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口腔鳞状细胞癌(oral squamous cell carcinoma, OSCC)是生长快速、具有早期浸润和转移特点的细胞高增殖性肿瘤,是口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤最常见的病理类型,约占90%[1]。OSCC的发生、发展是多因素相互作用的结果,多种蛋白和基因的异常表达是病变形成的重要促进因素[2]。此外,长期吸烟、饮酒及HPV感染等都是OSCC发生的高危因素[3-4]。临床针对OSCC病人多采用综合序列治疗,但OSCC早期症状不明显, 晚期常伴随远处淋巴结转移,致其5年总体生存率低于50%[5]。研究[6]发现,SOX基因家族成员的异常表达参与肿瘤增殖、转移及凋亡等进程,在肿瘤发生、发展过程中起重要作用。SOX9基因属于SOXE亚族,在卵巢癌[7]、睾丸癌[8]等癌症中呈强阳性表达,且表达水平的高低与肿瘤的生长和转移有关[9]。SOX3基因属于SOXB1亚族,可抑制祖细胞分化[10],其在卵巢癌细胞中亦呈高表达[11]。研究[12-13]显示,SOX3、SOX9都可通过激活Wnt/β-catenin通路促进肿瘤细胞的增殖、迁移。本研究采用免疫组织化学染色法检测SOX3、SOX9在OSCC中的蛋白表达情况,分析其与临床病理参数之间的相关性,探讨SOX3、SOX9在OSCC临床病理诊断中的应用价值。现作报道。
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SOX3、SOX9在OSCC及相应癌旁组织中均呈阳性表达,细胞核见黄色或棕褐色颗粒(见图 1);SOX3、SOX9在OSCC组织中阳性表达率均明显高于相应癌旁组织(P < 0.01)(见表 1)。
分组 n SOX3 SOX9 OSCC 60 33(55.00) 31(51.67) 癌旁组织 60 10(16.67) 9(15.00) χ2 — 19.17 18.15 P — < 0.01 < 0.01 表 1 SOX3、SOX9蛋白在OSCC及相应癌旁组织中阳性表达率比较[n;百分率(%)]
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单因素分析显示,不同TNM分期和淋巴结转移情况病人的SOX3、SOX9蛋白表达水平差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05~P < 0.01),而不同性别、年龄、肿瘤分化程度病人的SOX3、SOX9表达水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)(见表 2)。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,TNM分期、淋巴结转移均为SOX3、SOX9表达的独立影响因素(P < 0.01)(见表 3~4)。相关分析显示,OSCC组织中SOX3与SOX9蛋白表达呈明显正相关关系(r=0.398,P < 0.01)。
临床参数 n SOX3 χ2 P SOX9 χ2 P + - + - 性别 男 40 23 17 0.30 >0.05 20 20 0.13 >0.05 女 20 10 10 11 9 年龄/岁 ≥60 44 23 21 0.50 >0.05 22 22 0.18 >0.05 < 60 16 10 6 9 7 TNM分期 T1+T2 38 16 22 6.96 < 0.05 15 23 6.17 < 0.05 T3+T4 22 17 5 16 6 肿瘤分化程度 高 42 23 19 0.00 >0.05 19 23 2.32 >0.05 中低 18 10 8 12 6 淋巴结转移 有 15 13 2 6.49 < 0.05 14 1 13.90 < 0.01 无 45 20 25 17 28 表 2 SOX3、SOX9表达与OSCC病人临床病理参数的单因素分析(n)
因素 B SE Waldχ2 P OR 95%CI TNM分期 3.121 0.801 15.168 < 0.01 22.667 4.713~109.017 淋巴结转移 3.769 0.980 14.793 < 0.01 43.333 6.349~295.759 表 3 SOX3阳性表达与OSCC临床病理参数的logistic回归分析
因素 B SE Waldχ2 P OR 95%CI TNM分期 4.072 1.129 13.008 < 0.01 58.667 6.418~536.279 淋巴结转移 5.730 1.455 15.511 < 0.01 308.000 17.787~5 333.441 表 4 SOX9阳性表达与OSCC临床病理参数的logistic回归分析
SOX3、SOX9在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的表达及其临床意义
Expression and clinical significance of SOX3 and SOX9 in oral squamous cell carcinoma
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摘要:
目的 探讨口腔鳞状细胞癌(oral squamous cell carcinoma, OSCC)和癌旁组织中SOX3、SOX9蛋白表达情况及临床意义。 方法 采用免疫组织化学染色法检测60例OSCC组织及相应癌旁正常组织中SOX3、SOX9蛋白表达情况,分析SOX3、SOX9在OSCC中的表达及其与临床病理因素的相关性。 结果 SOX3、SOX9在OSCC组织中阳性表达率均明显高于相应癌旁组织(P < 0.01)。单因素分析显示,不同TNM分期和淋巴结转移情况的病人其SOX3、SOX9蛋白表达水平差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05~P < 0.01),而不同性别、年龄、肿瘤分化程度病人的SOX3、SOX9表达水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,TNM分期、淋巴结转移均为SOX3、SOX9表达的独立影响因素(P < 0.01)。