• 中国科技论文统计源期刊
  • 中国科技核心期刊
  • 中国高校优秀期刊
  • 安徽省优秀科技期刊
Volume 45 Issue 10
Nov.  2020
Article Contents
Turn off MathJax

Citation:

Relationship between the immuno-deposition of C3 and clinicopathological features of IgA nephropathy

  • Corresponding author: CHEN Wei-dong, cwd2012@163.com
  • Received Date: 2019-09-12
    Accepted Date: 2020-06-23
  • ObjectiveTo analyze the significance of complement C3 deposition in the mesangial region of glomeruli in IgA nephropathy pathogenesis and progression, so as to provide the basis for disease diagnosis, condition monitoring and prognosis judgment.MethodsThe clinical and pathological examination indexes in patients with IgA nephropathy were retrospectively analyzed.According to the intensity of C3 deposition in the mesangial area, the patients were divided into the negative group[(-)], weak positive group[(±to +)] and strong positive group[(2+ to 3+)], and the corresponding indicators were statistically analyzed.ResultsAccording to the classification of complement C3 deposition intensity, 10 cases(23.3%) in the negative group, 13 cases(30.2%) in weak positive group and 20 cases(46.5%) in strong positive group were identified.With the aggravation of tissue C3 deposition, the blood creatinine and urea nitrogen increased, the eGFR decreased, and the difference of which was statistically significant(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).However, the differences of the uric acid, 24 h urine protein quantification and microscopic haematuria, blood lipid, blood pressure and blood glucose were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the intensity of complement C3 was opposite to the value of serum C3, but there was no statistical significance between them(P>0.05).The intensity of C3 immunofluorescence deposition in renal tissue was correlated with the pathological damage, but the difference of pathological grading(Lee grading) was not statistically significant(P>0.05), and the differences of intensity of C3 immunofluorescence deposition in renal tissue among the different mesangial cell proliferation, capillary endothelial cell proliferation, globular sclerosis, and renal tubular interstitial lesions(including interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration, interstitial fibrosis and renal tubular atrophy) were statistically significant(P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe intensity of C3 deposition in the mesangial region of glomeruli in patients with IgA nephropathy is related to the serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, eGFR and pathological damage, and which may be used as an indicator to monitor and predict the prognosis of IgA nephropathy.
  • 加载中
  • [1] AL HT, HUSSEIN MH, AL MH, et al.Pathophysiology of IgA nephropathy[J].Adv Anat Pathol, 2017, 24(1):56. doi: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000134
    [2] YEO SC, CHEUNG CK, BARRATT J.New insights into the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy[J].Pediatr Nephrol, 2018, 33(5):763. doi: 10.1007/s00467-017-3699-z
    [3] KAWASAKI Y, MAEDA R, OHARA S, et al.Serum IgA/C3 and glomerular C3 staining predict severity of IgA nephropathy[J].Pediatr Int, 2018, 60(2):162. doi: 10.1111/ped.13461
    [4] RIELLA MC.Kidney disease:Improving global outcomes (KDIGO) CKD work group.KDIGO 2012 clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease[J].Kidney Intern Suppl, 2013, 3(1):1. doi: 10.1038/kisup.2012.73
    [5] LEE SM, RAO VM, FRANKLIN WA, et al.IgA nephropathy:morphologic predictors of progressive renal disease[J].Hum Pathol, 1982, 13(4):314. doi: 10.1016/S0046-8177(82)80221-9
    [6] TRIMARCHI H, BARRATT J, CATTRAN DC, et al.Oxford Classification of IgA nephropathy 2016:an update from the IgA Nephropathy Classification Working Group[J].Kidney Int, 2017, 91(5):1014. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2017.02.003
    [7] KATAFUCHI R, KIYOSHI Y, OH Y, et al.Glomerular score as a prognosticator in IgA nephropathy:its usefulness and limitation[J].Clin Nephrol, 1998, 49(1):1.
    [8] 郑爱萍, 侯霜, 罗明华, 等.IgA肾病患者系膜区C3沉积强度与临床病理特征的相关性分析[J].临床与实验病理学杂志, 2017, 33(12):1376.
    [9] 杨柳.补体活化异常与IgA肾病[J].肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志, 2017, 26(3):273.
    [10] CALISKAN Y, OZLUK Y, CELIK D, et al.The clinical significance of uric acid and complement activation in the progression of IgA nephropathy[J].Kidney Blood Press Res, 2016, 41(2):148. doi: 10.1159/000443415
    [11] KIM SJ, KOO HM, LIM BJ, et al.Decreased circulating C3 levels and mesangial C3 deposition predict renal outcome in patients with IgA nephropathy[J].PloS One, 2012, 7(7):e40495. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040495
    [12] 林淑芃.IgA肾病患者IgA1糖基化异常及其致病机制[J/CD].中华肾病研究电子杂志, 2015, 4(6): 316.
    [13] 郑敬民, 尹广, 姚根宏, 等.肾病患者肾组织补体活化与肥大细胞浸润的关系研究[J].医学研究生学报, 2012, 25(10):1040.
    [14] MADJENE LC, PONS M, DANELLI L, et al.Mast cells in renal inflammation and fibrosis:lessons learnt from animal studies[J].Mol Immunol, 2015, 63(1):86.
    [15] 董福兴, 万建新.肥大细胞与补体C3的交互作用参与肾间质纤维化[J].中华肾脏病杂志, 2016, 32(2):158.
    [16] ROJAS-RIVERA J, FERNáNDEZ-JUáREZ G, PRAGA M.Rapidly progressive IgA nephropathy:a form of vasculitis or a complement-mediated disease?[J].Clin Kidney J, 2015, 8(5):477. doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfv095
    [17] YANG P, CHEN X, ZENG L, et al.The response of the Oxford classification to steroid in IgA nephropathy:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Oncotarget, 2017, 8(35):59748. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.19574
    [18] NASRI H, SAJJADIEH S, MARDANI S, et al.Correlation of immunostaining findings with demographic data and variables of Oxford classification in IgA nephropath[J].J Nephropathol, 2013, 2(3):190. doi: 10.12860/JNP.2013.30
    [19] 章晓炎, 谢静远, 王伟铭, 等.补体C3系膜区沉积与低C3血症在IgA肾病中的意义[J].中华肾脏病杂志, 2014, 30(3):187.
    [20] 晏现丽, 张颖, 郑立运, 等.C3a、C5a受体缺失减轻IgA肾病肾损伤[J].中国免疫学杂志, 2015, 31(9):1169.
    [21] 朱厉, 张宏.IgA肾病的精准医学研究进展:IgA肾病中补体系统的活化及临床意义[J].中华医学杂志, 2018, 98(14):1044.
  • 加载中
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
  • 1. 

    沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

  1. 本站搜索
  2. 百度学术搜索
  3. 万方数据库搜索
  4. CNKI搜索

Tables(5)

Article views(4947) PDF downloads(36) Cited by()

Related
Proportional views

Relationship between the immuno-deposition of C3 and clinicopathological features of IgA nephropathy

    Corresponding author: CHEN Wei-dong, cwd2012@163.com
  • Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233004, China

Abstract: ObjectiveTo analyze the significance of complement C3 deposition in the mesangial region of glomeruli in IgA nephropathy pathogenesis and progression, so as to provide the basis for disease diagnosis, condition monitoring and prognosis judgment.MethodsThe clinical and pathological examination indexes in patients with IgA nephropathy were retrospectively analyzed.According to the intensity of C3 deposition in the mesangial area, the patients were divided into the negative group[(-)], weak positive group[(±to +)] and strong positive group[(2+ to 3+)], and the corresponding indicators were statistically analyzed.ResultsAccording to the classification of complement C3 deposition intensity, 10 cases(23.3%) in the negative group, 13 cases(30.2%) in weak positive group and 20 cases(46.5%) in strong positive group were identified.With the aggravation of tissue C3 deposition, the blood creatinine and urea nitrogen increased, the eGFR decreased, and the difference of which was statistically significant(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).However, the differences of the uric acid, 24 h urine protein quantification and microscopic haematuria, blood lipid, blood pressure and blood glucose were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the intensity of complement C3 was opposite to the value of serum C3, but there was no statistical significance between them(P>0.05).The intensity of C3 immunofluorescence deposition in renal tissue was correlated with the pathological damage, but the difference of pathological grading(Lee grading) was not statistically significant(P>0.05), and the differences of intensity of C3 immunofluorescence deposition in renal tissue among the different mesangial cell proliferation, capillary endothelial cell proliferation, globular sclerosis, and renal tubular interstitial lesions(including interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration, interstitial fibrosis and renal tubular atrophy) were statistically significant(P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe intensity of C3 deposition in the mesangial region of glomeruli in patients with IgA nephropathy is related to the serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, eGFR and pathological damage, and which may be used as an indicator to monitor and predict the prognosis of IgA nephropathy.

