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甲状腺相关眼病(thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy, TAO)是眼科临床常见的眼眶疾病之一,属于与甲状腺相关的器官特异性自身免疫性疾病范畴[1]。我国TAO发生率占眼眶疾病近25%,且呈逐年上升之势[2]。多项研究[3-5]表明,促甲状腺素受体为一种存在眼眶内成纤维细胞与甲状腺的抗原,当自身免疫功能失调时,促甲状腺素受体激活眶内组织的CD4阳性T淋巴细胞,产生细胞因子,进而导致激活眼眶内成纤维细胞增殖,且大量产生糖胺聚糖,由于糖胺聚糖吸水功能强大,导致眶内组织体积增大,从而出现眼球突出、眼外肌肥厚、视神经受压等眼部症状,严重影响病人的生活质量,且病情严重可导致病人失明。TAO临床治疗方法较多,主要包括糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂治疗及眼眶减压手术[6]。甲强龙是临床常用治疗TAO的糖皮质激素之一,环磷酰胺是一种免疫抑制剂,二者联用治疗TAO具有一定的协同提高疗效作用[7]。99Tc亚甲基二磷酸盐(99Tc-MDP)是我国研制的核素药物,近年来广泛应用于自身免疫性疾病的临床治疗。目前临床关于甲强龙环磷酰胺联合99Tc-MDP治疗TAO的临床疗效尚无定论[4],本研究通过设立对照试验,观察甲强龙和环磷酰胺基础上联合99Tc-MDP对TAO病人的疗效及安全性。现作报道。
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治疗前2组病人眼外肌厚度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,对照组病人眼外肌厚度与治疗前差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组病人眼外肌厚度明显低于治疗前(P < 0.01),且明显低于对照组治疗后(P < 0.01)(见表 1)。
分组 n 治疗前 治疗后 t P 对照组 44 6.22±1.57 5.80±1.14 1.44 >0.05 观察组 56 6.19±1.48 5.15±1.03 4.32 < 0.01 t — 0.10 2.99 — — P — >0.05 < 0.01 — — 表 1 2组病人治疗前后眼外肌厚度比较(x±s;mm)
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2组病人治疗前CAS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,2组病人CAS评分均较治疗前明显下降(P < 0.01),且观察组CAS评分低于对照组(P < 0.05)(见表 2)。
分组 n 治疗前 治疗后 t P 对照组 44 4.58±1.74 1.89±1.12 8.62 60.01 观察组 56 4.75±1.83 1.46±1.01 11.78 < 0.01 t — 0.47 2.01 — — P — >0.05 < 0.05 — — 表 2 2组病人治疗前后CAS评分比较(x±s;分)
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2组病人治疗前病情严重率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,2组病人病情严重率均明显降低(P < 0.01),且观察组低于对照组(P < 0.05)(见表 3)。
分组 n 治疗前 治疗后 χ2 P 对照组 44 37(84.09) 8(18.18) 38.25 < 0.01 观察组 56 46(82.14) 3(5.36) 67.08 < 0.01 χ2 — 0.07 4.14 — — P — >0.05 < 0.05 — — 表 3 2组病人治疗前后病情严重率比较[n;百分率(%)]
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对照组病人治疗期间不良反应发生率为20.45%,高于观察组的5.36% (P < 0.05)(见表 4)。
分组 n 肝肾功能异常 合并感染 血糖升高 其他 合计 χ2 P 对照组 44 2(5.41) 1(2.70) 4(9.09) 1(2.70) 9(20.45) 观察组 56 2(3.57) 0(0.00) 1(2.27) 0(0.00) 3(5.36) 5.32 < 0.05 合计 100 4(4.00) 1(1.00) 5(5.00) 1(1.00) 12(12.00) 表 4 2组病人不良反应发生率比较[n;百分率(%)]
甲强龙环磷酰胺联合99Tc亚甲基二磷酸盐治疗甲状腺相关眼病的临床有效性及安全性
Study on the clinical efficacy and safety of methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide combined with 99Tc-MDP in the treatment of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy
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摘要:
目的探讨甲强龙环磷酰胺联合99Tc亚甲基二磷酸盐(99Tc-MDP)治疗甲状腺相关眼病(thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy,TAO)的临床有效性及安全性。 方法选取内分泌科收治的TAO病人50例,按治疗方案的不同将病人分为对照组22例和观察组28例。对照组采用甲强龙、环磷酰胺治疗方案;观察组采用甲强龙、环磷酰胺联合99Tc-MDP治疗方案。比较2组病人治疗前后眼外肌厚度、临床活动性评分(CAS)和病情严重情况及不良反应发生率。 结果治疗前,2组病人CAS评分、眼外肌厚度和病情严重率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,2组病人CAS评分和病情严重率均较治疗前明显下降(P < 0.01),观察组病人眼外肌厚度亦明显低于治疗前(P < 0.01),且观察组治疗后的CAS评分、病情严重率和眼外肌厚度均低于对照组(P < 0.05~P < 0.01)。观察组病人治疗期间不良反应发生率为5.36%(3/56),低于对照组的20.45%(9/44)(P < 0.05)。 结论甲强龙环、磷酰胺方案联合使用99Tc-MDP治疗TAO,可有效改善病人临床疗效,减少相关不良反应的发生,值得临床推广。 -
