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孕妇在妊娠20周后出现新发高血压病和蛋白尿或无蛋白尿但出现其他严重症状时,称为子痫前期(preeclampsia,PE)。2019年ACOG妊娠期高血压疾病妇产科医师临床管理指南中指出,15%妊娠期高血压病人将进展为子痫前期或者子痫。以往PE按照轻、重程度可分为轻度PE和重度PE,现在主要按照发病时间分为早发型PE及晚发型PE,并提出有严重症状的PE和无严重症状的PE。PE是初产妇的主要疾病, 虽然目前发病率尚不明确,但有研究报道其发病率为6%~8%[1]。健康孕妇体内处于一种高凝状态,这主要与病人体内凝血因子的增加和纤溶活性降低有关,这些主要是为了预防产时和产后出现机体的正常生理变化,但是PE病人凝血及纤溶系统平衡异常失调,可能与抗凝与血管内皮细胞损伤、纤溶-抗纤溶因子、凝血-抗凝血因子发生改变有关。基于这一理论,本实验主要回顾性分析早发型、晚发型PE孕妇及健康孕妇凝血功能指标及血小板参数等指标差异,探讨这些指标对于PE的意义,从而做到对PE病人早发现、早预防、早治疗。
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观察组1 BMI、D-D、SBP、DBP、MPV高于对照组1(P < 0.01)。观察组2 BMI、SBP、DBP高于对照组2(P < 0.01)。观察组1 D-D高于观察组2(P < 0.01)。对照组2 BMI、D-D、DBP、MPV高于对照组1(P < 0.05~P < 0.01)。观察组BMI、D-D、SBP、DBP、MPV水平高于对照组(P < 0.01)(见表 1、2)。
分组 n BMI/(kg/m2) D-D/(μg/mL) SBP/mmHg DBP/mmHg PLT/(×109/L) MPV/fL PDW/% 观察组1 39 29.06±4.29 1.80±1.09 154.69±13.69 102.35±8.98 201.02±68.25 11.14±1.48 14.40±3.13 观察组2 39 30.74±4.03 1.13±0.42** 153.36±9.97 98.92±9.08 226.28±65.12 10.99±1.01 13.61±2.73 对照组1 40 24.83±3.37**## 0.46±0.39**## 121.20±10.32**## 73.38±8.94**## 217.40±48.27 10.19±0.92**## 12.47±3.13 对照组2 40 27.66±3.12##ΔΔ 1.26±0.60**ΔΔ 124±10.48**## 77.18±7.60**##Δ 218.35± 57.48 10.84±1.08Δ 14.02±3.85 F — 17.83 25.74 104.05 114.98 1.21 5.33 2.64 P — < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 >0.05 < 0.01 >0.05 MS组内 — 13.890 0.466 125.559 75.110 3622.555 1.302 10.491 q检验:与观察组1比较**P < 0.01;与观察组2比较##P < 0.01;与对照组1比较ΔP < 0.05ΔΔP < 0.01; 表 1 各组BMI、D-D、SBP、DBP、DBP、PLT、MPV、PDW水平比较(x±s)
分组 n BMI/(kg/m2) D-D/(μg/mL) SBP/mmHg DBP/mmHg PLT/(×109/L) MPV/fL PDW/% 观察组 78 29.90±4.22 1.47±0.88 154.03±11.92 100.64±9.14 213.65±67.48 11.07±1.27 14.01±2.95 对照组 80 26.25±3.53 0.87±0.65 123.00±10.50 75.25±8.48 217.88±52.74 10.52±1.05 13.25±3.58 t — 5.90 4.88 17.31 18.04 0.44 2.95 1.46 P — < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 >0.05 < 0.01 >0.05 表 2 观察组与对照组BMI、D-D、SBP、DBP、DBP、PLT、MPV、PDW水平比较(x±s)
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观察组1 PT、INR、APTT、FIB、TT与对照组1比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05~P < 0.01)。观察组2 PT、INR、FIB、TT与对照组2比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。观察组1 TT与观察组2组比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。对照组1 FIB、TT与对照组2比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。观察组PT、INR、APTT、FIB、TT与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)(见表 3、4)。
分组 n PT/s INR APTT/s FIB/(g/L) TT/s 观察组1 39 9.95±0.65 0.86±0.05 26.16±3.02 4.18±1.02 14.47±1.69 观察组2 39 10.16+0.50 0.88±0.05 26.85±2.83 4.49±1.15 13.48±1.27* 对照组1 40 10.70±0.70**## 0.95±0.06**## 29.01±3.18**## 4.67±0.94* 13.03±0.92** 对照组2 40 10.85±0.88**## 0.96±0.07**## 27.84±2.28* 6.32±3.34**##ΔΔ 11.71±3.44**##ΔΔ F — 14.94 29.05 7.50 10.05 12.03 P — < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 MS组内 0.486 0.003 8.104 3.632 4.314 q检验:与观察组1比较*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01;与观察组2比较##P < 0.01;与对照组1比较ΔP < 0.05,ΔΔP < 0.01 表 3 各组PT、INR、APTT、FIB、TT指标比较(x±s)
分组 n PT/s INR APTT/s FIB/(g/L) TT/s 观察组 78 10.06±0.59 0.87±0.05 26.51±2.93 4.34±1.10 13.98±1.57 对照组 80 10.78±0.80 0.96±0.07 28.43±2.82 5.50±5.29 12.37±2.60 t — 6.44 9.13 4.20 3.67 4.68 P — < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 表 4 观察组与对照组PT、INR、APTT、FIB、TT指标比较(x±s)