  • IgA肾病是我国最常见的原发性肾小球疾病,多发生于中青年人,但也会发生于儿童及老年人,临床多表现为血尿、蛋白尿、肾病综合征、高血压及肾功能不全,是终末期肾脏病常见病因。IgA肾病作为一种病理诊断,其病理特征是IgA为主的免疫球蛋白及补体成分沉积在肾小球系膜区,同时伴有系膜细胞及系膜基质增生和/或肾间质及肾血管的病理改变。而它作为一种免疫炎症介导的肾小球肾炎,并不是“单一”病因疾病,其发病机制复杂,现在普遍认为它的发病机制是一种“多重打击”学说[1],其中涉及IgA的肾小球损伤与补体系统的激活有关[2],目前有研究[3]证明肾小球系膜区补体C3的沉积程度与IgA肾病的病情相关,能够用于判断病情,评估预后。本文就补体C3沉积程度对IgA肾病的诊断及评估病情的价值作一探讨。

1.   资料与方法
  • 选取我科2013年6月至2018年6月经肾脏活检确诊的原发性IgA肾病病人43例作为研究对象,排除因系统性红斑狼疮、肿瘤、紫癜性肾炎、血液系统疾病等导致的IgA肾病病人以及乙肝、肝硬化、类风湿性关节炎、其他全身性疾病继发的肾脏损害病人。其中男20例,女23例,年龄27~46岁。IgA肾病组织病理学免疫荧光检测显示肾小球系膜区沉积物主要是IgA和补体C3,活检前所有病人均未服用免疫抑制剂和/或糖皮质激素。所有研究对象对本研究均知情同意并签署知情同意书。

  • 临床指标包括血压(收缩压、舒张压);尿液检查项目镜下血尿、24 h尿蛋白定量;血液检查项目肝肾功能白蛋白、血肌酐、尿素氮、尿酸、血糖;血脂成分胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白;以及血清中免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG、IgM,补体C3、C4水平,同时应用2012年改善全球肾脏病预后组织(KDIGO)指南推荐的CKD-EPI公式,根据血肌酐水平估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR),以及相应的CKD分期[4]

  • 病人行肾穿刺活检,经皮肾穿刺取得肾组织, 石蜡包埋切片厚度2~3 μm, 送检肾组织常规行:(1)苏木精-伊红(HE)、高碘酸-希夫(PAS)、过碘酸六胺银(PASM)、Masson染色后进行光镜检查;(2)直接免疫荧光法检测免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG、IgM,补体C3、C4沉积强度和部位;(3)电镜检测,依据IgA Lee分型病理指标评价病人病理改变程度。

  • 根据肾活检病理结果,采用三种评估方法,评价病人肾脏病理改变。(1) IgA肾病Lee分级方法:采用1982年IgAN病理分级标准Lee′s分级[5],将肾脏的病理改变分为Ⅰ~Ⅴ级。(2)IgA肾病牛津分型[6]:包含5个病理参数,M系膜细胞增殖,E毛细血管内增生,S节段硬化和粘连,T肾皮质小管萎缩或间质纤维化。(3)参照Katafuchi的半定量法[7]分别对肾小球病变、肾小管间质病变及肾血管病变进行评分。A:肾小球病变积分为0~12分,包括系膜细胞和系膜基质增生程度(0~4分);节段性肾小球病变, 如新月体形成、球囊壁粘连、节段性硬化和节段性毛细血管壁纤维素样坏死(0~4分);肾小球球性硬化(0~4分)。积分评定标准:无,1分; < 25%,2分;25%~50%,3分;>50%,4分。B:肾小管间质积分0~9分,包括间质炎细胞浸润(0~3分)、间质纤维化(0~3分)和肾小管萎缩(0~3分)。积分评定标准:无,1分; < 25%,1分;25%~50%,2分;>50%,3分。C:血管积分,血管壁增厚和透明样变性,评定标准:无,0分;有,1分。

