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吗啡镇痛耐受是指吗啡的镇痛效能进行性降低,只有不断加大使用剂量才能维持同等镇痛效果,其严重限制了吗啡在临床重度疼痛治疗中的应用。相关研究[1]证实,脊髓内小胶质细胞激活导致的神经炎性反应在吗啡镇痛耐受的形成中发挥重要作用。集落刺激因子1(colony-stimulating factor 1, CSF1)是一种对单核细胞的增殖、分化及维持活性发挥重要作用的细胞因子。研究[2]表明,使用CSF1受体(CSF1R)拮抗剂可以阻断小胶质细胞的激活。神经病理性疼痛的研究[3]发现,感觉神经元中CSF1缺失可以完全阻断神经损伤诱导的机械性痛觉过敏,并抑制小胶质细胞活化和增殖,相反,鞘内注射CSF1可以诱发机械性痛觉过敏和小胶质细胞增殖。但在吗啡耐受机制研究中对CSF1的研究仍较少,鉴于吗啡镇痛耐受和神经病理性疼痛有着许多相同的神经生物学机制,推测脊髓CSF1可能参与吗啡耐受过程。因此,本文通过鞘内连续注射吗啡建立吗啡镇痛耐受的在体模型[4],旨在探讨吗啡镇痛耐受形成过程中大鼠脊髓CSF1的表达变化,以及CSF1R拮抗剂是否能够抑制吗啡镇痛耐受的形成,以期为阐明脊髓CSF1在吗啡镇痛耐受中的作用提供实验资料。
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MOR组和MOR+PLX3397组在吗啡注射1 d时均产生最大镇痛作用(P < 0.05),2组%MPETFL和%MPEMWT差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。注射吗啡3 d时MOR组大鼠开始出现镇痛耐受,至7 d时形成明显耐受,MOR组%MPE进行性降低(P < 0.05)。MOR+PLX3397组大鼠接受吗啡注射后3、5、7 d时,与MOR组%MPE差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。PLX3397组与NS组各时点%MPE差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 1)。
分组 1 d 3 d 5 d 7 d F P MS组内 %MPETFL NS组 2.7±0.4 3.0±0.6 2.5±0.5□ 2.6±0.3 3.26 < 0.05 0.215 MOR组 88.3±4.6* 57.8±5.4*△ 35.7±6.5*△□ 22.1±3.3*△□■ 484.60 < 0.01 25.865 PLX3397组 2.5±0.2# 2.8±0.1#△ 2.6±0.3# 3.0±0.4#△■ 9.83 < 0.01 0.075 MOR+PLX3397组 89.1±5.5*▲ 69.3±4.4*#▲△ 54.7±6.6*#▲△□ 43.8±4.5*#▲△□■ 203.21 < 0.01 28.355 F 2 872.91 1 531.83 464.20 729.24 — — — P < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 — — — MS组内 12.903 12.223 21.538 7.848 — — — %MPEMWT NS组 2.1±0.6 2.8±0.3△ 2.5±0.5△ 3.1±0.4△■ 12.73 < 0.01 0.215 MOR组 91.1±4.4* 54.8±5.6*△ 38.2±3.1*△□ 18.9±4.8*△□■ 675.65 < 0.01 20.843 PLX3397组 1.5±0.4# 2.2±0.3△ 2.4±0.5△ 2.8±0.2△□■ 32.87 < 0.01 0.135 MOR+PLX3397组 92.2±5.5*▲ 70.3±6.8▲△ 59.1±6.1▲△□ 42.6±4.6▲△□■ 192.81 < 0.01 33.715 F 3 221.15 64.01 66.30 31.64 — — — P < 0.01 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 — — — MS组内 12.533 18.669 11.746 5.269 — — — q检验:与NS组比较*P < 0.05;与MOR组比较#P < 0.05;与PLX3397组比较▲P < 0.05;与1 d比较△P < 0.05;与3 d比较□P < 0.05;与5 d比较■P < 0.058 表 1 4组大鼠鞘内注射给药后不同时点%MPETFL和%MPEMWT比较(n=15;x±s;%)
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注射吗啡7 d后,MOR组小胶质细胞标志物IBA-1在大鼠腰段脊髓背角表达较NS组增加(P < 0.05),MOR+PLX3397组大鼠IBA-1表达较MOR组减少(P < 0.05),NS组与PLX3397组大鼠腰段脊髓背角IBA-1表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 2)。
分组 IBA-1阳性细胞数 NS组 4.5±1.1 MOR组 12.5±2.1* PLX3397组 4.1±1.6# MOR+PLX3397组 5.2±1.8#▲ F 16.612 P < 0.01 MS组内 2.855 q检验:与NS组比较*P < 0.05;与MOR组比较#P < 0.05;与PLX3397组比较▲P < 0.05 表 2 4组大鼠IBA-1阳性细胞比较(n=3;x±s)
