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老年人是冠心病合并高血压的高发人群,其不良生活方式、异常血脂水平、高血压等均是导致该病的重要因素,其中高血压是冠心病的最主要致病因素[1],相关调查[2]结果表明,高血压病人患冠心病的概率是健康人群的3倍。随着医疗技术和器械的不断发展,经皮冠状介入术因具有疗效显著、手术创伤小的优势而被广泛应用于冠心病合并高血压病人的治疗中,但术后仅给予病人常规干预及药物治疗难以取得显著效果,部分病人还会因为长期药物治疗造成依从性不佳,影响治疗效果[3-4]。本研究对我院收治的老年冠心病合并高血压病人给予长距离快走锻炼,观察干预效果。现作报道。
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干预前,2组收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预6个月后,2组收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压均明显低于干预前(P < 0.01),且观察组明显低于对照组(P < 0.01)(见表 1)。
分组 收缩压 舒张压 平均动脉压 干预前 对照组 137.15±7.62 96.16±5.62 109.75±7.48 观察组 137.04±7.45 96.03±5.71 109.63±7.19 t 0.07 0.12 0.08 P >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 干预后 对照组 132.92±6.74** 91.73±5.44** 100.02±6.48** 观察组 125.71±6.59** 85.27±5.03** 92.02±6.18** t 5.52 6.29 6.44 P < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 组内配对t检验:**P < 0.01 表 1 2组干预前后血压水平比较(ni=52;x±s;mmHg)
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干预前,2组HR、VCO2、VO2peak、MET、VE/VCO2差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预6个月后,观察组HR、VCO2、VO2peak、MET均明显高于干预前(P < 0.01),VCO2、VO2peak水平明显高于对照组(P < 0.01),HR明显低于对照组(P < 0.01)(见表 2)。
分组 HR/(次/分) VCO2/(L/min) VO2peak/(mL·kg-1·min-1) MET VE/VCO2 干预前 对照组 83.28±8.11 1.38±0.37 21.56±5.17 5.71±1.20 35.72±4.62 观察组 83.47±8.05 1.36±0.39 21.72±5.71 5.75±1.19 35.81±4.71 t 0.12 0.27 0.15 0.17 0.10 P >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 干预后 对照组 81.92±6.57 1.41±0.45 22.06±5.37 5.99±1.21 35.02±2.48 观察组 71.16±6.17** 1.64±0.39** 25.01±5.15** 6.21±1.24** 35.11±2.33 t 8.44 2.79 2.86 0.92 0.19 P < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 >0.05 >0.05 组内配对t检验:**P < 0.01 表 2 2组干预前后心肺功能指标比较(ni=52;x±s)
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干预前,2组心绞痛稳定程度、躯体活动受限程度、心绞痛发作频率、疾病认知程度、治疗满意程度评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预6个月后,2组各评分均明显高于干预前(P < 0.01),且观察组各项评分均明显高于对照组(P < 0.01)(见表 3)。
分组 心绞痛稳定程度 躯体活动受限程度 心绞痛发作频率 疾病认知程度 治疗满意程度 干预前 对照组 50.82±5.22 55.38±9.39 55.73±9.58 48.89±10.13 60.26±10.35 观察组 50.79±5.31 55.17±10.21 54.98±10.03 48.87±10.05 60.51±10.41 t 0.03 0.11 0.39 0.01 0.12 P >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 干预后 对照组 65.02±10.01** 70.02±9.95** 65.84±10.79** 52.49±10.62** 68.52±9.43** 观察组 81.16±11.04** 82.27±10.05** 85.41±9.37** 69.36±11.71** 80.28±10.52** t 7.81 6.25 9.88 7.70 6.00 P < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 组内配对t检验:**P < 0.01 表 3 2组干预前后生活质量比较(ni=52;x±s;分)
长距离快走锻炼应用于老年冠心病合并高血压病人介入术后的效果
Aapplication value of long-distance fast walking exercise in patients with coronary heart disease complicated with hypertension after interventional operation
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摘要:
目的探讨长距离快走锻炼应用于老年冠心病合并高血压病人介入术后的效果。 方法选择行经皮冠脉介入术治疗的老年冠心病合并高血压病人104例,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各52例。对照组行常规干预,观察组在对照组基础上行长距离快走锻炼干预。比较2组干预前后血压、心肺功能和生活质量变化。 结果干预6个月后,2组收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压均明显低于干预前(P < 0.01),且观察组明显低于对照组(P < 0.01);观察组心率、CO2排出量、峰值摄氧量、代谢当量均明显高于干预前(P < 0.01),CO2排出量、峰值摄氧量水平明显高于对照组(P < 0.01),心率明显低于对照组(P < 0.01);2组心绞痛稳定程度、躯体活动受限程度、心绞痛发9作频率、疾病认知程度、治疗满意程度评分均明显高于干预前(P < 0.01),且观察组各项评分均明显高于对照组(P < 0.01)。 结论长距离快走锻炼可有效改善老年冠心病合并高血压介入术后病人的血压水平、心肺功能,促进生活质量提升,值得推广。