  • 按照系膜区C3沉积强度进行分组,(-)为阴性组;(±~+)为弱阳性组;(2+~3+)为强阳性组。

  • 采用方差分析、χ2检验、Pearson相关分析和Wilcoxon符号秩和检验。

2.   结果
  • 根据系膜区补体C3沉积强度不同,分为阴性组、弱阳组和强阳组,3组病人分别为10例(23.3%)、13例(30.2%)和20例(46.5%),在阴性组、弱阳组和强阳组中,随组织C3沉积加重,病人血肌酐、尿素氮升高,eGFR降低,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05~P < 0.01)。而在尿酸、24 h尿蛋白定量及镜下血尿、血脂、血压、血糖差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 1)。行Pearson相关分析显示,补体C3强度与免疫球蛋白及补体(血清+系膜区沉积强度)数值变化相反,但两者无显著相关性(P>0.05)(见表 2)。

    C3沉积 阴性组(n=10) 弱阳性组(n=13) 强阳性组(n=20) F P MS组内
    镜下血尿/%            80.0                       46.2                       80.0              2.31 >0.05
    24h-UTP/(g/24 h)     2.17±2.91       3.02±2.98       2.69±1.42     0.13 >0.05 4.354
    白蛋白/(g/L)   36.85±8.89     34.61±8.93     36.77±7.14     0.04 >0.05 60.192
    肌酐/(μmol/L)   70.60±16.85   74.36±15.15*   74.78±27.70# 0.54 < 0.05 43.314
    尿素氮/(mmol/L)     4.53±1.44       5.29±1.02*      7.36±4.73## 1.31 < 0.05 6.322
    尿酸/(μmol/L) 307.20±94.79 326.36±74.62 409.68±128.67 0.63 >0.05 76.545
    eGFR/[mL/(min·1.73 m2)] 103.91±24.08 100.33±26.08**   74.78±27.70# 1.12 < 0.01 64.723
    胆固醇/(mmol/L)     5.44±2.51       5.85±2.62       4.89±1.73     0.60 >0.05 4.854
    三酰甘油/(mmol/L)     2.27±1.20       1.83±1.20       1.68±0.85     2.16 >0.05 0.778
    血清C3/(g/L)     0.98±0.25       0.95±0.12       0.85±0.21     1.55 >0.05 0.038
    血糖/(mmol/L)     5.04±1.16       4.56±0.99       5.08±1.69     0.64 >0.05 1.752
    收缩压/mmHg 133.10±28.78 118.08±18.32 127.50±12.19   1.51 >0.05 300.573
    舒张压/mmHg   85.50±16.91   79.00±17.06   79.40±6.68     1.62 >0.05 103.701
    △示χ2值。q检验:与阴性组比较*P < 0.05,**P < 0.01;与弱阳性组比较#P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01
    免疫球蛋白+补体 血清浓度 免疫沉积C3 r P
    IgA   2.9±0.76 2.64±0.48 -0.062 >0.05
    IgG 9.56±3.15 0.04±0.13 0.062 >0.05
    IgM 1.19±0.59 0.94±0.32 -0.142 >0.05
    血清C3 0.91±0.21 1.23±0.86 -0.257 >0.05
    血清C4 0.26±0.09 0 -0.104 >0.05
  • 根据系膜区C3补体沉积强度,3组Lee分级差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)(见表 3)。

    Lee分级 阴性组(n=10) 弱阳性组(n=13) 强阳性组(n=20) uc P
    1 0 1
    5 4 1
    2 5 8 0.48 < 0.01
    2 4 6
    0 0 4
  • 根据牛津分类,可见补体C3沉积程度与系膜细胞增殖及毛细血管内皮细胞增生相关(P < 0.05)(见表 4)。

