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目前,乳腺癌已经成为世界上严重威胁女性生命健康的恶性肿瘤之一。乳腺癌发病原因并不明确,一般与病人的内分泌水平及遗传因素存在相关性,高发人群为40~60岁围绝经妇女,且于近年来呈现年轻化之趋[1-2]。临床循证研究[3]表明, 早诊断、早治疗是提高乳腺癌病人生存期的关键。目前,乳腺彩色多普勒超声和X线钼靶是乳腺癌早期普查和临床检测手段运用最多的方法,两种方法的检查结果在一定程度上对临床治疗及手术方式的选择起到了至关重要的影响。但由于乳腺癌病理分型具有复杂性及多样性,尤其针对早期乳腺癌,声像表现不典型,给诊断工作带来了困难[4-5]。本研究通过对太和县中医院拟行乳腺癌保乳术的病人进行了超声弹性成像技术联合钼靶X线检查方法诊断,克服了临床上单一超声和钼靶X线检查准率低的弊端。现作报道。
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结果显示,乳腺超声弹性成像联合钼靶X线对乳腺病灶的检出率和病理学结果浸润性导管癌检出率均高于单一乳腺超声弹性成像及单一乳腺钼靶X线的检出率,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05~P < 0.01);本次研究纳入的乳腺癌病人保乳术后腋窝淋巴结病理结果提示有41例转移,在腋窝淋巴结转移检出率方面,乳腺超声弹性成像联合钼靶X线检查在病灶检出率为70.73%,乳腺超声弹性成像检出率为60.98%,乳腺钼靶X线检出率为53.31%。联合检查的检出率高于单一乳腺超声弹性成像和单一钼靶X线的检出率,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 1)。
检测方法 病灶检出率/% 淋巴结检出率/% 病理结果/% 浸润性导管癌 浸润性小叶癌 导管内原位癌 乳腺超声弹性成像 83.33(70/84) 60.98(25/41) 82.05(32/39) 84.00(21/25) 85.00(17/20) 钼靶X线 78.57(66/84) 53.31(22/41) 76.92(30/39) 80.00(20/25) 80.00(16/20) 乳腺超声弹性成像联合钼靶X线 95.24(80/84)*△△ 70.73(29/41) 97.44(38/39)*△ 92.00(23/25) 95.00(19/20) χ2 10.11 2.55 7.16 1.59 2.26 P < 0.01 >0.05 < 0.05 >0.05 >0.05 注:与乳腺超声弹性成像组比较,*P < 0.05;与钼靶X线组比较比较,△P < 0.05, △△P < 0.01 表 1 3种检查方法的病灶、腋窝淋巴结检出率及病理结果比较
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术前行乳腺超声弹性成像联合钼靶X线检查,对是否可行保乳术的准确度高于超声弹性成像组(χ2=3.86,P < 0.05)和乳腺钼靶X线组(χ2=6.93, P < 0.01)(见表 2)。
分组 病理结果 可保乳 不可保乳 乳腺超声弹性成像 可保乳 51 14 不可保乳 7 12 钼靶X线 可保乳 41 15 不可保乳 10 18 乳腺超声弹性成像联合钼靶X线 可保乳 65 9 不可保乳 2 8 表 2 3种检查方法对病人是否可行保乳术的评估比较(n)
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病人,女,43岁,行右侧乳腺癌保乳术,术后病理为浸润性导管癌,Ⅲ级。术前头足位钼靶,肿块边界尚清,BI-RADS 4a(见图 1); 术前二维超声图,显示一边界清晰的低回声肿块,内部回声不均匀(见图 2); 术前超声弹性图,显示肿块弹性成像特点为红绿混合,以绿色为主的表现,评分3分(见图 3)。
超声弹性成像联合钼靶X线在乳腺癌手术中的应用研究
Study on the application value of ultrasound elastography combined with mammography in the breast cancer surgery
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摘要:
目的探讨超声弹性成像技术联合钼靶X线在乳腺癌保乳手术中的临床应用效果。 方法搜集因乳腺癌拟行保乳手术病人84例,术前评估均运用乳腺超声弹性成像技术和乳腺钼靶X线单独及联合检查。并在术后与病理结果作比较,明确乳腺超声弹性成像技术联合钼靶X线与单一超声和钼靶X线诊断对乳腺癌拟行保乳术前的影像学表现和准确度。 结果乳腺超声弹性成像联合钼靶X线的病灶检出率高于单一的乳腺超声弹性成像检测或单一的钼靶X线检查的病灶检出率(P < 0.05和P < 0.01);在腋窝淋巴结转移检出率方面,乳腺超声弹性成像联合钼靶X线检查在病灶检出率为70.73%,乳腺超声弹性成像检出率为60.98%,乳腺钼靶X线检出率为53.31%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在可行保乳术的准确度方面联合检查均高于单一的乳腺超声弹性成像和钼靶X线(P < 0.05)。 结论超声弹性成像和乳腺钼靶联合检查运用于乳腺癌保乳术更有助于提高疾病的准确率,为临床提供更多的参考价值。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical application value of ultrasound elastography combined with molybdenum target in the breast conserving surgery of breast cancer. MethodsEighty-four breast cancer patients scheduled by breast conserving surgery were detected using ultrasound elastography and mammography alone and in combination before operation.The imaging findings and accuracy of breast ultrasound elastography combined with mammography and mammography alone were determined by comparing with the postoperative pathological results. ResultsThe detection rate of breast lesions detected by ultrasound elastography combined with molybdenum target X-ray was significantly higher than that detected by ultrasound elastography alone and mammography alone(P < 0.05 and P < 0.01).The detection rates of axillary lymph node metastasis of ultrasound elastography, mammography and ultrasound elastography combined with mammography were 60.98%, 53.31% and 70.73%, respectively, but the difference of which was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The ultrasound elastography combined with mammography in evaluating the feasibility of breast conserving surgery was more accurate than the other two methods(P < 0.05). ConclusionsThe application of ultrasound elastography combined with mammography in breast conserving surgery is more helpful to improve the accuracy of the disease, and provide more reference value for clinical practice. -
Key words:
- breast neoplasms /
- breast conserving therapy /
- ultrasound elastography /
- mammography
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表 1 3种检查方法的病灶、腋窝淋巴结检出率及病理结果比较
检测方法 病灶检出率/% 淋巴结检出率/% 病理结果/% 浸润性导管癌 浸润性小叶癌 导管内原位癌 乳腺超声弹性成像 83.33(70/84) 60.98(25/41) 82.05(32/39) 84.00(21/25) 85.00(17/20) 钼靶X线 78.57(66/84) 53.31(22/41) 76.92(30/39) 80.00(20/25) 80.00(16/20) 乳腺超声弹性成像联合钼靶X线 95.24(80/84)*△△ 70.73(29/41) 97.44(38/39)*△ 92.00(23/25) 95.00(19/20) χ2 10.11 2.55 7.16 1.59 2.26 P < 0.01 >0.05 < 0.05 >0.05 >0.05 注:与乳腺超声弹性成像组比较,*P < 0.05;与钼靶X线组比较比较,△P < 0.05, △△P < 0.01 表 2 3种检查方法对病人是否可行保乳术的评估比较(n)
分组 病理结果 可保乳 不可保乳 乳腺超声弹性成像 可保乳 51 14 不可保乳 7 12 钼靶X线 可保乳 41 15 不可保乳 10 18 乳腺超声弹性成像联合钼靶X线 可保乳 65 9 不可保乳 2 8 -
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