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Volume 44 Issue 11
Nov.  2019
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Effect of vildagliptin on the levels of bone metabolism and mineral density in perimenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus

  • Corresponding author: XU Xiang-jin
  • Received Date: 2017-02-28
    Accepted Date: 2018-06-12
  • ObjectiveTo evaluate of the effects of vildagliptin on the levels of bone metabolism and mineral density in perimenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsAmong 96 perimenopausal patients with type 2 diabetes, 47 patients were treated with metformin combined with vildagliptin(combination group), and 49 patients were treated with metformin(control group).The levels of hemoglobulin, osteocalcin, bone alkaline phosphatase, type Ⅰ collagen carboxyl terminal, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in two groups were measured using ELISA.The bone mineral density and total bone density of femoral neck, femoral shaft and greater trochanter in two groups were detected using the dual energy X-ray.ResultsAfter treatment, the levels of the osteoprotegerin and type Ⅰ collagen carboxyl terminal in combination group were lower than those in control group(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01), the differences of the levels of osteocalcin, bone alkaline phosphatase, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase between two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05), and the levels of the osteoprotegerin and type Ⅰ collagen carboxyl terminal in combination group were lower than those before treatment(P < 0.05).Before treatment, the differences of the bone mineral density of left femoral neck, lumbar vertebra2-4, proximal femur and Wards triangle between two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05).After treatment, the bone mineral density of left femoral neck, lumbar vertebra2-4, proximal femur and Wards triangle in combination group were significantly higher than those in control group(P < 0.05).ConclusionsVildagliptin can reduce the bone resorption in perimenopausal women with type 2 diabetes, alleviate the bone resorption in condition of diabetes, and increase the bone density.Vildagliptin can be as the preferred glucose-lowering drug for perimenopausal women with type 2 diabetes, and which is worthy of clinical promotion.
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  • [1] VESTERGAARD P, REJNMARK L, MOSEKILDE L.Socioeconomic aspects of fractures within universal public healthcare:a nationwide case-control study from Denmark[J]. Scand J Public Health, 2006, 4(4):371.
    [2] JANGHORBANI M, VAN DAM RM, WILLETT WC, et al.Systematic review of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk of fracture[J]. Am J Epidemiol, 2007, 166(5):495. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwm106
    [3] 张丽侠, 辛莹, 吴雪, 等.老年糖尿病患者骨密度变化和骨代谢指标与胰岛素抵抗关系的初步探讨[J].中华老年多器官疾病杂志, 2014, 15(7):494.
    [4] 沈鸿, 葛焕琦, 姚宪章.2型糖尿病患者骨密度变化及相关危险因素分析[J].中国糖尿病杂志, 2009, 17(8):622. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6187.2009.08.017
    [5] 唐卓, 秦爱平, 赵新兰, 等.绝经后2型糖尿病患者慢性并发症与骨质疏松症关系临床研究[J].现代生物医学进展, 2013, 14(15):2955.
    [6] 王坚, 陈晔.维格列汀在2型糖尿病治疗中的应用[J].中华内分泌代谢杂志, 2011, 27(10):873. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1000-6699.2011.10.024
    [7] 张儒雅, 李强.维格列汀——治疗2型糖尿病的新型口服降糖药[J].中华内分泌代谢杂志, 2011, 27(7):后插1. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1000-6699.2011.07.000
    [8] KOTHNY W, FOLEY J, KOZLOVSKI P, et al.Improved glycaemic control with vildagliptin added to insulin, with or without metformin, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus[J]. Diabetes Obes Metab, 2013, 15(3):252. doi: 10.1111/dom.12020
    [9] 王卫民, 吴立兵, 刘刚, 等.围绝经期2型糖尿病妇女前臂骨密度分析[J/CD].中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2012, 4(3): 771.
    [10] 蔡芸莹, 苏恒, 欧杨, 等.血清二肽基肽酶4与2型糖尿病患者体脂含量及分布的关系探讨[J].中华糖尿病杂志, 2014, 6(10):734. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-5809.2014.10.007
    [11] 陈子贤, 盛泽津, 邵云潮, 等.骨保护素基因敲除小鼠发生骨质疏松症的特征[J].复旦学报(医学版), 2007, 34(3):373. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-8467.2007.03.012
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Effect of vildagliptin on the levels of bone metabolism and mineral density in perimenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus

    Corresponding author: XU Xiang-jin
  • Department of Endocrinology, The General Hospital of FuZhou, FuZhou Fujian 350025, China