    牛津分类 阴性组(n=10) 弱阳性组(n=13) 强阳性组(n=20) χ2 P
    M1 6(60.0) 11(84.6) 19(95.0) 6.00 < 0.05
    E1 0(0.0) 5(38.5) 10(50.0) 7.44 < 0.05
    S1 4(40.0) 2(15.4) 10(50.0) 4.08 >0.05
    T1 2(20.0) 0(0.0) 5(25.0) 8.25 >0.05
    T2 0(0.0) 1(9.1) 3(15.0) 6.00 >0.05
    MEST≥3 2(20.0) 2(15.4) 9(45.0) 8.02 >0.05
  • 系膜细胞增殖、球性硬化及肾小管间质积分(包括间质炎性细胞浸润、间质纤维化、肾小管萎缩)差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),而节段损害及血管积分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 5)。

    病理积分 阴性组(n=10) 弱阳性组(n=13) 强阳性组(n=20) F P MS组内
    肾小球个数 18.0±10.99 20.64±12.06 14.37±5.48 1.88 >0.05 85.073
    肾小球积分/分
       肾小球系膜细胞增殖 1.20±0.35 1.21±0.64 1.61±0.49 3.31 < 0.05 0.264
       节段损害 1.0±1.41 1.14±1.17 1.53±0.90 2.917 >0.05 0.637
       球性硬化 0.90±1.45 1.29±1.14 2.26±1.52 3.842 < 0.05 0.674
    肾小管-间质积分/分
    间质炎性
       细胞浸润 0.70±0.82 0.93±0.62 1.47±0.84 1.719 < 0.05 0.506
       间质纤维化 0.50±0.85 0.57±0.76 1.42±0.90 0.318 < 0.05 0.177
       肾小管萎缩 0.70±0.82 0.93±0.62 1.42±0.90 1.875 < 0.05 0.504
    血管积分/分
       血管壁增厚 7(70.0) 8(61.5) 17(85.0) 2.41 < 0.05
       透明样变性 0(0.0) 0(0.0) 3(15.0) 3.71 < 0.05
    △示χ2
3.   讨论
  • IgA肾病作为中国最常见的慢性肾炎之一,是导致终末期肾病的常见原因。常见于上呼吸道感染后发病,其临床症状表现多样,病情发展不一,存在与病理严重程度不一致的情况。IgA肾病发病机制复杂,是免疫炎症介导的自身免疫性肾炎,同时补体系统激活是IgA肾病发病机制的重要环节。IgA肾病发病时常伴随系膜区不同程度的补体C3沉积,提示局部补体反应活跃,有研究[8-9]证明随着补体C3沉积加重,病人整体病情及预后较差。为了更好地评估病人病情,协助治疗,补体C3局部活化反应逐渐成为近年研究热点。

