[1] Adams CI，Robinson CM，Court-Brown CM，et al. Prospective randomized controlled trial of an intramedullary nail versus dynamic screw and plate for intertrochanteric fractures of the femur[J]. J Orthop Trauma，2001，15(6) : 394 － 400.
[2] Bellabarba C，Herscovici D Jr，Ricci WM. Percutaneous treatment of peritrochanteric fractures using the Gamma nail[J]. Clin Orthop Relat Res，2000(375) : 30 － 42.
[3] Menezes DF，Gamulin A，Noesberger B，et al. Is the proximal femoral nail a suitable implant for treatment of all trochanteric fractures? [J]. Clin Orthop Relat Res，2005，439: 221 － 227.
[4] 韩贵和，魏威，顾军. 股骨近端锁定钢板与Gamma 钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的病例对照研究[J]. 中国骨伤，2012，25(10) : 796 － 799.
[5] Ployd JC，O Toole RV，Stall A，et al. Biomechanical comparison of proximal locking plates and blade plates for the treatment of comminuted subtrochanteric femoral fractures [J]. J Ortho Trauma，2009，23(9) : 628 － 633.
[6] 蔡迎峰，陈胜，张维. 股骨小粗隆缺损的生物力学评价及临床意义[J]. 骨与关节损伤杂志，2001，16(3) : 178 － 179.
[7] Gadegone WM，Salphale YS. Proximal femoral nail an analysis of 100 cases of proximal femoral fractures with an average follow up of 1 year[J]. Int Orthop，2007，31(3) : 403 － 408.
[8] Windolf J，Hollander DA，Hakimi M，et al. Pitfalls and complications in the use of the proximal femoral nail[J]. Langenbecks Arc Surg，2005，390(1) : 59 － 65.
[9] 徐铮宇，王韬，陆男吉，等. 股骨转子间骨折PFN 内固定后股骨头坏死的临床分析[J]. 实用骨科杂志，2009，15 (4 ) :276 － 277.
[10] Sahin O，Demirors H，Akgun R，et al. Dynamic hip screw versus proximal femoral nail for treatment of trochanteric hip fractures: an outcome analyses with a minimum 2 years of follow-up[J]. Eur JOrthop Surg Traumatol，2012，22: 473 － 480.