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PE病人D-D与孕周、PT、INR、APTT、TT、PLT均呈负相关关系(r=-0.289、-0.235、-0.247、-0.236、-0.351、-0.286,P < 0.05~P < 0.01)。PE病人D-D与FIB、MPV、PDW无相关性(P>0.05)。
凝血功能指标及血小板参数与子痫前期的相关性研究
Correlation between coagulation function, platelet parameters and preeclampsia
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摘要:
目的分析病人凝血功能指标及血小板参数,探讨其对子痫前期(PE)的临床意义。 方法选取符合PE诊断的孕妇78例为观察组,并按照发病时间分为观察组1(早发型PE组,孕周20~ < 34周)和观察组2(晚发型PE组,孕周≥34周)。同时选取产检的健康孕妇80例作为对照组,对照组同样按照孕周分为对照组1(孕周20~ < 34周)和对照组2(孕周≥34周)。所有受试者采血和测血压,检测凝血功能指标、血小板参数。采用Pearson相关分析验证D-二聚体(D-D)与凝血功能指标之间的关系。 结果观察组1的体质量指数(BMI)、D-D、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、平均血小板体积(MPV)、血小板分布宽度(PDW)值高于对照组1(P < 0.01)。观察组2 BMI、SBP、DBP值高于对照组2(P < 0.01)。观察组1 D-D值高于观察组2(P < 0.01)。对照组2 BMI、D-D、DBP、MPV水平高于对照组1(P < 0.05~P < 0.01)。观察组BMI、D-D、SBP、DBP、MPV水平高于对照组(P < 0.01)。观察组1凝血酶原时间(PT)、国际标准化比值(INR)、活化部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)、血浆纤维蛋白原(FIB)、凝血酶时间(TT)水平与对照组1比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05~P < 0.01)。观察组2 PT、INR、FIB、TT水平与对照组2比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。观察组1 TT与观察组2比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。对照组1 FIB、TT与对照组2比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。观察组PT、INR、APTT、FIB、TT水平与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。PE病人D-D与孕周、PT、INR、APTT、TT、PLT均呈负相关关系(r=-0.289、-0.235、-0.247、-0.236、-0.351、-0.286,P < 0.05~P < 0.01)。PE病人D-D与FIB、MPV、PDW无明显相关性(P>0.05)。 结论早发型PE病人高凝血状态较晚发型PE病人更为明显,PE病人D-D与凝血功能密切相关,D-D可以作为预测PE发病的生物学标志物。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo analyze the coagulation function index and platelet parameters of patients, and explore their clinical significance in preeclampsia (PE). MethodsSeventy-eight pregnant women with PE were set as the observation group, and subdivided into the observation group 1 (early PE group, 20 weeks ≤gestational weeks < 34 weeks) and observation group 2 (late PE group, onset ≥34 weeks).At the same time, 80 healthy pregnant women were set as the control group, and subdivided into the control group 1 (20 weeks ≤gestational weeks < 34 weeks) and control group 2 (onset ≥34 weeks).The blood of all cases was collected, and the blood pressure was measured.The indicators of coagulation function and platelet parameters were detected.The correlation between D-dimer (D-D) and coagulation function indexes were analyzed using the Pearson test. ResultsThe body mass index (BMI), D-D, systolic pressure (SBP), diastolic pressure (DBP), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) in observation group 1 were higher than those in control group 1 (P < 0.01).The BMI, SBP and DBP in observation group 2 were higher than those in control group 2 (P < 0.01).The D-D in observation 1 group was higher than that in observation group 2 (P < 0.01).The levels of BMI, D-D, DBP and MPV in control group 2 were higher than those in control group 1 (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).The levels of BMI, D-D, SBP, DBP and MPV in observation group were higher than those in control group (P < 0.01).The differences of the levels of PT, INR, APTT, FIB and TT between the observation group 1 and control group 1 were statistically significant (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).The differences of the levels of PT, INR, FIB