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全部入组病人男性23例,女性2例。年龄44~83岁,70岁以上病人7例。吸烟13例,不吸烟12例。饮酒13例,不饮酒12例。Ⅲ期病人6例,ⅣA期13例,ⅣB期病人6例。高分化鳞癌21例,中分化鳞癌1例,低分化鳞癌3例。25例病人中,接受同步放化疗者19例。
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治疗结束后,全部病人均4周应用CT和/或MRI增强扫描进行疗效评价,完全缓解(CR)8例(32.0%),部分缓解(PR)17例(68.0%),以CR+PR为有效率,近期有效率为100%。
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2例病人发生4度骨髓抑制,均为行同步放化疗病人,经对症治疗后均好转。6例病人发生3级咽部黏膜炎,均为ⅣA期或ⅣB期病人,经激素、黏膜保护剂、营养等对症治疗后好转。
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至随访结束,25例局部晚期下咽癌病人6例生存,其余病人均死于肿瘤或肿瘤相关疾病。随访时间为5~35个月,中位生存时间为17个月,2年生存率为32.0%。
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通过对25例下咽癌病人的性别、年龄、T分期、N分期、临床分期、近期疗效、是否同步化疗、吸烟史、饮酒史、是否为鳞癌、发病部位、放疗剂量、是否诱导化疗等因素进行单因素Cox回归分析,结果显示N分期、临床分期、近期疗效、是否同步化疗是生存预后的影响因素(P < 0.01)(见表 1)。
单因素 B SE Waldχ2 P RR 95%CI 性别 -1.038 1.038 0.999 >0.05 0.354 0.046~2.712 年龄 -1.132 0.633 3.203 >0.05 0.322 0.093~1.114 吸烟史 -0.414 0.467 0.786 >0.05 0.661 0.265~1.650 饮酒史 -0.616 0.467 1.745 >0.05 0.540 0.216~1.347 鳞癌 0.423 0.315 1.802 >0.05 1.527 0.823~2.834 部位 -0.221 0.402 0.303 >0.05 0.802 0.365~1.763 放疗剂量 -0.038 0.536 0.005 >0.05 0.963 0.337~2.752 诱导化疗 0.367 0.479 0.586 >0.05 1.443 0.564~3.690 T分期 0.084 0.260 0.104 >0.05 1.088 0.653~1.812 N分期 0.874 0.302 8.386 <0.01 2.396 1.326~4.328 临床分期 1.584 0.446 12.617 <0.01 4.877 2.034~11.690 同步化疗 1.685 0.570 8.727 <0.01 5.392 1.763~16.492 近期疗效 2.124 0.765 7.709 <0.01 8.366 1.868~37.475 表 1 下咽癌病人预后单因素Cox回归分析
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以生存时间作为时间变量,以结局=死亡作为状态变量,将统计学上有意义的变量和专业上有意义变量作为自变量,采用向后法拟合多因素Cox比例风险回归模型。分析结果显示,临床分期和是否同步化疗是下咽癌病人生存预后的影响因素(χ2=21.50,P < 0.01)。临床分期:控制其他混杂因素后,临床分期越高,病人的死亡风险越大(RR=4.699, P < 0.01, 95%CI=1.880~11.747);同步化疗:控制其他混杂因素后,与同步化疗的病人相比,未进行同步化疗的病人的死亡风险越大(RR=3.822, P < 0.05,95%CI=1.229~11.885)。说明临床分期高和未进行同步化疗是病人生存预后的独立危险因素(见表 2)。
变量 B SE Waldχ2 P RR 95%CI 临床分期 1.547 0.467 10.957 < 0.01 4.699 1.880~11.747 同步化疗(对照=是) 1.341 0.579 5.365 < 0.05 3.822 1.229~11.885 表 2 病人生存预后的多因素Cox比例风险模型分析结果
局部晚期下咽癌根治性放射治疗的疗效及预后因素分析
Study on the clinical efficacy of radical radiotherapy in locally advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma and prognostic factors
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摘要:
目的分析根治性放射治疗对局部晚期下咽癌的临床疗效,并对其影响预后的相关因素进行评价。 方法回顾性分析2016年10月至2018年12月25例局部晚期下咽癌病人的临床资料,通过Kaplan-Meier法计算总生存时间,应用Cox比例风险回归模型进行单因素和多因素分析。 结果近期有效率为100%。中位生存时间为17个月,2年生存率为32.0%。通过单因素分析,结果显示N分期、临床分期、近期疗效、是否同步化疗与生存预后有关(P < 0.01)。多因素分析结果表明,临床分期和是否同步化疗是下咽癌病人预后的独立影响因素(P < 0.01和P < 0.05)。 结论根治性放射治疗局部晚期下咽癌近期疗效确切,临床分期和是否同步化疗是影响其预后的独立危险因素。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical effects of radical radiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer, and evaluate the prognostic factors. MethodsThe clinical data of 25 patients with locally advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma from October 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.The overall survival of patients was calculated using Kaplan-Meier method.The Cox model was used for univariate analysis and multivariate analysis. ResultsThe recent effective rate was 100%.The median surviual time was 25 months.The 2-year surviual rate was 32.0%.The results of univariate analysis indicated that the N stage, clinical stage, recent effective rate and concurrent chemotherapy were the prognostic factors(P < 0.01).The results of multivariate analysis showed that the clinical stage and concurrent chemotherapy were the independent prognostic factors(P < 0.01 and P < 0.05). ConclusionsThe short-term effects of radical radiotherapy for locally advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma is definite.The clinical stage and concurrent chemotherapy are the independent prognostic factors. -
Key words:
- hypopharyngeal neoplasms /
- prognosis /
- radiotherapy
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表 1 下咽癌病人预后单因素Cox回归分析
单因素 B SE Waldχ2 P RR 95%CI 性别 -1.038 1.038 0.999 >0.05 0.354 0.046~2.712 年龄 -1.132 0.633 3.203 >0.05 0.322 0.093~1.114 吸烟史 -0.414 0.467 0.786 >0.05 0.661 0.265~1.650 饮酒史 -0.616 0.467 1.745 >0.05 0.540 0.216~1.347 鳞癌 0.423 0.315 1.802 >0.05 1.527 0.823~2.834 部位 -0.221 0.402 0.303 >0.05 0.802 0.365~1.763 放疗剂量 -0.038 0.536 0.005 >0.05 0.963 0.337~2.752 诱导化疗 0.367 0.479 0.586 >0.05 1.443 0.564~3.690 T分期 0.084 0.260 0.104 >0.05 1.088 0.653~1.812 N分期 0.874 0.302 8.386 <0.01 2.396 1.326~4.328 临床分期 1.584 0.446 12.617 <0.01 4.877 2.034~11.690 同步化疗 1.685 0.570 8.727 <0.01 5.392 1.763~16.492 近期疗效 2.124 0.765 7.709 <0.01 8.366 1.868~37.475 表 2 病人生存预后的多因素Cox比例风险模型分析结果
变量 B SE Waldχ2 P RR 95%CI 临床分期 1.547 0.467 10.957 < 0.01 4.699 1.880~11.747 同步化疗(对照=是) 1.341 0.579 5.365 < 0.05 3.822 1.229~11.885 -
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