Abstract: ObjectiveTo evaluate of the effects of vildagliptin on the levels of bone metabolism and mineral density in perimenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsAmong 96 perimenopausal patients with type 2 diabetes, 47 patients were treated with metformin combined with vildagliptin(combination group), and 49 patients were treated with metformin(control group).The levels of hemoglobulin, osteocalcin, bone alkaline phosphatase, type Ⅰ collagen carboxyl terminal, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in two groups were measured using ELISA.The bone mineral density and total bone density of femoral neck, femoral shaft and greater trochanter in two groups were detected using the dual energy X-ray.ResultsAfter treatment, the levels of the osteoprotegerin and type Ⅰ collagen carboxyl terminal in combination group were lower than those in control group(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01), the differences of the levels of osteocalcin, bone alkaline phosphatase, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase between two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05), and the levels of the osteoprotegerin and type Ⅰ collagen carboxyl terminal in combination group were lower than those before treatment(P < 0.05).Before treatment, the differences of the bone mineral density of left femoral neck, lumbar vertebra2-4, proximal femur and Wards triangle between two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05).After treatment, the bone mineral density of left femoral neck, lumbar vertebra2-4, proximal femur and Wards triangle in combination group were significantly higher than those in control group(P < 0.05).ConclusionsVildagliptin can reduce the bone resorption in perimenopausal women with type 2 diabetes, alleviate the bone resorption in condition of diabetes, and increase the bone density.Vildagliptin can be as the preferred glucose-lowering drug for perimenopausal women with type 2 diabetes, and which is worthy of clinical promotion.

  • 2型糖尿病是临床常见的一种慢性代谢性疾病,近年来,随着生活水平的提高,其在我国的发病率逐年增高,带来了沉重的社会和经济负担[1]。2型糖尿病带来的并发症诸多,累及机体多个组织器官,常见的如骨质疏松、糖尿病足、周围血管病变、糖尿病视网膜病变等[2]。其中,骨质疏松症在中老年人群中发病率极高[3],尤其是围绝经期糖尿病妇女,它是一种以低骨量和骨组织微结构破坏为特征,导致骨骼脆性增加和易发生骨折的全身性疾病[4],是2型糖尿病围绝经期妇女最常见病症之一,由于其带来的损害较为严重,因此一直是该领域研究的热点[5]

    维格列汀是一种具有选择性、竞争性、可逆的二肽基肽酶4(DPP-4)抑制剂[6]。其通过与DPP-4结合形成复合物抑制该酶的活性,可通过促进胰岛β细胞分泌胰岛素,提高胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)浓度,降低胰高血糖素来达到降低血糖的目的[7],已广泛用于临床。从临床应用该药的疗效评价中发现,维格列汀可在一定程度上改善2型糖尿病围绝经期妇女骨质疏松的症状[8]。本研究将2型糖尿病围绝经期妇女作为研究对象,评价维格列汀对2型糖尿病围绝经期妇女骨代谢及骨密度水平的影响,为临床2型糖尿病围绝经期妇女应用维格列汀提供可靠理论依据。

1.   资料与方法
  • 收集2015-2016年于我院内分泌科就诊的2型糖尿病围绝经期女性病人96例,年龄52~61岁。按照病人服用降糖药物的不同分为维格列汀联合二甲双胍组(联合组)47例和二甲双胍组(对照组)49例。2组病人近半年内均未服用过维生素D、皮质类激素等影响骨代谢的药物,均排除肝肾功能异常、骨折、糖尿病肾病、甲状腺疾病、风湿等疾病[5]。2组病人年龄具有可比性。

  • 联合组病人服药方案:二甲双胍片(中美上海施贵宝制药有限公司)0.5 g,2次/天,口服,维格列汀片(Noartis Europharm Ltd)50 mg,2次/天,口服。对照组病人服药方案:二甲双胍片0.5 g,2次/天,口服。均服用3个月。

  • 骨代谢生化指标测定:空腹采血,ELISA试剂盒(上海宝峰生物制品有限公司)测定2组病人血骨保护素、骨钙素、骨碱性磷酸酶、Ⅰ型胶原C末端、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶水平。骨密度测定:双能X射线骨密度测定仪(美国Lunar公司)分别测定2组病人股骨颈、股骨干、大转子等部位骨密度及骨密度总量。

  • 采用t(或t′)检验。

2.   结果
  • 治疗前,2组病人的骨保护素、骨钙素、骨碱性磷酸酶、Ⅰ型胶原C末端、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,联合组的骨保护素和Ⅰ型胶原C末端水平均低于对照组(P < 0.05和P < 0.01),2组病人骨钙素、骨碱性磷酸酶与抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶的水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后联合组骨保护素和Ⅰ型胶原C末端水平均低于治疗前(P < 0.05),而骨钙素、骨碱性磷酸酶、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶的水平与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),对照组各项指标治疗前后差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 1)。

