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流行病学调查[1]显示,孕妇孕期营养不良、消瘦、肥胖都可影响胎儿的生长发育,成年时期发生慢性疾病的概率亦与此相关。孕期营养是孕期保健的重要内容,孕期体质量是反映孕妇及胎儿营养状况的重要指标,对孕期体质量进行定期监测,根据体质量情况适当调整饮食结构,将体质量维持在合理的范围,对于产妇和胎儿健康具有重要意义[2]。本研究分析孕期体质量管理对孕妇产程和分娩结局的影响。现作报道。
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体质量管理组产妇的剖宫产率低于对照组,自然分娩率高于对照组(P < 0.05)(见表 1)。2组经阴道分娩产妇共75例,体质量管理组的会阴道损伤程度明显低于对照组(P < 0.01)(见表 2)。
分组 n 剖宫产 自然分娩 产钳助产 χ2 P 体质量管理组 50 5(10.0) 44(88.0) 1(2.0) 对照组 50 16(32.0) 31(62.0) 3(6.0) 9.02 < 0.05 合计 100 21(21.0) 75(75.0) 4(4.0) 表 1 2组产妇分娩方式比较[n;百分率(%)]
分组 n Ⅰ度裂伤 Ⅱ度裂伤 侧切 χ2 P 体质量管理组 44 27(61.36) 15(34.09) 2(4.55) 对照组 31 6(19.35) 15(48.39) 10(32.26) 16.95 < 0.01 合计 75 33(44.0) 30(40.0) 12(16.0) 表 2 2组产妇阴道分娩会阴损伤情况比较[n;百分率(%)]
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体质量管理组产妇的第一产程、第二产程、第三产程和总产程均短于对照组(P < 0.05~P < 0.01)(见表 3)。
分组 n 第一产程 第二产程 第三产程 总产程 体质量管理组 50 391.5±42.6 34.3±3.6 8.5±1.2 432.5±33.7 对照组 50 585.3±56.9 72.5±8.4 9.0±1.0 665.3±57.8 t — 19.28 29.56 2.26 24.6 P — < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.05 < 0.01 表 3 2组产妇的产程时间比较(x±s;min)
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2组不良事件主要包括产程阻滞、产后出血、巨大儿、胎儿窘迫、新生儿病理性黄疸、新生儿窒息。体质量管理组妊娠不良事件发生率为32.0%(16/50),明显低于对照组的64.0%(32/50)(χ2=10.26, P < 0.01)。
孕期体质量管理对孕妇产程时间和分娩结局的影响
Effect of the body weight management on pregnant woman labor and delivery outcome
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摘要:
目的探讨孕期体质量管理对孕妇产程和分娩结局的影响。 方法选取产妇100例作为研究对象,按照管理方法分为体质量管理组和对照组,各50例。对照组给予传统管理方法,体质量管理组给予孕期体质量管理。比较2组产妇分娩方式、会阴损伤情况、产程和妊娠不良事件发生率。 结果体质量管理组产妇的剖宫产率低于对照组,自然分娩率高于对照组(P < 0.05)。2组经阴道分娩产妇共75例,体质量管理组的会阴道损伤程度明显低于对照组(P < 0.01)。体质量管理组产妇的第一产程、第二产程、第三产程和总产程均短于对照组(P < 0.05~P < 0.01)。体质量管理组妊娠不良事件发生率明显低于对照组(P < 0.01)。 结论孕期体质量管理能促使产程缩短、提高自然分娩率、降低妊娠不良事件发生率。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo explore the effects of body weight management on pregnant woman labor and delivery outcome. MethodsOne hundred puerperas were divided into the body weight management group and control group according to the management method(50 cases in each group).The control group was dealed with traditional management method, and the body weight management group were dealed with weight management during pregnancy.The delivery methods, perineal injury, duration of labor and adverse events were compared bewteen two groups. ResultsThe cesarean delivery rate and natural delivery rate in body weight management group were lower and higher than that in control group, respectively(P < 0.05).There were 75 cases of vaginal delivery in two groups, and the degree of vaginal damage in body weight management group was significantly lower than that in control group(P < 0.01).The first, second, third and total duration of labor in body weight management group were significantly shorter than those in control group(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).And the incidence rate of adverse pregnancy events in body weight management group was significantly lower than that in control group(P < 0.01). ConclusionsBody weight management during pregnancy can shorten the duration of labor, increase the rate of natural delivery, and reduce the incidence rate of adverse pregnancy events. -
Key words:
- body weight management /
- pregnancy /
- delievery outcome /
- duration of labor
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表 1 2组产妇分娩方式比较[n;百分率(%)]
分组 n 剖宫产 自然分娩 产钳助产 χ2 P 体质量管理组 50 5(10.0) 44(88.0) 1(2.0) 对照组 50 16(32.0) 31(62.0) 3(6.0) 9.02 < 0.05 合计 100 21(21.0) 75(75.0) 4(4.0) 表 2 2组产妇阴道分娩会阴损伤情况比较[n;百分率(%)]
分组 n Ⅰ度裂伤 Ⅱ度裂伤 侧切 χ2 P 体质量管理组 44 27(61.36) 15(34.09) 2(4.55) 对照组 31 6(19.35) 15(48.39) 10(32.26) 16.95 < 0.01 合计 75 33(44.0) 30(40.0) 12(16.0) 表 3 2组产妇的产程时间比较(x±s;min)
分组 n 第一产程 第二产程 第三产程 总产程 体质量管理组 50 391.5±42.6 34.3±3.6 8.5±1.2 432.5±33.7 对照组 50 585.3±56.9 72.5±8.4 9.0±1.0 665.3±57.8 t — 19.28 29.56 2.26 24.6 P — < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.05 < 0.01 -
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