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动脉瘤出血破入脑室病人预后较差,病人较早出现高颅压及低灌注,同时血凝块降解产物迅速进入脑脊液循环引起继发损害,并且动脉瘤还有再破裂危险,所以该类病人死亡率及病残率较高。早期进行外引流并注入溶栓剂是临床处理脑室出血较常见的方法,及时对破裂动脉瘤进行栓塞也是挽救病人生命的必要措施[1]。在治疗过程中借助颅内压监测装置实时监测颅压,可以为制定和调整治疗策略提高依据。本研究分析了23例动脉瘤出血破入脑室病人的临床特点、诊断、处理与结果,旨在探讨动脉瘤破裂出血破入脑室病人应用颅内压监测装置的可行性。现作报道。
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本组病人初始颅内压平均28.52 mmHg,HUNT-HESS分级3组间初始颅内压差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 1)。
分组 n 初始颅内压/mmHg GOS评分/分 HUNT-HESS Ⅱ级 2 22.50±7.78 5.00±0.01 HUNT-HESS Ⅲ级 12 29.33±7.34 3.33±0.98* HUNT-HESS Ⅳ级 9 28.78±8.50 2.44±0.88**# F — 0.61 7.86 P — >0.05 <0.01 MS组内 — 64.314 0.810 q检验:与HUNT-HESS Ⅱ级比较*P<0.05,**P<0.01;与HUNT-HESS Ⅲ级比较#P<0.05 表 1 各组初始颅内压和出院时GOS评分
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共有3例病人发生颅内感染,根据脑脊液培养及药敏试验结果予以抗生素治疗。1例为女性,45岁,入院时HUNT-HESS Ⅲ级,后抗炎治疗有效,出院时GOS 3分。1例为男性,57岁,入院时HUNT-HESS Ⅳ级,后死亡。1例为女性,43岁,入院时HUNT-HESS Ⅳ级,后抗炎治疗有效,出院时GOS 2分。
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共有2例病人发生动脉瘤破裂再出血。1例为男性,58岁,入院时HUNT-HESS Ⅲ级,后死亡。1例为女性,28岁,入院时HUNT-HESS Ⅳ级,出院时GOS 2分。
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颅内压装置放置时间3~12 d,平均6.87 d。发生颅内感染的病人放置时间较长,平均9.67 d。
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共有4例病人术后发生脑积水,占本组存活21例病人的19.05%。所有脑积水病人均成功予以脑室腹腔分流术。
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HUNT-HESS分级各级间GOS评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),HUNT-HESS分级评分越高,GOS评分越低(P<0.05~P<0.01)(见表 1)。
颅内压监测装置在动脉瘤出血破入脑室病人中的应用
Application of the intracranial pressure monitoring device in patients with intracranial aneurysm hemorrhaging into the ventricle
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摘要:
目的探讨动脉瘤破裂出血破入脑室病人应用颅内压监测装置的可行性。 方法回顾性分析23例动脉瘤出血破入脑室病人的临床特点、并发症及预后。 结果病人根据HUNT-HESS分级分为3组,初始颅内压平均28.52 mmHg。术后有3例病人发生颅内感染,有2例病人发生动脉瘤破裂再出血,有4例病人发生脑积水。颅内压装置放置时间3~12 d,平均6.87 d。出院时HUNT-HESS分级各级的格拉斯哥预后评分为Ⅱ级5.00分,Ⅲ级3.33分,Ⅳ级2.44分,各级间格拉斯哥预后评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。 结论应用颅内压监测装置于动脉瘤破裂出血破入脑室病人,有助于实时监测病人颅内压,治疗过程顺利,病人预后评分较高。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of the application of intracranial pressure monitoring device in patients with intracranial aneurysm hemorrhaging into the ventricle. MethodsThe clinical characteristics, complications and prognosis in 23 patients with intracranial aneurysm hemorrhaging into the ventricle were retrospectively analyzed. ResultsAll patients were divided into three groups according to the HUNT-HESS classification.The average initial intracranial pressure was 28.52 mmHg.Postoperative intracranial infection occurred in 3 cases, the aneurysm rupture rebleeding in 2 cases were identified, and the postoperative hydrocephalus in 4 cases were found.The intracranial pressure device was implanted for 3 to 12 days(mean 6.87 days).At discharge, the GOS scores of grade Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ HUNT-HESS were 5.00, 3.33 and 2.44 points, respectively.The differences of GCS scores in different grades were statistically significant(P < 0.01). ConclusionsThe application of intracranial pressure monitoring device in patients with intracranial aneurysm hemorrhaging into the ventricle can help to monitor the intracranial pressure in real-time, and ensure the smooth treatment course and better prognosis. -
Key words:
- aneurysm /
- intraventricular hemorrhage /
- intracranial pressure monitoring
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表 1 各组初始颅内压和出院时GOS评分
分组 n 初始颅内压/mmHg GOS评分/分 HUNT-HESS Ⅱ级 2 22.50±7.78 5.00±0.01 HUNT-HESS Ⅲ级 12 29.33±7.34 3.33±0.98* HUNT-HESS Ⅳ级 9 28.78±8.50 2.44±0.88**# F — 0.61 7.86 P — >0.05 <0.01 MS组内 — 64.314 0.810 q检验:与HUNT-HESS Ⅱ级比较*P<0.05,**P<0.01;与HUNT-HESS Ⅲ级比较#P<0.05 -
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