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表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors,EGFR-TKIs)为治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)提供了一种新的治疗方法[1]。EGFR-TKIs是目前治疗包含外显子19缺失或外显子21 L858R突变EGFR突变的晚期NSCLC的一线治疗的最佳方案[2]。与一线含铂双药方案和二线单药多西他赛或培美曲塞相比,应用第一代(吉非替尼、埃克替尼)和第二代EGFR-TKIs(阿法替尼)治疗EGFR突变的病人,在临床观察中发现病人的客观反应率(objective response rate,ORR)、无进展生存期(progression-free survival,PFS)和总体生存期(overall survival,OS)均取得较好疗效, 在不同病人间存在显著的个体差异性,一部分病人经靶向治疗后病人的PFS可能会持续数年,而另一部分人可能在数周内病情进展,甚至疾病的病程呈爆发性加快进展[3-4]。出现以上情况的主要生物学机制可能为病人存在与EGFR共同突变的相关的基因,该病人存在对第一代、第二代EGFR-TKIs的具有天然耐药基因[5-7]。PIK3CA是EGFR信号通路的下游关键传导基因,对细胞的存活、增殖和生长有重要作用。在临床前模型研究中发现的EGFR- TKIs耐药性与体内多个基因突变相关,在本研究中将观察PIK3CA与肺癌EGFR-TKIs靶向治疗的相关性。
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62例肺癌组织标本作为实验组,PIK3CA阳性表达者总数30例,阳性信号定位于细胞质,呈棕黄色或棕褐色,阳性率达48.38%,阴性表达者32例(51.62%)(见图 1)。
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PIK3CA表达情况与性别、年龄、TNM分期、淋巴结转移、脑转移、吸烟状态、病理类型及EGFR突变位点差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 1)。
分组 PIK3CA 阳性率/% χ2 P + - 性别 男
女19
1116
1654.28
40.741.120 > 0.05 年龄 ≥60岁
< 60岁16
1421
1143.24
56.000.792 > 0.05 TNM分期 Ⅲb期
Ⅳ期7
239
2343.75
50.000.186 > 0.05 淋巴结转移 是
否25
525
750.00
41.660.269 > 0.05 脑转移 是
否9
2110
2247.36
48.830.011 > 0.05 吸烟 是
否9
217
2556.25
45.650.534 > 0.05 病理类型 鳞癌
腺癌4
262
3066.66
46.120.889 > 0.05 突变位点 19
2119
1118
1251.35
47.820.071 > 0.05 表 1 PIK3CA阳性表达情况与其临床资料比较
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在PIK3CA表达阳性病人应用埃克替尼后中位疾病PFS 10.5个月(95%CI:5.6~15.4);PIK3CA表达阴性的病人应用埃克替尼后中位疾病PFS 17.0个月(95%CI:10.1~23.8)。PIK3CA阳性表达较PIK3CA阴性表达的EGFR-TKIs耐药率明显升高,2组生存曲线差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.16,P < 0.05)。
PIK3CA对埃克替尼治疗EGFR基因突变的非小细胞肺癌病人的疗效预测
Predicting the efficacy of taking icotinib in the non-small cell lung cancer patients with EGFR gene mutation by PIK3CA
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摘要:
目的探讨PIK3CA对埃克替尼治疗EGFR基因突变的非小细胞癌(NSCLC)病人疗效预测价值。 方法首先应用ARMS法对确诊肺腺癌标本给予EGFR基因突变检测。对于EGFR检测阳性肺腺癌标本应用免疫组化蛋白定性法进行PIK3CA表达状态分析。对EGFR检测阳性者给予埃克替尼治疗,观察PIK3CA高表达组与低表达组埃克替尼治疗后的无进展生存期(PFS)。 结果在62例EGFR突变的肺癌病人中,48.38%同时存在PIK3CA高表达。在PIK3CA表达阳性病人应用埃克替尼后中位疾病PFS 10.5个月(95% CI:5.6~15.4);PIK3CA表达阴性的病人应用埃克替尼后中位疾病PFS 17.0个月(95% CI:10.1~23.8)。PIK3CA低表达病人用埃克替尼治疗的应答率、中位PFS、EGFR-TKIs耐药率均有较高的趋势(χ2=7.16,P < 0.05)。 结论在EGFR突变的接受埃克替尼治疗的NSCLC病人,检测PIK3CA表达状态有助于鉴别出EGFR-TKIs治疗有效较低的病人,提前进行干预,从而延长病人中位PFS。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the usage of PIK3CA in predicting the efficacy of taking icotinib in the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR gene mutation. MethodsFirst, the ARMS method was used to detect the mutation of EGFR gene in the specimens of lung adenocarcinoma.Then, for EGFR-positive lung adenocarcinoma specimens, immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the expression status of PIK3CA.After that, icotinib was given to EGFR-positive patients, and progression-free survival (PFS) was observed for patients with high-expression PIK3CA and low-expression PIK3CA. ResultsAmong 62 lung cancer patients with EGFR mutation, 48.38% had high expression of PIK3CA.After applying icotinib in PIK3CA-positive patients, the median disease progression-free survival period reached 10.5 months(95% CI:5.6-15.4), and the median disease progression-free survival period for PIK3CA-negative patients taking icotinib was 17.0 months (95% CI:10.1-23.8).The response rate, median PFS, and EGFR-TKIs resistance rates of patients with low expression of PIK3CA increased significantly after taking icotinib, and the differences were significant(χ2=7.16, P < 0.05). ConclusionsFor the NSCLC patients who have received EGFR-TKIs treatment, the detection of the expression status of PIK3CA can help to identify the patients with low efficacy, so early intervention can be adopted to extend the PFS. -
Key words:
- non-small cell lung cancer /
- PIK3CA /
- icotinib
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表 1 PIK3CA阳性表达情况与其临床资料比较
分组 PIK3CA 阳性率/% χ2 P + - 性别 男
女19
1116
1654.28
40.741.120 > 0.05 年龄 ≥60岁
< 60岁16
1421
1143.24
56.000.792 > 0.05 TNM分期 Ⅲb期
Ⅳ期7
239
2343.75
50.000.186 > 0.05 淋巴结转移 是
否25
525
750.00
41.660.269 > 0.05 脑转移 是
否9
2110
2247.36
48.830.011 > 0.05 吸烟 是
否9
217
2556.25
45.650.534 > 0.05 病理类型 鳞癌
腺癌4
262
3066.66
46.120.889 > 0.05 突变位点 19
2119
1118
1251.35
47.820.071 > 0.05 -
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