and TT between the observation group 2 and control group 2 were statistically significant (P < 0.01).The difference of the level of TT between the observation group 1 and observation group 2 was statistically significant (P < 0.05).The differences of the levels of FIB and TT between the control group 1 and control group 2 were statistically significant (P < 0.01).The differences of the levels of PT, INR, APTT, FIB and TT between the observation group and control group were statistically significant (P < 0.01).The D-D in PE patients was negatively correlated with the levels of gestational weeks, PT, INR, APTT, and TT (r=-0.289, -0.235, -0.247, -0.236, -0.351, -0.286, P < 0.05 to P < 0.01), and the D-D was not correlated with the levels of FIB, MPV, and PDW in PE patients (P>0.05). ConclusionsThe high coagulation status in early PE patients is more obvious than that in late PE patients.The D-D in PE patients is closely related to coagulation function, and the D-D can be used as a biological marker to predict the incidence of PE. -
Key words:
- preeclampsia /
- D-dimer /
- coagulation function /
- platelet parameter
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表 1 各组BMI、D-D、SBP、DBP、DBP、PLT、MPV、PDW水平比较(x±s)
分组 n BMI/(kg/m2) D-D/(μg/mL) SBP/mmHg DBP/mmHg PLT/(×109/L) MPV/fL PDW/% 观察组1 39 29.06±4.29 1.80±1.09 154.69±13.69 102.35±8.98 201.02±68.25 11.14±1.48 14.40±3.13 观察组2 39 30.74±4.03 1.13±0.42** 153.36±9.97 98.92±9.08 226.28±65.12 10.99±1.01 13.61±2.73 对照组1 40 24.83±3.37**## 0.46±0.39**## 121.20±10.32**## 73.38±8.94**## 217.40±48.27 10.19±0.92**## 12.47±3.13 对照组2 40 27.66±3.12##ΔΔ 1.26±0.60**ΔΔ 124±10.48**## 77.18±7.60**##Δ 218.35± 57.48 10.84±1.08Δ 14.02±3.85 F — 17.83 25.74 104.05 114.98 1.21 5.33 2.64 P — < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 >0.05 < 0.01 >0.05 MS组内 — 13.890 0.466 125.559 75.110 3622.555 1.302 10.491 q检验:与观察组1比较**P < 0.01;与观察组2比较##P < 0.01;与对照组1比较ΔP < 0.05ΔΔP < 0.01; 表 2 观察组与对照组BMI、D-D、SBP、DBP、DBP、PLT、MPV、PDW水平比较(x±s)
分组 n BMI/(kg/m2) D-D/(μg/mL) SBP/mmHg DBP/mmHg PLT/(×109/L) MPV/fL PDW/% 观察组 78 29.90±4.22 1.47±0.88 154.03±11.92 100.64±9.14 213.65±67.48 11.07±1.27 14.01±2.95 对照组 80 26.25±3.53 0.87±0.65 123.00±10.50 75.25±8.48 217.88±52.74 10.52±1.05 13.25±3.58 t — 5.90 4.88 17.31 18.04 0.44 2.95 1.46 P — < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 >0.05 < 0.01 >0.05 表 3 各组PT、INR、APTT、FIB、TT指标比较(x±s)
分组 n PT/s INR APTT/s FIB/(g/L) TT/s 观察组1 39 9.95±0.65 0.86±0.05 26.16±3.02 4.18±1.02 14.47±1.69 观察组2 39 10.16+0.50 0.88±0.05 26.85±2.83 4.49±1.15 13.48±1.27* 对照组1 40 10.70±0.70**## 0.95±0.06**## 29.01±3.18**## 4.67±0.94* 13.03±0.92** 对照组2 40 10.85±0.88**## 0.96±0.07**## 27.84±2.28* 6.32±3.34**##ΔΔ 11.71±3.44**##ΔΔ F — 14.94 29.05 7.50 10.05 12.03 P — < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 MS组内 0.486 0.003 8.104 3.632 4.314 q检验:与观察组1比较*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01;与观察组2比较##P < 0.01;与对照组1比较ΔP < 0.05,ΔΔP < 0.01 表 4 观察组与对照组PT、INR、APTT、FIB、TT指标比较(x±s)
分组 n PT/s INR APTT/s FIB/(g/L) TT/s 观察组 78 10.06±0.59 0.87±0.05 26.51±2.93 4.34±1.10 13.98±1.57 对照组 80 10.78±0.80 0.96±0.07 28.43±2.82 5.50±5.29 12.37±2.60 t — 6.44 9.13 4.20 3.67 4.68 P — < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 -
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