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结直肠癌是我国常见恶性肿瘤疾病,近年来该病的发病率与死亡率呈现显著上升趋势[1]。研究[2]指出,结直肠癌早期若及时发现,病人可得到良好预后,5年内生存率超过90.00%。所以,早期的诊断是提高病人生命质量的关键。结直肠癌的治疗需要术前对病人疾病进行精准分期。目前临床中多采用超声内镜进行判断,其能够清楚地显示消化道管壁层次,准确判断病变处浸润深度[3]。研究[4]指出,内镜黏膜下剥离术(endoscopic submucosal dissection, ESD)应用于结直肠癌病人具有较高的治疗价值。本研究选取120例早期结直肠癌病人作为研究对象,旨在分析超声内镜及ESD对早期结直肠癌病人诊断及治疗的价值,以期为病人诊断及治疗提供数据及理论支持。现作报道。
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病理结果显示:共检出53例Tm期,42例Tsm1期,25例Tsm2期;超声内镜共检出结果显示:共检出Tm期51例,Tsm1期41例,Tsm2期28例。超声内镜对Tm期诊断敏感度90.57%,特异度95.52%,诊断符合率93.33%;Tsm1期诊断敏感度78.57%,特异度89.74%,诊断符合率85.83%;Tsm2期敏感度88.00%,特异度93.68%,敏感度92.50%;经Kappa一致性检验显示:超声内镜的Kappa系数达0.780(见表 1、2)。
超声内镜 病理结果 Tm Tsm1 Tsm2 Tm 48 3 — Tsm1 5 33 3 Tsm2 — 6 22 表 1 病理结果与超声内镜结果对不同结直肠癌的分期情况
分期 敏感度 特异度 阳性预测值 阴性预测值 假阳性率 假阴性率 诊断符合率 Tm 90.57 95.52 94.12 92.75 4.48 9.43 93.33 Tsm1 78.57 89.74 80.49 88.61 10.26 21.43 85.83 Tsm2 88.00 93.68 78.57 96.74 6.32 12.00 92.50 表 2 超声内镜对早期结直肠癌分期的诊断价值(%)
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根据病人病理分期进行分组,其中手术时间:Tm期 < Tsm1期 < Tsm2期(P < 0.01);病变直径在Tm期、Tsm1期、Tsm2期组间差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)(见表 3)。
分组 n 手术时间/min 病变直径 < 2 cm 病变直径≥2 cm Tm 53 41.33±8.55 48(90.57) 5(9.43) Tsm1 42 52.58±9.27** 26(61.90) 16(38.10) Tsm2 25 60.59±11.50**## 12(28.57) 13(71.43) F — 39.03 18.19△ P — < 0.01 < 0.01 MS组内 — 89.731 — q检验:与Tm比较,**P < 0.01,与Tsm1比较##P < 0.01;△示χ2值 表 3 3组病人手术时间、病变直径情况(x±s,n,%)
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不同分期病人各种并发症发生率及总发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 4)。发生并发症病人给予相应对症处理后均得到改善,未因此造成死亡等严重后果。
分组 n 术后出血 穿孔 感染 吻合口瘘 总发生率 Tm 53 3(5.66) 1(1.89) 1(1.89) 2(3.77) 7(13.21) Tsm1 42 2(4.76) 1(2.38) 1(2.38) 1(2.38) 5(11.9) Tsm2 25 1(4.00) 2(8.00) 1(4.00) 0(0.00) 4(16.00) χ2 — 0.11 2.15 0.32 1.00 0.23 P — >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 表 4 3组病人术后并发症发生情况[n;百分率(%)]
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120例病人均得到随访,无失访病人。随访结束后复查内镜结果,创面均预后良好,无局部复发病人。经腹部CT及胸平片检查,病人无淋巴结转移及远处脏器转移。
早期结直肠癌超声内镜检查及内镜黏膜下剥离术的临床价值
Clinical value of endoscopic ultrasonography and endoscopic submucosal dissection in early colorectal cancer
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摘要:
目的分析采用超声内镜检查对早期结直肠癌病人的诊断价值及内镜黏膜下剥离术(endoscopic submucosal dissection, ESD)的临床治疗效果。 方法回顾性分析2018年10月至2019年12月收治的早期结直肠癌病人120例临床资料,病人均接受超声内镜检查及ESD。以术后病理结果作为诊断金标准,分析超声内镜检查在早期结直肠癌病人中的诊断价值,并对ESD手术时间、病灶、病变直径及并发症发生情况随访情况进行记录。 结果病理结果显示:Tm期53例,Tsm1期42例,Tsm2期25例;超声内镜检出结果显示:Tm期51例,Tsm1期41例,Tsm2期28例。超声内镜对Tm期诊断敏感度90.57%,特异度95.52%,诊断符合率93.33%;Tsm1期诊断敏感度78.57%,特异度89.74%,诊断符合率85.83%;Tsm2期敏感度88.00%,特异度93.68%,符合率92.50%;经Kappa一致性检验显示:超声内镜的Kappa系数达0.780。根据病人病理分期进行分组,手术时间:Tm期 < Tsm1期 < Tsm2期(P < 0.01);病变直径在Tm期、Tsm1期、Tsm2期组间差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。不同分期病人各种并发症发生率及总发生率,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论超声内镜检查对早期结直肠癌病人临床疾病分期具有较高诊断价值。采用ESD治疗的早期结肠癌病人术后恢复均较好,但临床分期越高病人手术时间越长及病灶病变范围也越大。