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外科ICU病人病情常较严重,为改善病人预后,常需要实施液体复苏治疗[1]。研究[2-3]显示,合理的液体复苏治疗可有效保护ICU病人器官功能,对改善病人预后具有较积极的影响;而不合理的液体复苏治疗不仅不利于病人病情恢复,还可在一定程度上增加病人术后并发症发生率,对病人预后不利,因此,在对病人实施液体复苏治疗前,对病人容量反应性进行准确评估尤为关键。临床实践[4-6]表明,经食道超声测量主动脉峰流速正压通气变异率、无创超声测量下腔静脉随正压通气塌陷指数等可对病人容量反应性进行评估,但上述方法存在一定的局限性,且对操作者的要求较高,易受到病人肥胖、肺气肿等因素的影响,对因腹部手术、腹腔高压等原因导致的ICU病人不适用。而床旁超声监测颈总动脉峰流速周期性变异率(ΔVpeak-CCA)为无创操作,且操作较简单,但目前临床对于其在ICU病人容量反应性评估的可行性方面仍然存在一定争议[7-8]。我们对床旁超声监测ΔVpeak-CCA用于评估外科ICU病人容量状态的效果及可行性作一探讨。
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2组病人扩容前后SV差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);反应组病人ΔSV、ΔVpeak-CCA均明显高于无反应组(P < 0.01),Vpeak-max、Vpeak-min均低于无反应组(P < 0.05)(见表 1)。
分组 n SV/mL ΔSV/% Vpeak-max/(mm/s) Vpeak-min/(mm/s) ΔVpeak-CCA/% 扩容前 扩容后 反应组 28 49.24±6.61 65.39±7.36 19.36±4.61 74.24±20.58 63.12±18.79 12.98±2.03 无反应组 22 52.48±4.56 66.56±4.62 8.24±3.65 85.56±14.63 73.24±15.32 8.36±2.59 t — 1.96 0.65 9.26 2.18 2.05 7.08 P — >0.05 >0.05 < 0.01 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.01 表 1 2组病人容量反应性指标比较(x±s)
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Pearson相关分析显示,病人ΔSV与ΔVpeak-CCA呈正相关关系(r=0.862,P < 0.05)(见图 1)。
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ΔVpeak-CCA的ROC曲线下面积为0.846,其诊断准确性较高(见图 2)。结合约登指数,ΔVpeak-CCA的诊断阈值为12.36%,敏感度为93.48%,特异度为81.09%。
床旁超声监测颈总动脉峰流速随正压通气的周期性变异率评估外科ICU病人容量状态的可行性
Feasibility of bedside ultrasound monitoring the periodic variation rate of peak velocity of common carotid artery with positive pressure ventilation in the evaluation of the volume status of surgical ICU patients
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摘要:
目的探讨床旁超声监测颈总动脉峰流速随正压通气的周期性变异率(ΔVpeak-CCA)用于评估外科ICU病人容量状态的效果及可行性。 方法随机抽取实施机械通气治疗的外科ICU病人50例为观察对象,对所有病人实施容量负荷试验,根据评估容量反应性金标准每搏量增加值(ΔSV)分为反应组28例(补液扩容有反应,ΔSV≥15%)和无反应组22例(补液扩容无反应,ΔSV < 15%)。对所有病人实施床旁超声监测,比较2组病人ΔVpeak-CCA,并分析ΔVpeak-CCA与ΔSV的相关性。 结果2组病人扩容前后每搏输出量差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);反应组病人ΔSV、ΔVpeak-CCA均明显高于无反应组(P < 0.01),一个呼吸周期内颈总动脉峰流速的最大值、最小值均低于无反应组(P < 0.05)。外科ICU病人ΔSV与ΔVpeak-CCA呈正相关关系(r=0.862,P < 0.05)。ΔVpeak-CCA的ROC曲线下面积为0.846,ΔVpeak-CCA的诊断阈值为12.36%,敏感度为93.48%,特异度为81.09%。 结论床旁超声监测ΔVpeak-CCA应用于外科ICU病人容量状态评估具有较好的准确性,可为临床准确分析病人病情提供依据,值得推广。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the effects and feasibility of bedside ultrasound monitoring the periodic variation rate of peak velocity of common carotid artery with positive pressure ventilation in evaluating the volume status of surgical ICU patients. MethodsThe capacity load in 50 surgical ICU patients treated with mechanical ventilation was tested.According to the added value of stroke volume(ΔSV)of the gold standard for assessing volumetric reactivity, the patients were divided into the reaction group(28 cases, rehydration capacity, ΔSV ≥15%)and non-reaction group(22 cases, rehydration capacity without reaction, ΔSV < 15%).All patients were monitored using bedside ultrasound, the periodic variation rate of peak velocity of common carotid artery(ΔVpeak-CCA)was compared between two groups, and the correlation between ΔVpeak-CCA and ΔSV was analyzed. ResultsThere was no statistical significance in SV between two groups before and after the expansion(P>0.05), the ΔSV and ΔVpeak-CCA in reaction group were significantly higher than those in non-reaction group(P < 0.05), and the Vpeak-max and Vpeak-min in reaction group were lower than those in non-reaction group(P < 0.05).The ΔSV of surgical ICU patients was positively correlated with the ΔVpeak-CCA(r=0.862, P < 0.05).The area under the ΔVpeak-CCA ROC curve was 0.846, the diagnostic threshold of ΔVpeak-CCA was 12.36%, the sensitivity was 93.48%, and the specificity was 81.09%. ConclusionsThe bedside ultrasound monitoring the periodic variation rate of peak velocity of common carotid artery with positive pressure ventilation in evaluating the volume status of surgical ICU patients is effective and feasible.It can provide a basis for physicians to analyze the patients' condition, and is worthy of popularization. -
表 1 2组病人容量反应性指标比较(x±s)
分组 n SV/mL ΔSV/% Vpeak-max/(mm/s) Vpeak-min/(mm/s) ΔVpeak-CCA/% 扩容前 扩容后 反应组 28 49.24±6.61 65.39±7.36 19.36±4.61 74.24±20.58 63.12±18.79 12.98±2.03 无反应组 22 52.48±4.56 66.56±4.62 8.24±3.65 85.56±14.63 73.24±15.32 8.36±2.59 t — 1.96 0.65 9.26 2.18 2.05 7.08 P — >0.05 >0.05 < 0.01 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.01 -
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