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注射吗啡7 d后,MOR组和MOR+PLX3397组大鼠腰段脊髓CSF1表达均较NS组增加(P < 0.05),MOR组和MOR+PLX3397组CSF1表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),NS组与PLX3397组CSF1表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 3)。
分组 相对表达量 NS组 0.21±0.04 MOR组 0.85±0.12* PLX3397组 0.18±0.05# MOR+PLX3397组 0.81±0.08*▲ F 86.63 P < 0.01 MS组内 0.006 q检验:与NS组比较*P < 0.05;与MOR组比较#P < 0.05;与PLX3397组比较▲P < 0.05 表 3 4组大鼠脊髓CSF1蛋白表达比较(n=4;x±s)
脊髓集落刺激因子1在大鼠吗啡镇痛耐受中的作用
Role of spinal colony-stimulating factor 1 in rats in morphine tolerance to analgesia
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摘要:
目的观察脊髓集落刺激因子1(CSF1)在大鼠吗啡镇痛耐受过程中的作用。 方法成功鞘内置管SD大鼠随机分为0.9%氯化钠溶液组(NS组)、吗啡组(MOR组)、CSF1R抑制剂组(PLX3397组)、CSF1R抑制剂+吗啡组(PLX3397+MOR组),各15只。MOR组和PLX3397+MOR组连续7 d鞘内注射吗啡15 μg建立吗啡耐受动物模型,PLX3397+MOR组同时灌胃给予CSF1R抑制剂PLX3397(290 mg/kg);NS组鞘内注射及灌胃给予0.9%氯化钠溶液,PLX3397组鞘内注射0.9%氯化钠溶液,灌胃给予CSF1R抑制剂PLX3397。采用50 ℃热水甩尾潜伏期法和机械反射阈值法观察CSF1在吗啡的镇痛耐受中作用;应用免疫组织荧光染色法检测脊髓背角小胶质细胞激活标志物IBA1表达变化;Western blotting法检测吗啡对腰段脊髓CSF1表达的影响。 结果连续7 d鞘内注射吗啡,MOR组大鼠最大镇痛效应百分率(percent of maximal possible potential effect,%MPE)进行性降低(P < 0.05);而与MOR组比较,PLX3397+MOR组大鼠注射吗啡3、5、7 d时%MPE均增加(P < 0.05);PLX3397组与NS组各时点%MPE差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。注射吗啡7 d后,MOR组小胶质细胞标志物IBA-1在大鼠腰段脊髓背角表达较NS组增加(P < 0.05),MOR+PLX3397组大鼠IBA-1表达较MOR组减少(P < 0.05);MOR组和MOR+PLX3397组大鼠腰段脊髓CSF1表达均较NS组增加(P < 0.05),2组CSF1表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论脊髓CSF1参与吗啡耐受形成,抑制脊髓CSF1表达可能为临床治疗吗啡镇痛耐受提供一种新的作用靶点。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the role of spinal colony-stimulating factor 1(CSF1) in morphine tolerance to analgesia. MethodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats with successful intrathecal catheter were randomly divided into four groups(n=15): 0.9% sodium chloride solution group(NS), morphine group(MOR), CSF1R inhibitor PLX3397 group(PLX3397) and morphine plus PLX3397 group(MOR+ PLX3397).A morphine tolerance model of rats was induced by intrathecal injection of 15 μg morphine once daily for 7 consecutive days in MOR and MOR+PLX3397 group.PLX3397 was administered intragastrically in PLX3397 and MOR+PLX3397 group, 0.9% sodium chloride solution was administered intrathecally in NS and PLX3397 group.The role of CSF1 on morphine antinociceptive tolerance was explored by %MPETFL and %MPEMWT.Immunohistochemistry assay was applied to detect the expression of IBA-1.Western blotting was used to evaluate the change of spinal CSF1 expression. ResultsIntrathecal injection of morphine for 7 days, %MPE