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo analyze the diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasonography in patients with early colorectal cancer and the clinical therapeutic effect of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD). MethodsThe clinical data of 120 patients with early-stage colorectal cancer admitted from October 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients received endoscopic ultrasonography and ESD.Taking postoperative pathological results as the diagnostic gold standard, the diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasonography in patients with early colorectal cancer was analyzed, and the ESD operation time, lesion, lesion diameter and complication follow-up were recorded. ResultsThe pathological results showed that 53 cases were in Tm stage, 42 cases were in Tsm1 stage, and 25 cases were in Tsm2 stage.The diagnostic sensitivity of endoscopic ultrasonography for Tm stage was 90.57%, the specificity was 95.52%, and the diagnostic coincidence rate was 93.33%;the diagnostic sensitivity of Tsm1 stage was 78.57%, the specificity was 89.74%, and the diagnostic coincidence rate was 85.83%;the sensitivity of Tsm2 stage was 88.00%, the specificity was 93.68%, and the coincidence rate was 92.50%, the Kappa consistency test showed that the Kappa coefficient of endoscopic ultrasonography was 0.780.The patients were grouped according to the pathological stage, and the operation time was as follows: Tm stage < Tsm1 stage < Tsm2 stage(P < 0.01);there were statistically significant differences in the diameter of lesions between the groups in Tm, Tsm1, and Tsm2 stages(P < 0.01).There was no significant difference in the incidence and total incidence of various complications in patients of different stages(P>0.05). ConclusionsEndoscopic ultrasonography has a high diagnostic value in the clinical stage of early colorectal cancer.Patients with early colon cancer treated with ESD have good postoperative recovery.However, the patients with a higher clinical stage have a longer operation time and a more extensive range of lesions. -
表 1 病理结果与超声内镜结果对不同结直肠癌的分期情况
超声内镜 病理结果 Tm Tsm1 Tsm2 Tm 48 3 — Tsm1 5 33 3 Tsm2 — 6 22 表 2 超声内镜对早期结直肠癌分期的诊断价值(%)
分期 敏感度 特异度 阳性预测值 阴性预测值 假阳性率 假阴性率 诊断符合率 Tm 90.57 95.52 94.12 92.75 4.48 9.43 93.33 Tsm1 78.57 89.74 80.49 88.61 10.26 21.43 85.83 Tsm2 88.00 93.68 78.57 96.74 6.32 12.00 92.50 表 3 3组病人手术时间、病变直径情况(x±s,n,%)
分组 n 手术时间/min 病变直径 < 2 cm 病变直径≥2 cm Tm 53 41.33±8.55 48(90.57) 5(9.43) Tsm1 42 52.58±9.27** 26(61.90) 16(38.10) Tsm2 25 60.59±11.50**## 12(28.57) 13(71.43) F — 39.03 18.19△ P — < 0.01 < 0.01 MS组内 — 89.731 — q检验:与Tm比较,**P < 0.01,与Tsm1比较##P < 0.01;△示χ2值 表 4 3组病人术后并发症发生情况[n;百分率(%)]
分组 n 术后出血 穿孔 感染 吻合口瘘 总发生率 Tm 53 3(5.66) 1(1.89) 1(1.89) 2(3.77) 7(13.21) Tsm1 42 2(4.76) 1(2.38) 1(2.38) 1(2.38) 5(11.9) Tsm2 25 1(4.00) 2(8.00) 1(4.00) 0(0.00) 4(16.00) χ2 — 0.11 2.15 0.32 1.00 0.23 P — >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 -
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