    分组 n 骨保护素/(μg/L) 骨钙素/(μg/L) 骨碱性磷酸酶/(μg/L) Ⅰ型胶原C末端/(nmol/L) 抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶/(U/L)
    治疗前
      联合组 47 1.35±0.48 6.62±3.67 12.77±4.83 12.60±4.79 3.26±1.20
      对照组 49 1.33±0.52 6.41±3.13 12.96±4.17 12.33±5.16 3.38±1.15
      t 0.69 0.52 0.48 0.55 0.71
      P >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05
    治疗后
      联合组 47 1.02±0.86* 6.73±3.05 12.53±5.12 8.87±3.80* 3.32±1.06
      对照组 49 1.37±0.65 6.24±2.97 13.47±4.61 11.96±4.06 3.19±1.32
      t 2.26 0.79 0.95 3.85 0.53
      P < 0.05 >0.05 >0.05 < 0.01 >0.05
    组内配对t检验:与治疗前比较*P < 0.05
  • 治疗前,2组病人的左股骨颈(Neck)、腰椎(L)2~4、股骨上段总的(Total)、Wards三角部位的骨密度值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);经3个月服药治疗后,联合组的Neck、L2~4、Total、Wards三角部位的骨密度值均明显高于对照组(P < 0.01),联合组治疗后Neck、L2~4、Total、Wards三角部位的骨密度值均高于治疗前(P < 0.05),治疗前后对照组Neck、L2~4、Total、Wards三角部位的骨密度值差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 2)。

    分组 n Neck L2~4 Total Wards三角
    治疗前
      联合组 47 0.69±0.47 1.07±1.05 0.59±0.49 0.44±0.38
      对照组 49 0.61±0.54 0.94±0.90 0.57±0.44 0.41±0.30
      t 0.73 1.32 0.47 0.50
      P >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05
    治疗后
      联合组 47 1.04±0.76* 1.19±0.95* 0.88±0.53* 0.71±0.37*
      对照组 49 0.65±0.48 0.89±0.82 0.60±0.46 0.45±0.28
      t 2.99 1.66 2.77 3.89
      P < 0.01 >0.05 < 0.01 < 0.01
    △示t′值;组内配对t检验:与治疗比较*P < 0.05
3.   讨论
  • 从绝经前,出现与绝经相关的内分泌及临床特征起,至绝经后1年内的时间即为围绝经期[9]。我国妇女平均绝经年龄为(58.32±11.26)岁。围绝经期妇女容易内分泌紊乱,骨量流失,罹患骨质疏松症的概率高于非围绝经期妇女[10],若围绝经期妇女同时患有2型糖尿病,则比健康人骨密度更易降低,患骨质疏松症的概率则大大增加。骨质疏松症是一种以低骨量和骨组织微结构破坏为特征,导致骨骼脆性增加和易发生骨折的全身性疾病,其不仅为病人带来了经济负担,且严重影响了病人的生活质量,因而成为该领域研究的热点[4]

    骨保护素是近年发现的一种生物活性物,已有研究[1]显示,骨保护素可减弱破骨细胞的分化及成熟,进而影响机体骨代谢[11]。此外,与骨代谢相关的生化指标还包括骨钙素、骨碱性磷酸酶、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶、Ⅰ型胶原C末端[3],其中Ⅰ型胶原C末端与骨吸收相关[4]

    维格列汀已广泛用于临床,可在一定程度上改善2型糖尿病围绝经期妇女骨质疏松的症状[8],因而,本研究将2型糖尿病围绝经期妇女作为研究对象,评价维格列汀对2型糖尿病围绝经期妇女骨代谢及骨密度水平的影响,为临床2型糖尿病围绝经期妇女应用维格列汀提供可靠理论依据。本研究结果显示,经3个月服药治疗后,联合组的骨保护素和Ⅰ型胶原C末端水平均低于对照组,而2组病人骨钙素、骨碱性磷酸酶、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶的水平差异无统计学意义,说明维格列汀可降低骨吸收,而对照组骨保护素较高,可能是为了对抗糖尿病状态下活跃的骨吸收,发挥骨保护作用,可见维格列汀可缓解糖尿病状态下的骨吸收。本研究结果显示,经3个月服药后,联合组的Neck、L2~4、Total、Wards三角部位的骨密度值均高于对照组,表明维格列汀可增加2型糖尿病围绝经期妇女的骨密度,缓解骨质疏松症。

    综上所述,维格列汀可降低2型糖尿病围绝经期妇女的骨吸收,缓解糖尿病状态下的骨吸收,增加2型糖尿病围绝经期妇女的骨密度,缓解骨质疏松症,因而,可将维格列汀作为2型糖尿病围绝经期妇女的首选降糖药物,值得临床推广应用。

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