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脑在发育过程中皮质凹陷、折叠形成了脑沟,脑沟的存在增加了灰质的面积和体积,使得在有限的空间内可以容纳更多的神经元。一些学者曾强调这些脑的凹陷、折叠发生在两种细胞构筑有差异的皮质区域的边界,于是脑沟便被认为是脑功能分区的天然标志。因而,研究脑沟的侧别、性别和位置等差异可以在一定程度上反映脑功能的差异性。神经影像技术与立体定向仪的结合推动脑肿瘤外科切除、立体定向放疗术进入脑、神经解剖图像引导下直接对脑肿瘤进行精确定位,科学制定治疗计划及安全,准确实施瘤内近距离放疗时代,这些治疗过程的准确实施有赖于对病灶和局部解剖结构的准确定位。为此,本文探讨距状沟在容易识别和测量的旁正中矢状面上(X=±7mm)是否有侧别、性别及位置的差异性,构建该层面立体定位数据集并进行回归分析。
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30例样本旁正中矢状断层上,左侧沟长(57.08±6.93)mm,与右侧沟长(55.81±7.63)mm比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.88,P>0.05),男性沟长(56.01±7.70)mm,与女性沟长(57.20±6.51)mm比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.46,P>0.05);距状沟前端的Y值侧别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 1),前端左侧较右侧偏后0.86 mm;距状沟后端的Y值侧别差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)(见表 1),左侧较右侧偏后4.34 mm。
部位 n 左侧/mm 右侧/mm t P 前端Y值 30 -35.45±3.37 -34.59±4.36 1.35 > 0.05 后端Y值 30 -81.37±4.58 -77.03±6.49 3.35 < 0.05 表 1 旁正中矢状断层上距状沟前后端Y值的侧别比较(x±s)
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选取距状沟出现最完整的旁正中矢状断层上分析其在Z轴方向的变异性。距状沟位于连合间径(AC-PC)平面附近略偏上,中部Z值较高,两端Z值偏低,前端点的平均Z值大于0 mm,距状沟末端有一小段平均Z值略小于0 mm。从标准差来判断,距状沟由前向后变异性有增大趋势(见表 2)。
Y值 左侧 右侧 -30.00 1.24±5.94 4.75±5.52 -33.00 3.48±3.97 3.63±4.25 -36.00 5.23±3.36 3.61±4.44 -39.00 6.40±4.20 4.44±4.65 -42.00 7.62±4.21 5.75±4.41 -45.00 8.19±4.02 6.03±5.39 -48.00 9.06±3.82 5.60±6.01 -51.00 9.37±4.34 4.93±6.47 -54.00 9.24±4.71 5.00±6.19 -57.00 9.10±5.09 5.07±6.44 -60.00 8.47±5.77 4.03±7.22 -63.00 7.53±5.58 3.65±8.21 -66.00 5.99±5.56 2.44±8.87 -69.00 4.21±6.71 3.30±5.54 -72.00 1.96±6.94 1.64±6.52 -75.00 -0.37±7.04 -0.18±7.12 -78.00 -2.72±6.76 -0.42±7.71 -81.00 -1.34±5.15 -2.25±10.23 -84.00 -5.75±6.35 -0.15±10.07 -87.00 — 0.046±10.66 注:距状沟最前端取样点P5位于Y=-30.00 mm,最后端P95取样点位于Y=-78.00 mm 表 2 X=±7mm旁正中矢状断层上距状沟取样点的平均坐标值(n=30;x±s;mm)
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旁正中矢状断层(X=±7 mm)上,双侧距状沟在Z轴的分布范围(-25.0,20.0),左侧距状沟分布范围(-25.0,20.0),右侧距状沟分布范围(-20.0,20.0),呈现距离大脑原点越近距状沟的位置变异性越小的规律(见图 2、3)。旁正中矢状断层上,距状沟Z值对Y值的二次曲线回归方程:左侧:Z=-32.717-1.587Y- 0.016Y2(R=0.683,F=191.12,P < 0.01), 右侧:Z=-30.390-1.537Y-0.015Y2(R=0.565,F=166.72, P < 0.01)。
旁正中矢状断层上大脑距状沟立体定位数据集的构建及差异性分析
The building of the stereotactic data set of calcarine sulcus and difference analysis of the paramedian sagittal plane
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摘要:
目的构建大脑半球旁正中矢状断层上(X=±7 mm)距状沟的立体定位数据集,探讨距状沟是否具有侧别、性别和位置差异性。 方法以连合间径中点为原点建立三维立体坐标系,30名健康成人大脑旁正中矢状断层T1MRI上,3D-Doctor软件测量距状沟沟长,该断层上Y值为3 mm的倍数处选取测量点构建数据集,求Z值对Y值的二次曲线回归方程。 结果旁正中矢状断层上距状沟沟长不具有侧别和性别差异(P>0.05),Y轴方向上距状沟后端左侧较右侧位置偏后(P < 0.05)。旁正中矢状断层上距状沟呈现距离大脑原点越近位置变异性越小的规律,旁正中矢状断层上距状沟Z值对Y值的二次曲线回归方程:左侧Z=-32.717-1.587Y-0.016Y2(P < 0.01),右侧Z=-30.390-1.537Y-0.015Y2(P < 0.01)。 结论构建的距状沟立体定位数据集预期对该沟附近的视皮质功能区定位、病灶定位及外科治疗具有指导意义。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo build the stereotactic data set of calcarine sulcus(CS) on the paramedian sagittal plane(X=±7 mm), and explore the CS variability among different lateral, gender and position. MethodsThe three-dimensional coordinate system was established with the midpoint of AC-PC line as the origin.The length of CS on paramedian sagittal T1MRI planes of the brain of 30 healthy adults were measured using 3D-Doctor workstation, the measurement points were selected at a multiple of 3 mm on this section to construct the data set, and the quadratic regression equation of Z value to Y value was calculated. ResultsThe differences of the length of CS in different laterals and genders were not statistically significant(P>0.05).In the direction of Y axis, the left side of the back end of the CS was behind the right side.On paramedian sagittal planes, the smaller the positional variability of CS was, the closer the CS to the origin of the brain was.On paramedian sagittal plane, the quadratic regression equations of Z-value to Y-value of the CS in the left side and right side were Z=-32.717-1.587Y-0.016Y2 and Z=-30.390-1.537Y-0.015Y2, respectively(P < 0.01). ConclusionsThe building stereotaxic data set in this study is expected to be of guiding significance for the localizating the visual cortical functional areas, lesion area and surgical treatment in the vicinity of the calcarine sulcus. -
Key words:
- calcarine sulcus /
- magnetic resonance imaging /
- regression analysis
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表 1 旁正中矢状断层上距状沟前后端Y值的侧别比较(x±s)
部位 n 左侧/mm 右侧/mm t P 前端Y值 30 -35.45±3.37 -34.59±4.36 1.35 > 0.05 后端Y值 30 -81.37±4.58 -77.03±6.49 3.35 < 0.05 表 2 X=±7mm旁正中矢状断层上距状沟取样点的平均坐标值(n=30;x±s;mm)
Y值 左侧 右侧 -30.00 1.24±5.94 4.75±5.52 -33.00 3.48±3.97 3.63±4.25 -36.00 5.23±3.36 3.61±4.44 -39.00 6.40±4.20 4.44±4.65 -42.00 7.62±4.21 5.75±4.41 -45.00 8.19±4.02 6.03±5.39 -48.00 9.06±3.82 5.60±6.01 -51.00 9.37±4.34 4.93±6.47 -54.00 9.24±4.71 5.00±6.19 -57.00 9.10±5.09 5.07±6.44 -60.00 8.47±5.77 4.03±7.22 -63.00 7.53±5.58 3.65±8.21 -66.00 5.99±5.56 2.44±8.87 -69.00 4.21±6.71 3.30±5.54 -72.00 1.96±6.94 1.64±6.52 -75.00 -0.37±7.04 -0.18±7.12 -78.00 -2.72±6.76 -0.42±7.71 -81.00 -1.34±5.15 -2.25±10.23 -84.00 -5.75±6.35 -0.15±10.07 -87.00 — 0.046±10.66 注:距状沟最前端取样点P5位于Y=-30.00 mm,最后端P95取样点位于Y=-78.00 mm -
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