in MOR group showed progressive decrease, while %MPE in MOR+PLX3397 group were significantly increased as compared with MOR group on day 3, 5, 7 after chronic morphine(P < 0.05);There was no significant difference in %MPE between PLX3397 and NS group(P>0.05).on day 7 after chronic morphine, the expression of IBA-1 in MOR group was significantly up-regulated as compared with NS group(P < 0.05), while the expression of IBA-1 in MOR+PLX3397 group was significantly down-regulated as compared with MOR group(P < 0.05);the expression of CSF1 in MOR and MOR+PLX3397 group was significantly up-regulated as compared with NS group(P < 0.05). ConclusionsCSF1 in the spinal cord can be involved in the development of tolerance to morphine-induced analgesia.Inhibition of CSF1 may provide a new therapeutic target for morphine tolerance to analgesia. -
Key words:
- morphine /
- tolerance to analgesia /
- colony-stimulating factor 1 /
- microglia
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表 1 4组大鼠鞘内注射给药后不同时点%MPETFL和%MPEMWT比较(n=15;x±s;%)
分组 1 d 3 d 5 d 7 d F P MS组内 %MPETFL NS组 2.7±0.4 3.0±0.6 2.5±0.5□ 2.6±0.3 3.26 < 0.05 0.215 MOR组 88.3±4.6* 57.8±5.4*△ 35.7±6.5*△□ 22.1±3.3*△□■ 484.60 < 0.01 25.865 PLX3397组 2.5±0.2# 2.8±0.1#△ 2.6±0.3# 3.0±0.4#△■ 9.83 < 0.01 0.075 MOR+PLX3397组 89.1±5.5*▲ 69.3±4.4*#▲△ 54.7±6.6*#▲△□ 43.8±4.5*#▲△□■ 203.21 < 0.01 28.355 F 2 872.91 1 531.83 464.20 729.24 — — — P < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 — — — MS组内 12.903 12.223 21.538 7.848 — — — %MPEMWT NS组 2.1±0.6 2.8±0.3△ 2.5±0.5△ 3.1±0.4△■ 12.73 < 0.01 0.215 MOR组 91.1±4.4* 54.8±5.6*△ 38.2±3.1*△□ 18.9±4.8*△□■ 675.65 < 0.01 20.843 PLX3397组 1.5±0.4# 2.2±0.3△ 2.4±0.5△ 2.8±0.2△□■ 32.87 < 0.01 0.135 MOR+PLX3397组 92.2±5.5*▲ 70.3±6.8▲△ 59.1±6.1▲△□ 42.6±4.6▲△□■ 192.81 < 0.01 33.715 F 3 221.15 64.01 66.30 31.64 — — — P < 0.01 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 — — — MS组内 12.533 18.669 11.746 5.269 — — — q检验:与NS组比较*P < 0.05;与MOR组比较#P < 0.05;与PLX3397组比较▲P < 0.05;与1 d比较△P < 0.05;与3 d比较□P < 0.05;与5 d比较■P < 0.058 表 2 4组大鼠IBA-1阳性细胞比较(n=3;x±s)
分组 IBA-1阳性细胞数 NS组 4.5±1.1 MOR组 12.5±2.1* PLX3397组 4.1±1.6# MOR+PLX3397组 5.2±1.8#▲ F 16.612 P < 0.01 MS组内 2.855 q检验:与NS组比较*P < 0.05;与MOR组比较#P < 0.05;与PLX3397组比较▲P < 0.05 表 3 4组大鼠脊髓CSF1蛋白表达比较(n=4;x±s)
分组 相对表达量 NS组 0.21±0.04 MOR组 0.85±0.12* PLX3397组 0.18±0.05# MOR+PLX3397组 0.81±0.08*▲ F 86.63 P < 0.01 MS组内 0.006 q检验:与NS组比较*P < 0.05;与MOR组比较#P < 0.05;与PLX3397组比较▲P < 0.05 -
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