-
峡部裂性腰椎滑脱(IS)是常见的腰椎滑脱,也是腰背痛和坐骨神经痛最常见的原因之一[1]。对于腰椎滑脱病人,除椎板切除减压外,多种外科手术技术如后外侧融合术、前路腰椎椎体间融合术(ALIF)、后路腰椎椎体间融合术(PLIF)和经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术(TLIF)等已被证实具有良好的椎体间融合效果[2]。其中TLIF后路内固定技术是腰椎间融合术(LIF)中最常用的手术方式之一[1, 3-6]。
目前行脊柱手术后病人的手术疗效主要根据病人手术前后矢状面形态学变化和健康相关生活质量评分(HRQoLs)进行评估[2]。HRQoLs包括Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)和疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)等。而最小临床重要差异(MCID)是指被病人认可的最小临床疗效评价问卷得分变化值,这种变化标志着症状和体征的重要改善[2, 7],因此,MCID可以被认为是病人需要多少“感觉更好”。在为病人行任何治疗措施后,MCID为客观描述病人对治疗的满意度提供了一种新的判断标准[8]。本研究旨在分析单节段IS病人行TLIF内固定术后影响HRQoLs中MCID的相关因素,并探讨其临床意义。
-
74例病人ODI、VAS腰痛和VAS腿痛改善评分达到MCID比例分别为81.1%、79.7%和73.0%。不同评分项目(ODI、VAS腰痛评分、VAS腿痛评分)下,2组病人年龄、性别差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),VAS腰痛评分项下,2组病人手术节段差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05);而ODI和VAS腿痛评分项下,2组病人的手术节段差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)(见表 1)。
分组 n 年龄/岁 男 女 手术节段 L4/5 L5/S1 MCID(ODI) A组 60 47.9±8.8 30 30 32(53.3) 28(46.7) N组 14 46.2±8.4 7 7 3(31.4) 11(78.6) χ2 — 0.66* 0.00 4.64 P — >0.05 >0.05 < 0.05 MCID(VAS腰痛) A组 59 47.8±9.0 29 30 28(47.5) 31(52.5) N组 15 47.7±7.8 7 8 7(46.7) 8(53.3) χ2 — 0.03* 0.03 0.00 P — >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 MCID(VAS腿痛) A组 54 48.3±9.1 27 27 30(85.7) 24(61.5) N组 20 46.6±7.9 9 11 5(25.0) 15(75.0) χ2 — 0.65* 0.15 5.47 P — >0.05 >0.05 < 0.05 *示t值 表 1 2组病人一般资料比较[n;百分率(%)]
-
除VAS腿痛评分下A组LL低于N组(P < 0.05)外, 不同评分项目(ODI、VAS腰痛评分、VAS腿痛评分)下,2组病人术前各项影像学参数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 2)。术后,VAS腿痛评分项下A组病人DH高于N组(P < 0.05),SL低于N组(P < 0.05);ODI评分下A组病人SL低于N组(P < 0.05);其他参数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 3)。
分组 n DH/mm SR/% SL/(°) TK/(°) LL/(°) PI/(°) PT/(°) SVA/mm MCID(ODI) A组 60 8.4±3.2 22.9±10.4 15.9±5.5 24.3±9.6 49.6±10.9 54.8±9.4 21.6±7.1 20.1±15.3 N组 14 8.1±3.1 20.5±9.9 16.3±5.2 23.6±9.5 51.2±11.5 55.9±9.7 20.6±7.5 19.2±14.5 t — 0.32 0.78 -0.23 0.23 0.53 -0.36 0.47 0.20 P — >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 MCID(VAS腰痛) A组 59 7.8±2.9 22.1±10.3 15.8±5.6 25.2±9.6 50.3±11.1 55.4±9.1 21.4±7.0 19.5±14.6 N组 15 8.2±3.1 21.1±9.8 15.5±5.9 24.8±11.3 52.4±9.8 55.2±9.5 21.0±6.7 19.1±13.9 t — -0.42 0.32 0.20 0.16 -0.39 0.09 0.16 0.12 P — >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 MCID(VAS腿痛) A组 54 8.2±3.1 23.1±10.1 15.6±5.7 25.9±9.9 47.3±10.6 55.6±8.7 21.8±6.8 19.2±14.9 N组 20 8.5±3.3 22.6±9.6 15.3±5.5 25.4±9.2 55.2±11.4 53.1±9.3 21.2±6.7 18.5±13.2 t — -0.34 0.21 0.27 0.21 2.43 1.10 0.37 0.19 P — >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 < 0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 表 2 2组病人术前影像学参数比较(x±s)