关键词:
- 甲状腺相关眼病 /
- 甲强龙 /
- 环磷酰胺 /
- 99Tc亚甲基二磷酸盐
Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide combined with 99Tc-MDP in the treatment of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy(TAO). MethodsFifty patients with TAO were divided into the control group(22 cases) and observation group(28 cases) according to the treatment schemes.The control group was treated with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide, and the observation group was treated with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide combined with 99Tc-MDP.The thickness of extraocular muscle, clinical activity score(CAS) and severity of disease before and after treatment, and incidence rate of adverse reactions were compared between two groups. ResultsBefore treatment, the differences of the CAS score, thickness of extraocular muscle and severity of disease between two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05).After treatment, the CAS score and severity of disease in two groups significantly decreased compared with before treatment(P < 0.01), the thickness of extraocular muscle in the observation group was significantly lower than that before treatment, and the CAS score, severity of disease and thickness of extraocular muscle in observation group were lower than those in control group(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).The incidence rate of adverse reactions during treatment in observation group(5.36%) was lower than that in control group(20.45%)(P < 0.05). ConclusionsThe methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide combined with 99Tc-MDP in the treatment of TAO can effectively improve the clinical efficacy and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions, which is worthy of clinical promotion. -
Key words:
- thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy /
- methylprednisolone /
- cyclophosphamide /
- 99Tc-MDP
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表 1 2组病人治疗前后眼外肌厚度比较(x±s;mm)
分组 n 治疗前 治疗后 t P 对照组 44 6.22±1.57 5.80±1.14 1.44 >0.05 观察组 56 6.19±1.48 5.15±1.03 4.32 < 0.01 t — 0.10 2.99 — — P — >0.05 < 0.01 — — 表 2 2组病人治疗前后CAS评分比较(x±s;分)
分组 n 治疗前 治疗后 t P 对照组 44 4.58±1.74 1.89±1.12 8.62 60.01 观察组 56 4.75±1.83 1.46±1.01 11.78 < 0.01 t — 0.47 2.01 — — P — >0.05 < 0.05 — — 表 3 2组病人治疗前后病情严重率比较[n;百分率(%)]
分组 n 治疗前 治疗后 χ2 P 对照组 44 37(84.09) 8(18.18) 38.25 < 0.01 观察组 56 46(82.14) 3(5.36) 67.08 < 0.01 χ2 — 0.07 4.14 — — P — >0.05 < 0.05 — — 表 4 2组病人不良反应发生率比较[n;百分率(%)]
分组 n 肝肾功能异常 合并感染 血糖升高 其他 合计 χ2 P 对照组 44 2(5.41) 1(2.70) 4(9.09) 1(2.70) 9(20.45) 观察组 56 2(3.57) 0(0.00) 1(2.27) 0(0.00) 3(5.36) 5.32 < 0.05 合计 100 4(4.00) 1(1.00) 5(5.00) 1(1.00) 12(12.00) -
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