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增生性瘢痕(hypertrophic scar, HS)是皮肤软组织创(烧)伤愈合修复过程中出现的过度纤维化疾病[1]。普通HS的术后发病率可达40%~70%,而烧伤愈合所致的HS更高至91%[2]。临床上,HS过度增生的突出表现为损伤区域局部组织较正常皮肤凸出明显,创面愈合过程中细胞外基质过度堆积致组织变硬增厚,常引发病人疼痛、瘙痒等不适感觉,其中累及关节等部位的HS还会导致病人功能方面的障碍,严重影响病人容貌和生活质量,给家庭及社会带来繁重负担[3]。目前,由于HS发病机制尚未完全明确,临床治疗中也缺乏针对性举措,因而HS治疗一直是国内外美容整形外科及基础医学关注和研究的热点与难点问题。研究[4]证实,HS病变发生与发展过程中的主要效应细胞是增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞(hypertrophic scar fibroblasts, HSFs),其中导致HS过度增生和持续存在的细胞学基础是HSFs增殖和凋亡之间的不平衡[5],因而着眼于抑制HSFs增殖和/或促进HSFs凋亡进而降低HS增生可以成为基础研究中抑制HS形成的一个重要突破口。
内抑素(endostatin)是O′REILLY等[6]于小鼠血管内皮瘤细胞的培养上清液中得到的一种蛋白质,后期研究[7]证实内抑素可通过抑制部分肿瘤细胞(血管内皮细胞及非小细胞肺癌细胞等)增殖和迁移并诱导其凋亡来发挥抗肿瘤效应。我们课题组的前期实验研究[8-10]发现,重组人内抑素(recombinant human endostatin, rhEndostatin, 100 μg/mL)可通过下调Bcl-2、NF-κB、c-jun和c-fos等基因表达来抑制兔耳HSF增殖,并诱导其凋亡发挥抗兔耳HS增生作用。研究[11]证实,Ca2+可作为细胞内第二信使,主要参与细胞凋亡早期初始阶段包括启动Caspases-3上游的激活与细胞色素C释放,而细胞内Ca2+浓度([Ca2+]i)超载也可作为细胞凋亡起始的重要步骤。本研究拟在课题组前期已完成实验的基础上进一步观察rhEndostatin(100 μg/mL)对HSF胞内[Ca2+]i的影响,通过探讨rhEndostatin促进HSF凋亡的部分机制,为临床寻找HS药物治疗新靶点提供一定的实验依据与理论基础。
重组人内抑素对兔耳增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞内钙离子浓度的影响
Effect of recombinant human endostatin on the intracellular Ca2+ concentration in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts in a rabbit ear model
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摘要:
目的通过探讨重组人内抑素(rhEndostatin)促进兔耳增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞(HSFs)凋亡的部分机制,为临床上药物治疗增生性瘢痕(HS)提供实验依据。 方法取新西兰大耳兔6只制备瘢痕模型。以HSFs为研究对象,应用激光共聚焦显微镜(CLSM)结合Fluo-4/AM(Ca2+荧光指示剂)检测在Hanks与D-Hanks液中(有、无细胞外钙)rhEndostatin(100 μg/mL)对HSFs胞内Ca2+浓度([Ca2+]i)的影响。 结果当细胞外液为Hanks液时,rhEndostatin(100 μg/mL)可使HSF胞质内[Ca2+]i水平持续增加,当持续10 s给予rhEndostatin处理后,HSFs胞内[Ca2+]i可迅速增加达峰顶再缓慢下降,在停止药物处理后,HSFs胞内[Ca2+]i继续下降,停止处理约50 s后,胞内[Ca2+]i尚未至基线水平;而当细胞处于D-Hanks液中时,rhEndostatin对HSFs胞质内[Ca2+]i无明显影响。 结论rhEndostatin可通过干扰HSFs胞内钙离子稳态,推动胞外Ca2+内流导致胞内钙超载来诱导HSFs凋亡。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of recombinant human endostatin(rhEndostatin) promoting the apoptosis of hypertrophic scar fibroblast(HSFs) in rabbit ear, and provide the experimental basis for clinical drug treatment of hypertrophic scar(HS). MethodsThe HS model was prepared in 6 healthy New Zealand white albino rabbits.The effects of rhEndostatin(100 μg/mL) on the intracellular Ca2+ concentration([Ca2+] i) of HSFs in Hanks and D-Hanks fluids(with and without extracellular calcium) were detected using laser confocal microscopy(CLSM) combined with Fluo-4 /AM(Ca2+ fluorescence indicator). ResultsWhen the extracellular fluid was the Hanks fluid, the rhEndostatin could cause the HSFs [Ca2+]i increasing, and the levels of [Ca2+]i reached to peak after 10 s of treatment, then slowly decreased with time.After stopping the drug treatment, the levels of [Ca2+]i continued to slow down, and the level of HSFs [Ca2+]i did not return to baseline after 50 s of rhEndostatin withdrawal.HSFs [Ca2+]i was not affected by rhEndostatin when the cells were incubated with D-Hanks buffer. ConclusionsRhEndostatin can induce the HSFs apoptosis by interfering with intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and promoting extracellular Ca2+ influx to cause intracellular calcium overload. -
Key words:
- hypertrophic scar /
- endostatin /
- Ca2+ /
- confocal laser scanning microscopy /
- rabbit
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