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非霍奇金淋巴瘤(non-Hodgkin lymphoma,NHL)是一组具有不同组织学特点和发病部位的淋巴瘤[1]。其中,弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B cell lymphoma,DLBCL)是NHL中最常见的类型,占35%~40%[2]。目前,临床医生依赖于相关临床指标来预测疾病进展、复发和死亡的风险。国际预后指数(international prognostic index,IPI)被认为是目前标准预测DLBCL的工具[2]。IPI在1993年被提出,临床上将病人的5个独立临床预后因素[年龄、肿瘤分期、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)浓度、体能评分、结外受累器官数量]进行评估并评分,由此将病人分为低危组、中低危组、高中危组和高危组,各组别5年总生存率分别为73%、51%、43%和26%[2]。IPI是多年来普遍使用的预后工具[3]。随着对于疾病的进一步研究,为了提高预测指标的效应,ZHOU等[4]在2014年提出了国家综合癌症网络预后指数(national comprehensive cancer center international prognostic index, NCCN-IPI),与IPI相比,该评分应用了分层年龄评分以及LDH与正常上限的比率。随着新技术的不断发展,人们致力于寻找更为精确的预测模型。近年来的大多数研究集中于识别新的分子和遗传标记,以便定义更精确的预后因素和建立备选模型。
在一些相对较小队列的研究[5-6]中表明基线血清β微球蛋白水平与DLBCL病人生存率低下相关。2016年CHEN等[7]提出β2微球蛋白作为预测因子之一的新的DLBCL预后模型,并报道其较IPI相比有更好的预测价值。β2微球蛋白对于DLBCL的预后价值越来越受到重视,且是临床上易于检测及可广泛使用的指标,很可能成为新的预后因子,但目前国内少有临床数据支持。因此,本研究分析DLBCL病人的临床数据,以探讨β2微球蛋白对于DLBCL的临床意义。
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本研究102例病人中,ECOG体能分级:0~1级35例,2级37例,3级及以上30例。Ann Arbor分期:Ⅰ/Ⅱ期27例,Ⅲ/Ⅳ期75例。LDH水平未升高58例,升高1~3倍正常上限35例,升高超过3倍正常上限9例。结外未受累23例,1个结外器官受累(任何1个,包括非骨髓、中枢神经系统、肝/胃肠道和肺等部位) 64例,超过2个及以上结外器官受累15例。血清β2微球蛋白未升高49例,升高超过正常上限53例。
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按照IPI和NCCN-IPI分别分组,各组β2微球蛋白水平升高例数差异有统计学意义;随着预后危险等级升高(P < 0.01),β2微球蛋白水平逐渐升高,且高危组β2微球蛋白水平明显高于低危组和低中危组(P < 0.01)(见表 1)。
分组 n 未升高/[n;百分率(%)] 升高/[n;百分率(%)] 浓度/(mg/L) IPI组 低危组 26 21(80.8) 5(19.2) 2.09±0.42 低中危组 23 15(65.2) 8(34.8) 2.52±1.09 高中危组 32 10(31.2) 22(68.8) 4.04±3.15**# 高危组 21 3(14.3) 18(85.7) 4.78±3.22**## F — 27.08△ 6.90 P — < 0.01 < 0.01 MS组内 — — 5.567 NCCN-IPI组 低危组 13 12(92.3) 1(7.7) 2.01±0.34 低中危组 27 20(74.1) 7(25.9) 2.26±0.76 高中危组 44 15(34.1) 29(65.9) 3.63±2.66# 高危组 18 2(11.1) 16(88.9) 5.27±3.55**##▲ F — 30.80△ 7.65 P — < 0.01 < 0.01 MS组内 — — 5.458 △示χ2值;与低危组比较*P < 0.05,** P < 0.01;与低中危组比较#P < 0.05,##P < 0.01;与高中危组比较▲P < 0.05 表 1 各组β2微球蛋白分布及水平比较
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logistic回归分析显示β2微球蛋白水平升高是IPI和NCCN-IPI预后分组的危险因素(P < 0.01)(见表 2)。
变量 分组 β SE Wald P OR (95%CI) β2微球蛋白 IPI组 2.065 0.663 9.710 < 0.01 7.886(2.151-28.903) 水平升高 NCCN-IPI组 2.319 0.782 8.802 < 0.01 10.162(2.197-47.015 5) 表 2 各预后分组的logistic回归分析
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β2微球蛋白和LDH无相关性,与是否结外受累无明显相关性(r=-0.115,P>0.05),与年龄、肿瘤分期、ECOG评分呈相关关系(r=0.249、0.464、-0.357,P < 0.05)。
高β2微球蛋白对弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的临床意义
Clinical significance of high β2 microglobulin in diffuse large B cell lymphoma
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摘要:
目的探索β2微球蛋白对于弥漫大B细胞淋巴的临床价值。 方法回顾性分析弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤病人共102例,记录病人初诊年龄、性别、Ann Arbor分期、乳酸脱氢酶和β2微球蛋白血清水平、有无B组症状和ECOG评分,按照国际预后指数(IPI)、国家综合癌症网络预后指数(NCCN-IPI)评分标准分组后进行统计学分析。 结果各组β2微球蛋白水平升高例数差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01);随着预后危险等级升高,β2微球蛋白水平逐渐升高,且高危组β2微球蛋白水平明显高于低危组和低中危组(P < 0.01)。logistic回归分析显示β2微球蛋白水平升高是IPI和NCCN-IPI预后分组的危险因素(P < 0.01)。β2微球蛋白和乳酸脱氢酶无相关性,与是否结外受累无明显相关性(r=-0.115,P>0.05),与年龄、肿瘤分期、ECOG评分呈相关关系(r=0.249、0.464、-0.357,P < 0.05)。 结论β2微球蛋白水平升高可能是影响弥漫大B淋巴瘤病人预后的危险因素之一,其相关机制有待进一步研究。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo explore the clinical value of β2 microglobulin in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. MethodsThe clinical data of 102 patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma were retrospectively analyzed.The age at first diagnosis, gender, Ann Arbor stage, serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase and hypoglobulin, with and without group B symptoms and ECOG scores of patients were recorded.According to the international prognostic index(IPI) and national comprehensive cancer cefter international prognostic index(NCCN-IPI) scoring criteria, the data of patient were statistically analyzed. ResultsThe difference of the number of cases with increasing microglobulin level among different groups was statistically significant(P < 0.01).With the increasing of prognostic risk level, the level of β2 microglobulin increased gradually, and the level of β2 microglobulin in high-risk group was significantly higher than that in low-risk group and medium-risk group(P < 0.01).The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the increasing of β2 microglobulin level was a risk factor of IPI and NCCN-IPI prognosis grouping(P < 0.01).The correlation analysis showed that β2 microglobulin was not correlated with lactic dehydrogenase and external node involvement(P>0.05), and β2 microglobulin was correlated with the age, tumor stage and ECOG score(P < 0.05). ConclusionsThe level increasing of β2 microglobulin may be one of the risk factors of patients with diffuse large B lymphoma, and the related mechanism of which needs to be further studied. -
表 1 各组β2微球蛋白分布及水平比较
分组 n 未升高/[n;百分率(%)] 升高/[n;百分率(%)] 浓度/(mg/L) IPI组 低危组 26 21(80.8) 5(19.2) 2.09±0.42 低中危组 23 15(65.2) 8(34.8) 2.52±1.09 高中危组 32 10(31.2) 22(68.8) 4.04±3.15**# 高危组 21 3(14.3) 18(85.7) 4.78±3.22**## F — 27.08△ 6.90 P — < 0.01 < 0.01 MS组内 — — 5.567 NCCN-IPI组 低危组 13 12(92.3) 1(7.7) 2.01±0.34 低中危组 27 20(74.1) 7(25.9) 2.26±0.76 高中危组 44 15(34.1) 29(65.9) 3.63±2.66# 高危组 18 2(11.1) 16(88.9) 5.27±3.55**##▲ F — 30.80△ 7.65 P — < 0.01 < 0.01 MS组内 — — 5.458 △示χ2值;与低危组比较*P < 0.05,** P < 0.01;与低中危组比较#P < 0.05,##P < 0.01;与高中危组比较▲P < 0.05 表 2 各预后分组的logistic回归分析
变量 分组 β SE Wald P OR (95%CI) β2微球蛋白 IPI组 2.065 0.663 9.710 < 0.01 7.886(2.151-28.903) 水平升高 NCCN-IPI组 2.319 0.782 8.802 < 0.01 10.162(2.197-47.015 5) -
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