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of long-distance fast walking exercise on the postoperative interventional therapy in elderly patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) complicated with hypertension. MethodsA total of 104 elderly CHD complicated with hypertension patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention was divided into the observation group and control group according to the random number table(52 cases in each group).The control group were treated with routine intervention, and the observation group was additionally treated with long-distance fast walking exercise on the basis of control group.The blood pressure, cardiopulmonary function and quality of life in two groups were compared between before and after intervention. ResultsAfter 6 months of intervention, the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure in two groups were lower than those before intervention(P < 0.01), and which in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group(P < 0.01).The heart rate(HR), CO2 emission(VCO2), peak oxygen uptake(VO2 peak) and metabolic equivalent in observation group after intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention(P < 0.01), the levels of VCO2 and VO2 peak in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group(P < 0.01), and the HR in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group(P < 0.01).The angina stability, limited physical activity, frequency of angina attack, disease cognition and treatment satisfaction in two groups after intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention(P < 0.01), and the all items scores in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.01). ConclusionsLong-distance fast walking exercise can effectively improve the blood pressure level, cardiopulmonary function and quality of life in elderly patients with CHDcomplicated with hypertension.It is worthy of promotion. -
表 1 2组干预前后血压水平比较(ni=52;x±s;mmHg)
分组 收缩压 舒张压 平均动脉压 干预前 对照组 137.15±7.62 96.16±5.62 109.75±7.48 观察组 137.04±7.45 96.03±5.71 109.63±7.19 t 0.07 0.12 0.08 P >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 干预后 对照组 132.92±6.74** 91.73±5.44** 100.02±6.48** 观察组 125.71±6.59** 85.27±5.03** 92.02±6.18** t 5.52 6.29 6.44 P < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 组内配对t检验:**P < 0.01 表 2 2组干预前后心肺功能指标比较(ni=52;x±s)
分组 HR/(次/分) VCO2/(L/min) VO2peak/(mL·kg-1·min-1) MET VE/VCO2 干预前 对照组 83.28±8.11 1.38±0.37 21.56±5.17 5.71±1.20 35.72±4.62 观察组 83.47±8.05 1.36±0.39 21.72±5.71 5.75±1.19 35.81±4.71 t 0.12 0.27 0.15 0.17 0.10 P >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 干预后 对照组 81.92±6.57 1.41±0.45 22.06±5.37 5.99±1.21 35.02±2.48 观察组 71.16±6.17** 1.64±0.39** 25.01±5.15** 6.21±1.24** 35.11±2.33 t 8.44 2.79 2.86 0.92 0.19 P < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 >0.05 >0.05 组内配对t检验:**P < 0.01 表 3 2组干预前后生活质量比较(ni=52;x±s;分)
分组 心绞痛稳定程度 躯体活动受限程度 心绞痛发作频率 疾病认知程度 治疗满意程度 干预前 对照组 50.82±5.22 55.38±9.39 55.73±9.58 48.89±10.13 60.26±10.35 观察组 50.79±5.31 55.17±10.21 54.98±10.03 48.87±10.05 60.51±10.41 t 0.03 0.11 0.39 0.01 0.12 P >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 干预后 对照组 65.02±10.01** 70.02±9.95** 65.84±10.79** 52.49±10.62** 68.52±9.43** 观察组 81.16±11.04** 82.27±10.05** 85.41±9.37** 69.36±11.71** 80.28±10.52** t 7.81 6.25 9.88 7.70 6.00 P < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 组内配对t检验:**P < 0.01 -
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