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剥脱综合征(exfoliation syndrome,XFS)是一种与年龄相关的全身性疾病,常以细胞外基质中剥脱物质异常聚集为主要病理生理特征[1]。此疾病可累及全身多个脏器,如眼、皮肤、心脑血管、肝脏、肺等,其中眼为其主要受累器官[2]。XFS一般具有较高的青光眼发生率,GAYATHRI等[3]发现约1/4的XFS病人可产生眼内压增高等并发症,而其中大概1/3的病人最终可能会发展成剥脱性综合征性青光眼(exfoliation glaucoma, XFG)。XFG被认为是XFS疾病的重要演进过程[3-4]。其临床特征性主要表现为眼球小梁周围蓄积了剥脱物质、脱落的色素,引起房水流出通道受阻,使眼压增高和视神经受压,最后导致继发性青光眼的发生,严重者可发展为失明[4]。XFG与原发性开角型青光眼相比,具有难以控制的高眼压、视野迅速进行性损害、药物治疗效果差的特点[5],严重降低了病人的生活质量,导致极高的致盲率。
XFG具有复杂的发病机制,容易受到生活环境等多种因素的影响,有一定的遗传倾向,并且具有明显的地域、特定种族的聚集性特征[3]。近年来,关于XFG的遗传学研究进展为揭示该疾病的分子机制奠定了坚实的基础,关于类赖氨酰氧化酶1(lysyl oxidase-like 1,LOXL1)多态性与XFG发病风险的相关性研究陆续在北美、亚洲、欧洲等不同地域的人群中均有报道[6]。DE JUAN-MARCOS等[7]报道显示,LOXL1的T等位基因与XFG的发生在高加索人种中呈现出负相关性,但我国学者MAYINU等[8]认为,携带等位基因C的人群患XFG风险明显低于携带等位基因T的人群。目前尚无研究证实LOXL1基因rs2165241位点多态性与XFG易感性是否存在相关性目前,因此本研究旨在通过Meta分析,探讨LOXL1基因rs2165241位点是否和XFG的发病风险具有相关性。
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设定检索词,通过计算机初检到相关文献146篇,按照既定标准逐层筛选剔除后,最终纳入19篇文献[7-8, 10-26],均为病例-对照研究。其中关于高加索人种文献11篇[7, 10-11, 14-15, 17, 20-21, 24-26],亚洲人种文献8篇[8, 12-13, 16, 18-19, 22-23]。这其中病例组人数2 422例,对照组人数3 549例。遵循相关基因报道声明评价的原则对纳入的研究进行质量评估,纳入的每篇文献质量评分均>3分,质量高。本研究文献筛选流程图见图 1,各个纳入研究的基本资料特征及基因频率分布情况见表 1。
第一作者 发表时间 地区 人种 XFG组 对照组 XFG组 对照组 质量分数 TT TC CC TT TC CC WE* DE JUAN-MARCOS L[7] 2016 Spain Caucasians 40 90 2 14 24 28 38 24 0.345 5 MAYINU[8] 2011 China Asians 64 127 22 28 14 10 42 75 0.504 5 ASFUROGLU M[10] 2017 Turkey Caucasians 64 47 39 25 0 9 31 7 0.088 6 ALVAREZ L[11] 2015 Spain Caucasians 105 200 70 29 6 41 104 55 0.816 6 DUBEY SK[12] 2014 India Asians 150 224 42 64 44 14 88 122 0.939 5 PARK DY[13] 2013 Korea Asians 101 115 0 2 99 1 13 101 0.737 5 JAIMES M[14] 2012 Mexico Caucasians 102 97 51 43 8 27 44 26 0.659 5 WOLF C[15] 2010 Germany Caucasians 101 280 60 38 3 70 135 75 0.839 6 SAGONG M[16] 2011 Korea Asians 61 146 1 1 59 3 21 122 0.225 6 LEMMELA S[17] 2009 Finland Caucasians 140 316 76 53 11 65 166 85 0.622 6 CHEN L[18] 2009 China Asians 50 125 0 2 48 0 25 100 0.462 5 OZAKI M[19] 2008 Japan Asians 209 172 2 3 204 3 29 140 0.596 5 CHALLA P[20] 2008 US Caucasians 50 235 29 17 4 76 114 45 0.982 5 YANG X[21] 2008 US Caucasians 62 170 51 9 2 49 81 40 0.846 6 TANITO M[22] 2008 Japan Asians 142 251 0 2 140 5 47 199 0.542 5 FUSE N[23] 2008 Japan Asians 56 138 0 2 54 0 16 122 0.770 5 ARAGON-MARTIN JA[2] 2008 US and Europ Caucasians 284 328 149 119 16 60 174 94 0.422 5 PASUTTO F[25] 2008 Germany and Italy Caucasians 441 408 272 143 26 104 187 117 0.250 6 FAN BJ[26] 2008 US Caucasians 200 80 116 72 12 20 33 27 0.321 5 *示Hardy-Weinberg的P值 表 1 各纳入文献的基本资料特征及基因频率分布情况
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本研究共纳入19篇文献,在隐性基因模型当中,异质性检验后提示各研究间具有异质性(I2=71.8%,P<0.01),故采用随机效应模型进行数据合并分析,结果显示,对总体人群来说,LOXL1基因rs2165241位点多态性与XFG易感性的关联具有统计学意义(TT vs.TC+CC:OR=3.87,95%CI=2.83~5.29, P < 0.01),表明等位基因T与XFG的易感性相关(见图 2)。各个基因组比较结果详见表 2。
人群 纳入研究数目 XFG组 对照组 TT+TC vs.CC OR(95% CI) P TT vs.TC+CC