分组 n DH/mm SR/% SL/(°) TK/(°) LL/(°) PI/(°) PT/(°) SVA/mm MCID(ODI) A组 60 13.4±2.8 8.0±5.1 18.3±4.6 24.7±9.5 55.6±7.2 54.7±9.5 18.6±5.5 13.4±15.5 N组 14 12.3±2.8 8.3±5.1 22.3±4.9 24.1±9.2 56.5±7.1 55.8±9.6 18.2±5.7 12.6±14.8 t — 1.22 -0.16 -2.65 0.00 -0.38 -0.35 0.27 0.17 P — >0.05 >0.05 < 0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 MCID(VAS腰痛) A组 59 13.1±2.6 8.4±4.9 19.5±4.6 24.9±9.2 56.3±8.3 58.5±9.8 19.4±5.6 14.2±14.9 N组 15 12.5±2.4 8.7±4.7 20.5±4.8 26.1±9.5 55.7±8.4 57.5±9.9 20.5±6.1 14.1±13.6 t — 0.82 -0.23 -0.79 0.28 -0.31 0.44 -0.79 0.04 P — >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 MCID(VAS腿痛) A组 54 13.6±2.8 8.0±5.0 18.5±4.9 25.7±9.8 55.3±7.1 55.6±8.6 18.1±5.7 13.9±15.1 N组 20 12.1±2.8 8.2±4.6 21.7±5.4 25.1±9.3 57.2±7.2 54.9±9.1 17.6±5.7 14.4±13.6 t — 2.12 -0.13 -2.38 0.25 -0.99 0.32 0.37 -0.12 P — < 0.05 >0.05 < 0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 表 3 2组病人术后影像学参数比较(x±s)
-
不同评分项目(ODI、VAS腰痛评分、VAS腿痛评分)下,2组病人并发症发生情况差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 4)。
分组 n rASD sASD 假关节 总并发症 χ2 P MCID(ODI) A组 60 7(11.7) 1(1.7) 1(1.7) 9(15.0) N组 14 1(7.1) 0(0.0) 0(0.0) 1(7.1) 0.12 >0.05 合计 74 8(10.8) 1(1.3) 1(1.3) 10(13.5) MCID(VAS腰痛) A组 59 8(13.6) 1(1.7) 1(1.7) 10(16.9) N组 15 1(6.7) 0(0.0) 0(0.0) 1(6.7) 0.33 >0.05 合计 74 9(12.2) 1(1.3) 1(1.3) 11(14.9) MCID(VAS腿痛) A组 54 7(13) 1(1.9) 0(0.0) 8(14.0) N组 20 1(5.0) 0(0.0) 1(5.0) 2(10.0) 0.02 >0.05 合计 74 8(10.8) 1(1.3) 1(1.3) 10(13.5) 表 4 2组病人并发症发生情况比较[n;百分率(%)]
腰椎滑脱术后健康相关生活质量评分最小临床重要差异的相关因素分析
Analysis of the correlation factors of the MCID in healthrelated quality of life score after lumbar spondylolisthesis
-
摘要:
目的分析峡部裂性腰椎滑脱(IS)病人术后健康相关生活质量评分最小临床重要差异(MCID)的相关因素。 方法选取接受经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术内固定融合术的轻度单节段IS病人74例,术后随访24~49个月,将MCID定义为术后Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)改善>12和疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)腰痛及腿痛评分改善>3分。根据病人术后以上项目评分改善情况,将病人分为达到MCID组(A组)和未达到MCID组(N组)。比较2组病人在不同评分项目下一般资料、影像学参数和术后并发症情况。 结果74例病人ODI、VAS腰痛和VAS腿痛改善评分达到MCID比例分别为81.1%、79.7%和73.0%。不同评分项目(ODI、VAS腰痛评分、VAS腿痛评分)下,2组病人年龄、性别差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);VAS腰痛评分项下,2组病人手术节段差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),ODI和VAS腿痛评分项下,2组病人的手术节段差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。2组病人术前各项影像学参数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后,VAS腿痛评分项下A组病人椎间盘高度高于N组(P < 0.05),节段性前凸低于N组(P < 0.05);ODI评分下A组病人节段性前凸低于N组(P < 0.05);其他影像学参数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组病人各项并发症发生情况差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论对于行经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术内固定融合术的IS病人,合适的椎间盘高度重建较之取得更大的节段性前凸或者提高复位率可能更有意义。 -
关键词:
- 峡部裂性滑脱 /
- 健康相关生活质量评分 /
- 最小临床重要差异
Abstract:ObjectiveTo analyze the related factors of the minimal clinically important difference(MCID) in healthrelated quality of life score after isthmic spondylolisthesis(IS). MethodsA total of 74 low-grade IS patients treated with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) internal fixation fusion were investigated, and followed up for 24 to 49 months.The postoperative Oswestry disability index(ODI) improvement >12 scores and visual analogue scale(VAS) score of lower back pain and leg pain improvement >3 scores were defined as the MCID.The patients were divided into MCID group(group A) and no reaching MCID group(group N) according to the improvement scores of the above items.The general data, imaging parameters and postoperative complications were compared between two groups. ResultsThe