    IgA肾病以大分子IgA在肾小球系膜区沉积为病理特点,行免疫染色时常见补体C3系膜区不同程度的沉积[9],提示补体活化可能参与IgA肾病的发病及进展过程。补体通过三种激活途径介导IgA肾病发生发展,而补体成分C3在其中发挥了一定作用。(1)从发病机制角度来说:IgA肾病涉及补体局部及全身激活,肾小球系膜区沉积的IgA以多聚体IgA1为主,直接激活旁路途径,活化系膜细胞产生大量炎症因子,上调肾脏C3过度表达,后者通过活性片段C3b、C3d促使T细胞增殖诱发炎症因子过度释放,两者恶性循环,进一步激活补体系统[9],加重肾脏损伤。IgA肾病病人中,90%以上存在补体C3的沉积;同时IgA肾病膜攻击复合物中可检测补体C3成分,证明补体系统参与了IgA肾病发病的多个环节。(2)补体C3与疾病进展相关:本研究发现,按照C3免疫荧光沉积程度进行分组,随着系膜区C3的加重,病人血肌酐、尿素氮升高、eGFR降低越明显,提示系膜区C3沉积强度能够反映IgA病人肾功能水平。CALISKAN等[10]研究表明,系膜区C3沉积的IgA肾病病人较无沉积病人相比,病人临床及预后都较差。KIM等[11]也在长期随访的病人中发现,系膜区C3沉积程度的增高是IgA肾病病人病情进展的危险因素,且与预后相关。(3)从病理角度分析:补体C3沉积程度与肾脏病理改变密切联系。根据IgA肾病的半定量积分分析:C3沉积程度不断加重,肾小球的系膜细胞增殖、球性硬化加重,同时间质炎性细胞浸润、间质纤维化、肾小管萎缩方面更为严重,证明补体C3沉积程度越重,病人肾脏病理变化越重。肾小球中C3的沉积与肾小球病理活动性病变相关,如系膜细胞增殖,间质炎性细胞浸润。究其原因,考虑IgA肾病存在补体过度活化,系膜区沉积的IgA1导致C3沉积,并形成膜攻击复合物[8],后者激活系膜细胞,通过细胞增殖、细胞外基质成分和细胞因子/趋化因子的过度产生诱导肾损伤[12]。C3沉积强度与肾小管萎缩及肾间质纤维化等IgA肾病病变的慢性指标也相关,补体异常活化会导致肾间质纤维化,IgA肾病肾间质浸润的肥大细胞明显增多[13],同时周边补体C3异常表达。C3受体调控肥大细胞活化、脱颗粒,后者所产生的炎症因子等多种生物学成分会诱导炎性反应,扩大炎性环境,诱导上皮间充质转分化;同时介导局部C3形成、调控C3水平升高,参与多种病理过程,最终导致肾间质纤维化发生[14-15]。分析牛津分类3组结果:可见补体C3沉积与系膜增殖及毛细血管内增生相关,系膜区C3可裂解形成C3c和C3b片断,C3b可再裂解成新的片断或免疫复合物再次攻击肾小球,与新月体、肾小球硬化、间质纤维化等提示预后差的病理指标相关。当然目前牛津分类纳入细胞或细胞纤维性新月体(C)指标,大部分IgA肾病进展缓慢,少部分快速进展到终末期肾病的病人,行肾活检病理提示新月体型IgA肾病,其中可检测到系膜区C3沉积明显升高[16],提示补体活化参与了IgA肾病的快速进展,而补体C3参与其中。

    本研究结果显示,随着免疫沉积C3升高,血清C3逐渐下降,但两者无显著相关性。目前研究中也发现IgA肾病中补体C3沉积的病人,血C3水平可正常或降低,其中低C3血症的病人数目少于系膜区C3沉积的病人,以此推测IgA肾病病人肾脏局部补体激活异常较全身严重。但因为本研究样本量少,有待进一步研究。

    近几年如何评估IgA肾病预后引起了人们的重视,YANG等[17]研究表明系膜增生、肾小球节段硬化、肾小管萎缩和肾间质纤维化皆可提示不良预后,而新月体也被证明可作为独立的预测因素[6]。NASRI等[18]研究证明,C3沉积与血清肌酐有显著相关性,同时与新月体形成、系膜增殖、毛细血管增生、节段性肾小球硬化显著正相关。章晓炎等[19]也研究证实系膜区C3沉积较多的IgA病人病理中毛细血管内细胞增生和间质纤维化更为严重,提示此类病人肾脏损害更重,预后更差。结合以上情况,肾活检补体行免疫染色可在一定程度上评估病人病情及预后。但本文作为横断面研究,此方面的研究还需不断地随访及收集材料,综合评估补体C3与IgA肾病整体预后的关系。而基于IgA肾病补体活化研究的不断深入,人们也考虑能否通过干预补体活化来缓解IgA肾病。晏现丽等[20]通过建立IgA肾病小鼠模型,证明C3a、C5a受体缺失确实会减轻IgA肾病损伤,考虑两者缺失会减少C3a及C5a与其结合的及机会,继而减少炎症因子及趋化因子的分泌,从而减轻肾损伤,其中C3a受体缺失减轻作用更明显。目前依库珠单抗(重组人源型C5单克隆抗体)和0MS-721(MASP2抑制剂)以抑制补体活化为靶点,已被试用于IgA肾病治疗领域[21]

    总之,补体C3活化在IgA肾病发病及进展机制起到了重要作用,激活程度明显影响IgA的临床和病理的损伤程度。应用肾组织补体C3染色作为IgA肾病病情监测及判断预后的指标,同时将干预补体活化作为今后的治疗策略,期望未来对IgA肾病补体的深入研究能促进IgA肾病临床诊断、监控和治疗策略的进一步完善。

Reference (21)

Catalog

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return