OR(95% CI)P TT vs.CCOR
(95%CI)P TC vs.CC
OR(95% CI)P T vs.C
OR(95% CI)P 总体 19 2 422 3 549 1.63(0.83~3.23) > 0.05 3.87(2.83~5.29) < 0.01 5.62(3.15~10.03) < 0.01 1.15(0.64~2.07) > 0.05 1.56(1.06~2.28) < 0.05 亚组分析 亚洲人 8 833 1 298 0.34(0.09~1.32) > 0.05 1.74(0.58~5.17) > 0.05 1.62(0.40~6.57) > 0.05 0.29(0.08~1.04) > 0.05 0.37(0.12~1.20) > 0.05 高加索人 11 1 589 2 251 4.59(2.42~8.73) < 0.01 4.25(3.07~5.88) < 0.01 8.37(4.41~15.89) < 0.01 2.69(1.68~4.31) < 0.01 2.94(2.12~4.08) < 0.01 表 2 各个基因组比较结果
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此19项研究分成2个亚组(亚洲人群和高加索人群)分别进行分析,并进行异质性检测。隐性基因模型的结果显示,涉及亚洲人群的8项研究中各项研究间存在异质性(I2=69.2%,P < 0.01),故采用随机效应模型,分析结果为,亚洲人群的LOXL1基因rs2165241位点多态性与XFG发病风险之间无统计学关联性(TT vs.TC+CC:OR=1.74,95%CI=0.58~5.17, P>0.05);对高加索人群来说,11项研究异质性检验后显示,各项研究结果间存在统计学异质性(I2=75.2%,P < 0.01),故采用随机效应模型分析,结果为高加索人群的LOXL1基因rs2165241位点多态性会导致XFG易感性(TT vs.TC+CC:OR=4.25, 95%CI=3.07~5.88, P < 0.01)增加。
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本研究运用Stata11.0软件相关的Egger′s检验及Begg′s检验进行本项研究的发表偏倚分析,结果提示未见明显发表偏倚,Begg′s检验见图 3,Egger′s检验t=-1.82, P>0.05。对所纳入的每篇文献逐一删除后进行敏感性分析,结果见图 4,每篇文献剔除后,对总结果及亚组分析结果影响变动不大,说明纳入的研究不存在明显的异质性。
LOXL1基因rs2165241位点多态性与剥脱综合征性青光眼易感性关系的Meta分析
Meta analysis of the relationship between polymorphism of LOXL1 gene RS2165241 and susceptibility of stripping syndrome glaucoma
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摘要:
目的探讨类赖氨酰氧化酶1(LOXL1)基因rs2165241位点多态性与剥脱综合征性青光眼(exfoliation syndrome,XFG)的发病风险的相关性。 方法全面检索Web of science、Embase、PubMed、CNKI、万方数据库,查找关于LOXL1基因rs2165241位点多态性与XFG易感性关系的病例对照研究,检索时限为建库至2019年8月。由2名研究者根据纳入和排除标准提取相关资料后,运用Stata 10.0软件进行Meta分析。 结果最终纳入19篇文献,19个研究,包括XFG组病人2422例,健康对照组3 549例,经异质性分析,提示各研究间有一定的异质性(P < 0.1),运用随机效应对数据进行Meta分析,结果显示,在总体人群之中,LOXL1基因rs2165241位点多态性与XFG存在一定易感性(TT vs.TC+CC:OR=3.87,95%CI=2.83~5.29,P < 0.01)。对总体数据进行亚组分析,结果显示:在亚洲人群中,LOXL1基因rs2165241位点多态性与XFG发病风险无统计学关联性(TT vs.TC+CC:OR=1.74,95%CI=0.58~5.17,P>0.05);在高加索人群中,LOXL1基因rs2165241位点多态性可增加XFG的易感性(TT vs.TC+CC:OR=4.25,95%CI=3.07~5.88,P < 0.01)。 结论LOXL1基因rs2165241位点多态性与XFG易感性相关,等位基因T可能与会增高患XFG的风险,特别是在高加索人群中。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the association between the Lysyl oxidase like 1(LOXL1)gene polymorphism(rs2165241)and exfoliation syndrome glaucoma(XFG). MethodsThe Web of science, Embase, PubMed, CNKI and WanFang websites were searched to look for the association between the LOXL1 gene polymorphism(rs2165241)and XFG.The retrieval time was from the time of databases' establishment to August 2019.The relevant data were extracted by two researchers according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and Meta analyzed using Stata 10.0 software. ResultsNineteen literatures and 19 studies were included, which was divided into the XFG group(2 422 cases)and healthy control group(3 549 cases).The results of heterogeneity analysis showed that there was some heterogeneity among studies(P < 0.1).The results of Meta