proportions of the improvement scores of ODI, VAS back pain and VAS leg pain achieving the MCID were 81.1%, 79.7% and 73.0%, respectively.The differences of the age and sex in different scores of ODI, VAS back pain and VAS leg pain between two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Under the VAS score of low back pain, the difference of operative segment between two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05), and under the ODI and VAS leg pain score, the difference of operative segment between two groups was statistically significant(P < 0.05).There was no statistical significance in preoperative imaging parameters between two groups(P>0.05).After surgery, the disc height in group A was higher than that in group N(P < 0.05), and the segmental lordosis in group A was lower than that in group N(P < 0.05).Under the ODI score, the segmental lordosis in group A was lower than that in group N(P < 0.05).There was no statistical significance in other imaging parameters between two groups(P>0.05).There was no statistical significance in the incidence of complications between two groups(P>0.05). ConclusionsFor low-grade IS patients treated with TLIF, The appropriate disc height reconstruction may be more significant than achieving greater segmental lordosis or increasing reduction rate for low-grade IS patients. -
表 1 2组病人一般资料比较[n;百分率(%)]
分组 n 年龄/岁 男 女 手术节段 L4/5 L5/S1 MCID(ODI) A组 60 47.9±8.8 30 30 32(53.3) 28(46.7) N组 14 46.2±8.4 7 7 3(31.4) 11(78.6) χ2 — 0.66* 0.00 4.64 P — >0.05 >0.05 < 0.05 MCID(VAS腰痛) A组 59 47.8±9.0 29 30 28(47.5) 31(52.5) N组 15 47.7±7.8 7 8 7(46.7) 8(53.3) χ2 — 0.03* 0.03 0.00 P — >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 MCID(VAS腿痛) A组 54 48.3±9.1 27 27 30(85.7) 24(61.5) N组 20 46.6±7.9 9 11 5(25.0) 15(75.0) χ2 — 0.65* 0.15 5.47 P — >0.05 >0.05 < 0.05 *示t值 表 2 2组病人术前影像学参数比较(x±s)
分组 n DH/mm SR/% SL/(°) TK/(°) LL/(°) PI/(°) PT/(°) SVA/mm MCID(ODI) A组 60 8.4±3.2 22.9±10.4 15.9±5.5 24.3±9.6 49.6±10.9 54.8±9.4 21.6±7.1 20.1±15.3 N组 14 8.1±3.1 20.5±9.9 16.3±5.2 23.6±9.5 51.2±11.5 55.9±9.7 20.6±7.5 19.2±14.5 t — 0.32 0.78 -0.23 0.23 0.53 -0.36 0.47 0.20 P — >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 MCID(VAS腰痛) A组 59 7.8±2.9 22.1±10.3 15.8±5.6 25.2±9.6 50.3±11.1 55.4±9.1 21.4±7.0 19.5±14.6 N组 15 8.2±3.1 21.1±9.8 15.5±5.9 24.8±11.3 52.4±9.8 55.2±9.5 21.0±6.7 19.1±13.9 t — -0.42 0.32 0.20 0.16 -0.39 0.09 0.16 0.12 P — >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 MCID(VAS腿痛) A组 54 8.2±3.1 23.1±10.1 15.6±5.7 25.9±9.9 47.3±10.6 55.6±8.7 21.8±6.8 19.2±14.9 N组 20 8.5±3.3 22.6±9.6 15.3±5.5 25.4±9.2 55.2±11.4 53.1±9.3 21.2±6.7 18.5±13.2 t — -0.34 0.21 0.27 0.21 2.43 1.10 0.37 0.19 P — >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 < 0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 表 3 2组病人术后影像学参数比较(x±s)
