puncture needle and pressing belt according to device pressure after pulling out the needle), and group C was treated with hand pressing puncture needle site to stop bleeding after pulling out the needle. ResultsThere was statistical significance in the pain degree among the three groups(P < 0.01), and the differences of the pain degree between group A and B, and between group C and B were statistically significant(P < 0.05).There was statistical significance in pressing time among the three groups(P < 0.01), and the difference of the pressing time between group C and B was statistically significant(P < 0.05).The differences of the incidence rates of ecchymosis and subcutaneous hematoma among the three groups were statistically significant(P < 0.05), which in group B was significantly higher than that in group A(P < 0.05). ConclusionsThe self-made pen-type vein puncture needle pressing tool in the application of removing the intravenous infusion needle in cancer patients is comfortable, and has little pain, good stopping bleeding effect and short time. -
Key words:
- intravenous infusion /
- pen-type pressing tool /
- hemostasis
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表 1 3组病人疼痛程度比较[n; 百分率(%)]
分组 n 无痛 轻度疼痛 中度疼痛 重度疼痛 uc P A组 34 18(52.9) 8(23.5) 6(17.6) 2(5.9) B组* 31 30(96.8) 1(3.2) 0(0.0) 0(0.0) 18.68 <0.01 C组# 30 15(50.0) 9(30.0) 5(16.7) 1(3.3) 与A组比较*P < 0.05;与B组比较#P < 0.05 表 2 3组病人按压止血时间比较[n; 百分率(%)]
分组 n 2 min 3 min 4 min 5 min uc P A组 34 19(55.9) 9(26.5) 3(8.8) 3(8.8) B组 31 25(80.6) 6(19.4) 0(0.0) 0(0.0) 7.64 <0.05 C组* 30 16(53.3) 7(23.3) 4(13.3) 3(10.0) 与B组比较*P < 0.05 表 3 3组病人发生淤斑、皮下血肿比较[n; 百分率(%)]
分组 n 淤斑 皮下血肿 A组 34 8(23.5) 6(17.6) B组* 31 1(3.2) 0(0.0) C组 30 6(20.0) 4(13.3) χ2 — 6.15 6.47 P — <0.05 <0.05 与A组比较*P < 0.05 -
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