相关分析显示,OSCC组织中SOX3与SOX9蛋白表达呈明显正相关关系(r=0.398,P < 0.01)。 结论 SOX3、SOX9可能参与OSCC的发生、发展过程,对肿瘤的侵袭和转移起促进作用。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the expression levels and clinical significance of SOX3 and SOX9 in the oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC). Methods The expression levels of SOX3 and SOX9 protein in 60 cases of OSCC tissue and adjacent normal tissue were detected using immunohistochemistry method.The relationship between the expression levels SOX3 and SOX9, and clinicopathologic features were analyzed. Results The positive rates of SOX3 and SOX9 in OSCC tissue were significantly higher than those in paracancerous normal tissue(P < 0.01).The results of univariate analysis showed that the differences of the expression levels of SOX3 and SOX9 protein in patients with different TNM stages and lymph node metastasis were statistically significant(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01), while there was no statistical significance in the protein expression levels of SOX3 and SOX9 in patients with different gender, age and degree of tumor differentiation(P>0.05).The results of logistic multifactor regression analysis showed that the TNM stage and lymph node metastasis were the independent influencing factors of SOX3 and SOX9 expression(P < 0.01).The results of correlation analysis showed that the expression of SOX3 was positively correlated with expression level of SOX9 protein in OSCC tissue(r=0.398, P < 0.01). Conclusions The SOX3 and SOX9 may be involved in the occurrence and development of oral squamous cell carcinoma, and promote the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. -
Key words:
- oral squamous cell carcinoma /
- SOX3 /
- SOX9
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表 1 SOX3、SOX9蛋白在OSCC及相应癌旁组织中阳性表达率比较[n;百分率(%)]
分组 n SOX3 SOX9 OSCC 60 33(55.00) 31(51.67) 癌旁组织 60 10(16.67) 9(15.00) χ2 — 19.17 18.15 P — < 0.01 < 0.01 表 2 SOX3、SOX9表达与OSCC病人临床病理参数的单因素分析(n)
临床参数 n SOX3 χ2 P SOX9 χ2 P + - + - 性别 男 40 23 17 0.30 >0.05 20 20 0.13 >0.05 女 20 10 10 11 9 年龄/岁 ≥60 44 23 21 0.50 >0.05 22 22 0.18 >0.05 < 60 16 10 6 9 7 TNM分期 T1+T2 38 16 22 6.96 < 0.05 15 23 6.17 < 0.05 T3+T4 22 17 5 16 6 肿瘤分化程度 高 42 23 19 0.00 >0.05 19 23 2.32 >0.05 中低 18 10 8 12 6 淋巴结转移 有 15 13 2 6.49 < 0.05 14 1 13.90 < 0.01 无 45 20 25 17 28 表 3 SOX3阳性表达与OSCC临床病理参数的logistic回归分析
因素 B SE Waldχ2 P OR 95%CI TNM分期 3.121 0.801 15.168 < 0.01 22.667 4.713~109.017 淋巴结转移 3.769 0.980 14.793 < 0.01 43.333 6.349~295.759 表 4 SOX9阳性表达与OSCC临床病理参数的logistic回归分析
因素 B SE Waldχ2 P OR 95%CI TNM分期 4.072 1.129 13.008 < 0.01 58.667 6.418~536.279 淋巴结转移 5.730 1.455 15.511 < 0.01 308.000 17.787~5 333.441 -
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