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滤泡辅助性T细胞(follicular helper T cell, Tfh)是一类位于淋巴滤泡,具有辅助B细胞活化成熟功能的CD4+T细胞亚群[1]。其所表达的重要的相关分子有:(1)趋化因子受体5(CXC receptor, CXCR5)及趋化因子CXC配体13(CXCL13)/BCA-1;(2)诱导性协同刺激分子(ICOS)与其配体(ICOSligand, IcosL);(3)转录因子Bcl6;(4)表达于T细胞表面的CD40L及表达在B细胞表面的CD40;(5)白细胞介素-21(IL-21);(6)程序性死亡受体-1(programmedcell death-1,PD-1)。Tfh在B细胞发育、分泌高亲和力抗体、为抗体清除外来病原体、建立长期体液免疫等过程中发挥重要作用。Tfh参与保护性免疫反应中的关键环节,在如类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)、系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE)、1型糖尿病(T1DM)、重症肌无力(myasthenia gravis,MG)等自身免疫疾病、病毒性肝炎(viral hepatitis,VH)、肿瘤等疾病的发生过程中也扮演重要角色。现就Tfh的研究进展进行综述。
滤泡辅助性T细胞的研究进展
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