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认知功能障碍是脑组织损伤后最主要的后遗症,可引起注意力、执行功能、学习、记忆等大脑高级功能障碍,并合并有失用、失认等行为改变,影响躯体疾病的康复,降低生活质量[1]。随着人口老龄化的进展,认知功能障碍的患病率越来越高,严重影响病人的身心健康。临床上,神经科很多器质性疾病可以导致认知功能障碍,如高血压、痴呆、帕金森病、癫痫、阿尔茨海默病、多发性硬化等[2]。因此, 尽早筛查及诊治病人的认知功能障碍就有着很重要的社会意义。事件相关电位(event-related potential, ERP)主要评价大脑执行认知任务过程中注意、记忆等信息加工的电位变化,对个体内部应对事件或刺激反应时的变化尤其敏感[3]。P300是ERP的晚成分,经典的ERP晚成分是由各种成分如N100、N200、P100、P200、P300组成,其中研究最普遍、临床应用最多的是P300。P300主要反映大脑执行认知任务过程中选择性注意、工作记忆、决策等认知和心理加工过程的神经电生理变化[4]。目前主要应用于精神及神经疾病相关的认知功能早期评估领域[5]。本研究试图使用P300联合神经心理量表评估神经科器质性疾病(脑卒中、高血压、帕金森病、癫痫、阿尔茨海默病、多发性硬化等)的认知功能障碍,并就其应用价值作一简要分析,为其日后的早期诊治工作提供依据。
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对照组MMSE量表评分、MoCA评分高于观察组(P < 0.05和P < 0.01);对照组P300潜伏期明显低于观察组(P < 0.01),2组波幅比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 1)。
分组 n MMSE/分 MoCA/分 潜伏期/ms 波幅/UV 对照组 21 27.89±1.33 27.33±1.00 341.44±16.59 9.80±3.54 观察组 33 25.96±4.34 22.39±4.64 363.48±27.91 8.01±4.79 t — 2.38* 5.90* -3.64* 1.47 P — <0.05 <0.01 <0.01 >0.05 *示t′值 表 1 2组MMSE得分、MoCA得分、P300潜伏期和波幅的比较(x±s)
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P300潜伏期与MMSE评分、MoCA评分呈负相关(r=-0.38和-0.51,P<0.05);P300波幅与MMSE评分呈弱正相关(r=0.33,P<0.05),与MoCA评分无相关关系(P>0.05)。
事件相关电位P300在神经疾病伴认知功能障碍中的应用价值
Application value of event-related potential P300 in nerve disease complicated with cognitive impairment
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摘要:
目的探讨P300联合MMSE、MoCA量表评定神经疾病伴认知功能障碍病人认知功能的敏感性及P300检查的优越性。 方法对33例神经科器质性疾病(如脑梗死、高血压、帕金森病等)病人和21名正常健康人行P300检测,同时使用MMSE和MoCA量表评估其认知情况,比较神经科器质性疾病病人和正常健康人P300的潜伏期和波幅;并比较2组神经心理量表评分结果与P300的潜伏期和波幅的相关性。 结果对照组MMSE量表评分、MoCA评分高于观察组(P < 0.05和P < 0.01);对照组P300潜伏期明显低于观察组(P < 0.01),2组波幅比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。P300潜伏期与MMSE评分、MoCA评分呈负相关(P < 0.05);P300波幅与MMSE评分呈弱正相关(P < 0.05),与MoCA评分无相关(P>0.05)。 结论P300可以作为评估神经疾病伴认知功能障碍的生物指标,采用P300联合MoCA量表可以更敏感的检测出病人的早期认知功能障碍,值得在临床进一步应用。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo evaluate the sensitivity and superiority of P300 combined with MMSE and MoCA in the evaluation of the cognitive function in neuropathy patients complicated with cognitive impairment. MethodsP300 was measured in 33 patients with organic diseases (such as cerebral infarction, hypertension and Parkinson's disease) and 21 healthy people, and the cognitive function in all cases was evaluated using MMSE and MoCA.The latency and amplitude of P300 between patients and healthy people were compared.The correlation of psychological scale score with latency and amplitude of P300 between patients and healthy people were compared. ResultsThe scores of MMSE and MoCA in control group were higher than those in observation group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), the latency of P300 in control group was significantly lower than that in observation group (P < 0.01), and the difference of the amplitude between two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05).The latency of P300 was negatively correlated with MMSE and MoCA scores (P < 0.05).The amplitude of P300 was positively correlated with MMSE score (P < 0.05), and not correlated with MoCA score (P>0.05). ConclusionsP300 can be used as a biological indicator in evaluating organic disease complicated with cognitive impairment.P300 combined with MoCA scale can more sensitively detect the early cognitive impairment of patients, which is worthy of further clinical application. -
Key words:
- cognitive impairment /
- event-related potential /
- P300 /
- nerve disease
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表 1 2组MMSE得分、MoCA得分、P300潜伏期和波幅的比较(x±s)
分组 n MMSE/分 MoCA/分 潜伏期/ms 波幅/UV 对照组 21 27.89±1.33 27.33±1.00 341.44±16.59 9.80±3.54 观察组 33 25.96±4.34 22.39±4.64 363.48±27.91 8.01±4.79 t — 2.38* 5.90* -3.64* 1.47 P — <0.05 <0.01 <0.01 >0.05 *示t′值 -
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