Abstract: Objective: To observe the clinical effects of the small incision of axillary fold in treating axillary osmidrosis,analyze the histological structure of apocrine sweat glands,further clarify the distribution and range of apocrine sweat glands,and guide the operation treatment.Methods: Thirty-nine patients with osmidrosis were treated with the small incision of axillary fold(groupA).The separation range was 0.5 cm beyond the axillary hair range,the skin tissue at the center of the axilla and 0.5-1.0 cm distance from the outer edge of the axilla,the depth was down to the adipose layer,was cut and detected using histology in patients with axillary skin laxity,and the layers and range of large sweat glands in group A were observed.The incidence rate of postoperative complications in 30 patients treated with large sweat gland scratch under swelling anesthesia(group B) was retrospectively analyzed,and which was compared with that of axillary odor treated with small incision of axillary fold.Results: The total effective rates in group A and group B were 97.44% and 80%,respectively.The treatment effect in group A was better than that in group B(P<0.05),and the difference of the incidence rate of postoperative complication between two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The large sweat glands were detected in group A,which was mainly distributed in the dermal layer,dermal fat junction area and fatty superficial layer.A small amount of large sweat gland tissue was found at 0.5 cm away from the edge of axillary hair,and no large sweat gland tissue was found at 1.0 cm away from the edge of axillary hair and deep adipose layer in group A.Conclusions: The small incision of axillary fold in treating axillary osmidrosis is reliable and has low postoperative recurrence rate compared with large sweat gland scratch under tumescent anesthesia,but pruning the depth and width of apocrine glands should be noted during operation,which is worthy of clinical promotion.