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垂体瘤是一组从垂体前叶和后叶及颅咽管上皮残余细胞发生的肿瘤。其发病率约占颅内肿瘤的10%,男性略多于女性[1]。垂体瘤通常发生于青壮年时期,严重影响病人的生长发育、生育功能、学习、工作等能力。临床表现为激素分泌异常、肿瘤压迫垂体周围组织、垂体卒中及其他垂体前叶功能减退等症状[2-3]。目前,经鼻蝶入路垂体瘤切除术是治疗垂体瘤的主要方法,但垂体瘤毗邻一些重要结构,术后易出现尿崩症、视力障碍加重、脑神经麻痹、中枢神经受损等并发症,故该手术难度较大,安全性较低[4]。由于病人术前使用口腔腺体阻滞剂,术中麻醉插管、失血失液,术后需堵塞鼻孔,长时间用口呼吸,导致大部分病人出现口渴难耐、口咽干燥、咽喉部疼痛、口腔有异味等现象,大大降低其口腔舒适度[5-6]。为探究早期饮水干预应用于垂体瘤切除术后病人舒适度及安全性的效果,本研究将早期饮水干预应用于观察组并探究2组术后6 h后不良反应发生率、口腔舒适度和呼吸、心率、血压、脉搏血氧饱和度情况,比较2组干预效果。现作报道。
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2组术后6 h不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 1)。
分组 n 恶心 呕吐 误吸 对照组 60 12(20.00) 8(13.33) 2(3.33) 观察组 60 8(13.33) 4(6.67) 0(0) χ2 — 0.96 1.48 0.51 P — >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 表 1 2组术后6 h不良反应发生率比较[n; 百分率(%)]
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2组咽喉疼痛评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组口渴、口咽干燥评分明显低于对照组(P < 0.01),口腔pH值明显高于对照组(P < 0.01)(见表 2)。
分组 n 口渴 咽喉疼痛 口咽干燥 口腔pH值 对照组 60 5.04±1.37 4.03±0.91 7.12±1.89 6.45±0.23 观察组 60 1.78±0.67 3.98±0.76 2.73±0.72 6.81±0.18 t — 16.56 0.33 16.81 9.55 P — < 0.01 >0.05 < 0.01 < 0.01 表 2 2组术后6 h口腔舒适度比较(x±s;分)
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观察组术后6 h呼吸、心率、收缩压、脉搏血氧饱和度与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组舒张压明显高于对照组(P < 0.01)(见表 3)。
分组 n 呼吸/(次/分) 心率/(次/分) 舒张压/mmHg 收缩压/mmHg 脉搏血氧饱和度 对照组 60 18.35±2.89 81.35±9.39 70.15±6.85 121.55±12.83 0.98±0.13 观察组 60 17.68±2.15 78.96±7.86 74.28±7.36 121.64±10.63 1.01±0.12 t — 1.44 1.51 3.18 0.03 0.93 P — >0.05 >0.05 < 0.01 >0.05 >0.05 表 3 2组术后6 h呼吸、心率、血压、脉搏血氧饱和度情况比较(x±s;分)
早期饮水对改善垂体瘤切除术后病人舒适度及安全性的效果分析
Effect of early drinking water on improving comfort and safety of patients after pituitary adenoma resection
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摘要:
目的探究早期饮水干预对垂体瘤切除术后病人舒适度及安全性的效果分析。 方法选取2017-2018年收治的垂体瘤病人120例,随机分为2组,各60例。对照组进行常规禁饮6h,观察组在术后清醒1h后适量饮水。观察2组术后6h后不良反应发生率、口腔舒适度和呼吸、心率、血压、脉搏血氧饱和度情况。 结果观察组术后6h不良反应发生率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组术后6h咽喉疼痛评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组口渴、口咽干燥评分明显低于对照组(P < 0.01),口腔pH值明显高于对照组(P < 0.01);观察组术后6h呼吸、心率、收缩压、脉搏血氧饱和度与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组舒张压明显高于对照组(P < 0.01)。 结论早期饮水干预应用于垂体瘤切除术后病人安全可靠,能有效提高其口腔舒适度,值得推广。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo explore the effects of early drinking water intervention on comfort and safety of patients after pituitary adenoma resection. MethodsOne hundred and twenty patients with pituitary adenoma from January 2017 to December 2018 were randomly divided into the control group and observation group(60 cases in each group).The control group was forbidden to drink for 6 hours, while the observation group was given adequate water after 1 hour of awakening.The incidence rate of adverse reactions, oral comfort, breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, pulse and oxygen saturation in two groups were observed after 6 hours of operation. ResultsAfter 6 hours of operation, there was no statistical significance in the incidence rate of adverse reactions and score of sore throat between two groups (P>0.05).The scores of thirst and oropharyngeal dryness in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group(P < 0.01), and the pH value of oral cavity in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group(P < 0.01).There was no statistical significances in the respiration, heart rate, systolic blood pressure and pulse oxygen saturation between two groups after 6 h of operation(P>0.05), and the diastolic blood pressure in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group(P < 0.01). ConclusionsEarly drinking water intervention in patients treated with pituitary adenoma resection is safe and reliable, and can effectively improve the oral comfort, which is worthy of promotion. -
Key words:
- pituitary neoplasms /
- drinking water /
- comfort /
- safety
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表 1 2组术后6 h不良反应发生率比较[n; 百分率(%)]
分组 n 恶心 呕吐 误吸 对照组 60 12(20.00) 8(13.33) 2(3.33) 观察组 60 8(13.33) 4(6.67) 0(0) χ2 — 0.96 1.48 0.51 P — >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 表 2 2组术后6 h口腔舒适度比较(x±s;分)
分组 n 口渴 咽喉疼痛 口咽干燥 口腔pH值 对照组 60 5.04±1.37 4.03±0.91 7.12±1.89 6.45±0.23 观察组 60 1.78±0.67 3.98±0.76 2.73±0.72 6.81±0.18 t — 16.56 0.33 16.81 9.55 P — < 0.01 >0.05 < 0.01 < 0.01 表 3 2组术后6 h呼吸、心率、血压、脉搏血氧饱和度情况比较(x±s;分)
分组 n 呼吸/(次/分) 心率/(次/分) 舒张压/mmHg 收缩压/mmHg 脉搏血氧饱和度 对照组 60 18.35±2.89 81.35±9.39 70.15±6.85 121.55±12.83 0.98±0.13 观察组 60 17.68±2.15 78.96±7.86 74.28±7.36 121.64±10.63 1.01±0.12 t — 1.44 1.51 3.18 0.03 0.93 P — >0.05 >0.05 < 0.01 >0.05 >0.05 -
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