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直肠癌是当今社会最常见的消化道恶性肿瘤之一,严重威胁人类健康。直肠癌的发病率呈逐年上升趋势[1],其发病率在女性中居第三位,在男性中居第五位[2]。为降低术后复发率、增加保肛率和延长生存寿命,临床开始对低位直肠癌以及T3、T4进展期直肠癌术前进行新辅助治疗(neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy,NCRT)[3]。相对于传统的诊断手段,影像诊断直肠癌NCRT后T分期的准确性被看成是提升结直肠癌疗效的关键。MRI具有多方位、多参数、软组织分辨率高等特点,可以清晰显示结直肠癌癌肿及周边组织浸润情况。辅以直肠内充水,能更好地分析肿瘤的大小及T分期。本研究通过回顾分析病人NCRT前、后MRI T分期的改变及肿瘤大小的变化,评估直肠癌NCRT的疗效。
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NCRT前MRI分期为T2期4例、T3期31例、T4期4例;治疗后T1期4例、T2期25例、T3期10例;其中NCRT前、后的MRI分期降期数为29例,降期率为74.4%。NCRT前、后的MRI分期差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.96,P < 0.01)。
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术前MRI分期:T1~2期29例,T3期10例;病理分期:T0~2期31例、T3期8例(见表 1)。39例中有5例病人病理分期为CR,但在MRI T分期中4例为T1期,1例为T2期,2例病人MRI T分期为T2和T3期,病理分期均为T1期,MRI分期为高估,3例病人MRI T分期为T3期,但病理分期为T2期,MRI分期为高估;2例病人MRI T分期为T2期,病理分期为T3期,MRI分期为低估。NCRT后术前MRI T分期符合术后病理分期为27例,MRI T分期准确率69.2%(27/39)。
NCRT后的MRI分期 病理T分期 T0 T1 T2 T3 合计 T0 — — — — — T1 4 0 0 0 4 T2 1 1 21 2 25 T3 0 1 3 6 10 合计 5 2 24 8 39 表 1 39例病人术前MRI分期与术后病理T分期的比较(n)
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NCRT治疗后肿瘤长径和厚度均较治疗前明显降低(P < 0.01)(见图 1、表 2)。根据RECIST1.1标准,依据长径判断PR 21例及SD 18例,ORR为53.8%(21/39);依据厚度判断PR 21例、SD 17例及PD 1例,ORR为53.8%(21/39);2组病人疗效差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.03,P>0.05)。
分组 长径/cm 厚度/cm 治疗前 4.38±2.70 2.94±2.30 治疗后 2.34±1.44 1.54±0.94 t 8.06 6.12 P < 0.01 < 0.01 表 2 NCRT前、后直肠癌肿瘤长径与厚度的变化情况比较(x±s)
直肠充水后MRI检查对直肠癌新辅助治疗疗效的评估价值
Assessment value of MRI with rectal water filling in the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer
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摘要:
目的探讨直肠充水后MRI检查对直肠癌新辅助治疗(neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy,NCRT)后MRI T分期再分期的评估价值,并判断NCRT后的疗效。 方法回顾性分析2013年6月至2017年6月确诊为直肠癌病人39例,均进行NCRT,NCRT前、后均进行直肠充水后MRI检查,并将NCRT后的MRI T分期与术后病理分期进行对比分析,判断治疗后MRI检查结果的准确性。依据实体肿瘤评价的RECIST1.1标准评价直肠癌NCRT后的肿瘤退缩程度及疗效。 结果39例接受NCRT病人,其中29例病人均见不同程度降期,其降期率为74.4%;治疗后术前MRI T分期符合术后病理分期27例,其MRI诊断的总准确率为69.2%。NCRT前、后的MRI分期差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。治疗后肿瘤长径和厚度均明显降低(P < 0.01),根据RECIST1.1标准判断治疗的总有效率为53.8%。 结论直肠充水后MRI不仅能动态评估直肠癌NCRT前、后T分期的改变和肿瘤大小的变化,从而有效评估疗效,还可有效判定NCRT后T分期,为手术治疗提供依据。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of MRI with rectal water filling in the MRI T restaging following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(NCRT) in rectal cancer, and determine the efficacy of NCRT. MethodsRetrospective analysis was conducted in 39 patients with rectal cancer who were clinically diagnosed from June 2013 to June 2017, and treated with NCRT.Both before and after NCRT, MRI examination was performed after rectal water filling.The MRI stages after NCRT were compared with the postoperative pathological stages to determine the accuracy of the MRI results after treatment.Evaluation of tumor withdrawal degree and therapeutic effect after NCRT of rectal cancer based on the RECIST 1.1 standard of solid tumor evaluation. ResultsThirty-nine patients were treated with NCRT, and compared the MRI stages before and after treatment.Of these, Twenty-nine patients had different descending stages, and their descending rate was 74.4%.There were 27 cases of postoperative pathological staging with MRI staging before and after the treatment, and the overall accuracy of MRI diagnosis was 69.2%.The MRI staging before and after NCRT was statistically significant(P < 0.01).After treatment, the tumor length and thickness were significantly reduced(P < 0.01) The overall response rate for judging the therapeutic effect of tumors according to the RECIST 1.1 standard was 53.8%. ConclusionsMRI with rectal water filling can not only dynamically evaluate the changes of T staging before and after NCRT of rectal cancer and the changes of tumor size to effectively evaluate the efficacy, but also effectively determine the NCRT T staging, which can provide basis for surgical treatment. -
表 1 39例病人术前MRI分期与术后病理T分期的比较(n)
NCRT后的MRI分期 病理T分期 T0 T1 T2 T3 合计 T0 — — — — — T1 4 0 0 0 4 T2 1 1 21 2 25 T3 0 1 3 6 10 合计 5 2 24 8 39 表 2 NCRT前、后直肠癌肿瘤长径与厚度的变化情况比较(x±s)
分组 长径/cm 厚度/cm 治疗前 4.38±2.70 2.94±2.30 治疗后 2.34±1.44 1.54±0.94 t 8.06 6.12 P < 0.01 < 0.01 -
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