分组 n DH/mm SR/% SL/(°) TK/(°) LL/(°) PI/(°) PT/(°) SVA/mm MCID(ODI) A组 60 13.4±2.8 8.0±5.1 18.3±4.6 24.7±9.5 55.6±7.2 54.7±9.5 18.6±5.5 13.4±15.5 N组 14 12.3±2.8 8.3±5.1 22.3±4.9 24.1±9.2 56.5±7.1 55.8±9.6 18.2±5.7 12.6±14.8 t — 1.22 -0.16 -2.65 0.00 -0.38 -0.35 0.27 0.17 P — >0.05 >0.05 < 0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 MCID(VAS腰痛) A组 59 13.1±2.6 8.4±4.9 19.5±4.6 24.9±9.2 56.3±8.3 58.5±9.8 19.4±5.6 14.2±14.9 N组 15 12.5±2.4 8.7±4.7 20.5±4.8 26.1±9.5 55.7±8.4 57.5±9.9 20.5±6.1 14.1±13.6 t — 0.82 -0.23 -0.79 0.28 -0.31 0.44 -0.79 0.04 P — >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 MCID(VAS腿痛) A组 54 13.6±2.8 8.0±5.0 18.5±4.9 25.7±9.8 55.3±7.1 55.6±8.6 18.1±5.7 13.9±15.1 N组 20 12.1±2.8 8.2±4.6 21.7±5.4 25.1±9.3 57.2±7.2 54.9±9.1 17.6±5.7 14.4±13.6 t — 2.12 -0.13 -2.38 0.25 -0.99 0.32 0.37 -0.12 P — < 0.05 >0.05 < 0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 表 4 2组病人并发症发生情况比较[n;百分率(%)]
分组 n rASD sASD 假关节 总并发症 χ2 P MCID(ODI) A组 60 7(11.7) 1(1.7) 1(1.7) 9(15.0) N组 14 1(7.1) 0(0.0) 0(0.0) 1(7.1) 0.12 >0.05 合计 74 8(10.8) 1(1.3) 1(1.3) 10(13.5) MCID(VAS腰痛) A组 59 8(13.6) 1(1.7) 1(1.7) 10(16.9) N组 15 1(6.7) 0(0.0) 0(0.0) 1(6.7) 0.33 >0.05 合计 74 9(12.2) 1(1.3) 1(1.3) 11(14.9) MCID(VAS腿痛) A组 54 7(13) 1(1.9) 0(0.0) 8(14.0) N组 20 1(5.0) 0(0.0) 1(5.0) 2(10.0) 0.02 >0.05 合计 74 8(10.8) 1(1.3) 1(1.3) 10(13.5) -
[1] AHSAN MK, SAKEB N, RAHMAN MG, et al.Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in symptomatic low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis[J].Mymensingh Med J, 2014, 23(3):471. [2] SEUK JW, BAE J, SHIN SH, et al.Long-term minimum clinically important difference in Health-Related Quality of Life Scores after instrumented iumbar interbody fusion for low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis[J].World Neurosurg, 2018, 117:e493. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.06.063 [3] THIRUKUMARAN CP, RAUDENBUSH B, LI Y, et al.National trends in the surgical management of adult lumbar isthmic spondylolisthesis:1998 to 2011[J].Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2016, 41(6):490. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000001238 [4] CHANDRA V, SINGH RK.Anterior lumbar inter-body fusion with instrumentation compared with posterolateral fusion for low grade isthmic-spondylolisthesis[J].Acta Orthop Belg, 2016, 82(1):23. [5] PAN J, LI L, QIAN L, et al.Spontaneous slip reduction of low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis following circumferential release via bilateral minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion:technical note and short-term outcome[J].Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2011, 36(4):283. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181cf7640 [6] WANG SJ, HAN YC, LIU XM, et al.Fusion techniques for adult isthmic spondylolisthesis:a systematic review[J].Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 2014, 134(6):777. doi: 10.1007/s00402-014-1985-9 [7] VAN DER ROER N, OSTELO RW, BEKKERING GE, et al.Minimal clinically important change for pain intensity, functional status, and general health status in patients with nonspecific low back pain[J].Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2006, 31(5):578. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000201293.57439.47 [8] COPAY AG, SUBACH BR, GLASSMAN SD, et al.Understanding the minimum clinically important difference:a review of concepts and methods[J].Spine J, 2007, 7(5):541. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2007.01.008 [9] BAE JS, LEE SH, KIM JS, et al.Adjacent segment degeneration after lumbar interbody fusion with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation for adult low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis:minimum 3 years of follow-up[J].Neurosurgery, 2010, 67(6):1600. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0b013e3181f91697 [10] LEE CS, HWANG CJ, LEE SW, et al.Risk factors for adjacent segment disease after lumbar fusion[J].Eur Spine J, 2009, 18(11):1637. doi: 10.1007/s00586-009-1060-3 [11] LEE DY, JUNG TG, LEE SH.Single-level instrumented mini-open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in elderly patients[J].J Neurosurg Spine, 2008, 9(2):137. doi: 10.3171/SPI/2008/9/8/137 [12] MIN JH, JANG JS, JUNG B, et al.The clinical characteristics and risk factors for the adjacent segment degeneration in instrumented lumbar fusion[J].J Spinal Disord Tech, 2008, 21(5):305. doi: 10.1097/BSD.0b013e318142b960 [13] PARK JY, CHO YE, KUH SU, et al.New prognostic factors for adjacent-segment degeneration after one-stage 360 degrees fixation for spondylolytic spondylolisthesis:special reference to the usefulness of pelvic incidence angle[J].J Neurosurg Spine, 2007, 7(2):139. doi: 10.3171/SPI-07/08/139 [14] CHOI KC, AHN Y, KANG BU, et al.Failed anterior lumbar interbody fusion due to incomplete foraminal decompression[J].Acta Neurochir (Wien), 2011, 153(3):567. doi: 10.1007/s00701-010-0876-2 [15] MURATA Y, KANAYA K, WADA H, et al.L5 radiculopathy due to foraminal stenosis accompanied with vacuum phenomena of the L5/S disc on radiography images in extension position[J].Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2015, 40(23):1831. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000001067 [16] TAY KS, BASSI A, YEO W, et al.Intraoperative reduction does not result in better outcomes in low-grade lumbar spondylolisthesis with neurogenic symptoms after minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion-a 5-year follow-up study[J].Spine J, 2016, 16(2):182. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2015.10.026 [17] DEBNATH UK, CHATTERJEE A, MCCONNELL JR, et al.Interbody fusion in low grade lumbar spondylolsithesis:clinical outcome does not correalte with slip reduction and neural foraminal dimension[J].Asian Spine J, 2016, 10(2):314. doi: 10.4184/asj.2016.10.2.314 [18] HAGENMAIER HS, DELAWI D, Verschoor N, et al.No correlation between slip reduction in low-grade spondylolisthesis or change in neuroforaminal morphology and clinical outcome[J].BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 2013, 14(1):245. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-14-245 [19] 黄卫国, 海涌.成人腰椎滑脱症复位程度对临床疗效的影响[J].实用骨科杂志, 2014, 20(4):293. [20] 李危石, 陈仲强, 郭昭庆.椎间植骨融合与横突间植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症的比较[J].中国脊柱脊髓杂志, 2005, 15(1):20. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-406X.2005.01.011