analysis of random effects showed that the LOXL1 gene rs2165241 polymorphism was susceptible to XFG in the general population(TT vs.TC+CC:OR=3.87, 95%CI=2.83-5.29, P < 0.01).The results of subgroup analysis of the overall data showed that there was not statistical correlation between the polymorphism of LOXL1 gene rs2165241 and risk of XFG in Asian population(TT vs.TC+CC:OR=1.74, 95%CI=0.58-5.17, P>0.05), and the polymorphism of LOXL1 gene RS2165241 increased the susceptibility to XFG in Caucasian populations(TT vs.TC+CC:OR=4.25, 95%CI=3.07-5.88, P < 0.01). ConclusionsThe LOXL1 gene polymorphism(rs2165241)is associated with XFG susceptibility, and the allele T may increase the risk of XFG, especially in Caucasian populations. -
Key words:
- lysyl oxidase like 1 /
- polymorphism /
- exfoliation syndrome /
- glaucoma /
- Meta analysis
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表 1 各纳入文献的基本资料特征及基因频率分布情况
第一作者 发表时间 地区 人种 XFG组 对照组 XFG组 对照组 质量分数 TT TC CC TT TC CC WE* DE JUAN-MARCOS L[7] 2016 Spain Caucasians 40 90 2 14 24 28 38 24 0.345 5 MAYINU[8] 2011 China Asians 64 127 22 28 14 10 42 75 0.504 5 ASFUROGLU M[10] 2017 Turkey Caucasians 64 47 39 25 0 9 31 7 0.088 6 ALVAREZ L[11] 2015 Spain Caucasians 105 200 70 29 6 41 104 55 0.816 6 DUBEY SK[12] 2014 India Asians 150 224 42 64 44 14 88 122 0.939 5 PARK DY[13] 2013 Korea Asians 101 115 0 2 99 1 13 101 0.737 5 JAIMES M[14] 2012 Mexico Caucasians 102 97 51 43 8 27 44 26 0.659 5 WOLF C[15] 2010 Germany Caucasians 101 280 60 38 3 70 135 75 0.839 6 SAGONG M[16] 2011 Korea Asians 61 146 1 1 59 3 21 122 0.225 6 LEMMELA S[17] 2009 Finland Caucasians 140 316 76 53 11 65 166 85 0.622 6 CHEN L[18] 2009 China Asians 50 125 0 2 48 0 25 100 0.462 5 OZAKI M[19] 2008 Japan Asians 209 172 2 3 204 3 29 140 0.596 5 CHALLA P[20] 2008 US Caucasians 50 235 29 17 4 76 114 45 0.982 5 YANG X[21] 2008 US Caucasians 62 170 51 9 2 49 81 40 0.846 6 TANITO M[22] 2008 Japan Asians 142 251 0 2 140 5 47 199 0.542 5 FUSE N[23] 2008 Japan Asians 56 138 0 2 54 0 16 122 0.770 5 ARAGON-MARTIN JA[2] 2008 US and Europ Caucasians 284 328 149 119 16 60 174 94 0.422 5 PASUTTO F[25] 2008 Germany and Italy Caucasians 441 408 272 143 26 104 187 117 0.250 6 FAN BJ[26] 2008 US Caucasians 200 80 116 72 12 20 33 27 0.321 5 *示Hardy-Weinberg的P值 表 2 各个基因组比较结果
人群 纳入研究数目 XFG组 对照组 TT+TC vs.CC OR(95% CI) P TT vs.TC+CC
OR(95% CI)P TT vs.CCOR
(95%CI)P TC vs.CC
OR(95% CI)P T vs.C
OR(95% CI)P 总体 19 2 422 3 549 1.63(0.83~3.23) > 0.05 3.87(2.83~5.29) < 0.01 5.62(3.15~10.03) < 0.01 1.15(0.64~2.07) > 0.05 1.56(1.06~2.28) < 0.05 亚组分析 亚洲人 8 833 1 298 0.34(0.09~1.32) > 0.05 1.74(0.58~5.17) > 0.05 1.62(0.40~6.57) > 0.05 0.29(0.08~1.04) > 0.05 0.37(0.12~1.20) > 0.05 高加索人 11 1 589 2 251 4.59(2.42~8.73) < 0.01 4.25(3.07~5.88) < 0.01 8.37(4.41~15.89) < 0.01 2.69(1.68~4.31) < 0.01 2.94(2.12~4.08) < 0.01 -
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