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克罗恩病(Crohn′s disease, CD)是一种以肠道慢性复发性炎症为主要病理改变的炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)[1]。近年来CD在我国的发病率不断攀升,已然成为消化系统常见的难治性疾病[2]。药物治疗是CD的主要治疗方式,然而遗憾的是当前用于临床治疗的药物多存在药效不佳、药物抵抗、药物不耐受或不良反应较大等不足,因此寻找新的、更为有效的抗肠炎药物是当前CD研究领域亟需解决的问题[3]。长春胺(vincamine,VC)是一种从夹竹桃植物长春花中所提取出的一种天然小分子化合物(分子式:C21H26N2O3;分子量:354.443),被报道具有拮抗炎症、细胞保护等多种生物学功能[4-5],但其是否能够影响CD肠炎尚不明确。本研究拟以2, 4, 6-三硝基苯磺酸(2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid,TNBS)诱导的小鼠结肠炎作为CD模型,观察VC干预对CD样结肠炎的作用效果,并采用网络药理学、分子对接和实验验证等方式探索VC可能的作用机制。
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VC干预后,VC组小鼠体质量下降幅度高于TNBS组(P < 0.05),但仍低于WT组(P < 0.05);VC组小鼠DAI评分低于TNBS组(P < 0.05);VC组小鼠结肠长度长于TNBS组(P < 0.05),但仍短于WT组(P < 0.05)(见表 1)。
分组 n DAI评分/分 体质量变化/g 结肠长度/cm WT组 8 — 1.26±0.63 10.64±0.74 TNBS组 8 3.75±1.04 -1.44±0.56* 7.85±0.95* VC组 8 2.00±0.76# 0.69±0.51*# 9.58±0.62*# F — 3.86△ 50.34 26.03 P — < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 MS组内 — — 0.321 0.608 q检验:△示t值;q检验:与WT组比较*P < 0.05;与TNBS组比较#P < 0.05 表 1 小鼠体质量改变、DAI评分和结肠长度比较(x±s)
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HE染色结果显示,WT小鼠结肠黏膜内未见明显的炎症细胞浸润,TNBS组小鼠结肠黏膜内可见大量炎症细胞浸润和聚集,而VC组小鼠结肠黏膜内仅见少量的炎症细胞浸润。同时,VC组小鼠结肠组织学炎症评分低于TNBS组(P < 0.05)(见图 1、表 2)。
分组 n 炎症评分/分 F P MS组内 WT组 8 — TNBS组 8 3.88±0.83 4.71 < 0.05 — VC组 8 2.00±0.76# q检验:与TNBS组比较#P < 0.05 表 2 小鼠结肠组织学炎症评分比较(x±s)
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ELISA结果显示,VC组小鼠结肠黏膜炎症介质(TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6)水平低于TNBS组(P < 0.05),但仍高于WT组(P < 0.05)(见表 3)。
分组 n TNF-α/(pg/mg) IL-1β/(pg/mg) IL-6/(pg/mg) WT组 8 8.50±3.15 11.56±3.42 10.65±2.55 TNBS组 8 33.13±7.14* 46.97±9.93* 57.77±11.08* VC组 8 17.45±4.65*# 26.54±6.05*# 33.13±6.15*# F — 45.18 51.56 79.70 P — < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 MS组内 — 27.520 49.010 55.740 q检验:与WT组比较*P < 0.05;与TNBS组比较#P < 0.05 表 3 小鼠肠黏膜炎症介质水平比较(x±s)
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通过SuperPred数据库共获得VC 110个作用靶点。通过DisGeNet数据库检索到CD相关疾病靶点1 382个,将两者取交集后共获得VC治疗CD的潜在作用靶点31个(见图 2A)。将上述31个交集靶点录入STRING数据库进行分析,并得到蛋白相互作用关系网络,共涉及到31个节点,70条边。在PPI网络中,Degree值是评价网络中靶点贡献程度的重要参数,根据其数值大小筛选出排名靠前的关键靶点,数值越大,提示靶点的贡献度越高。根据Degree值筛选出拓扑参数排名前10的靶蛋白,其中TLR4、CHUK、STAT3、PTGS2、NFKB1、HIF1A之间的相互作用关系最为密切(见图 2B、表 4)。
关键靶点 蛋白全称 度值 STAT3 Signal Transducer and activator of Transcription 3 15 PTGS2 Prostaglandin Endoperoxide Synthase 2 14 HIF1A Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 a 12 TLR4 Toll Like Receptor 4 12 GRB2 Growth Factor Receptor-bound Protein 2 7 CHUK IKK-α 6 NFKB1 Nuclear Factor of Kappa Light Polypeptide Gene Enhancer 6 CNR1 Cannabinoid Receptor 1 6 ITGB1 Integrin-β1 6 KEAP1 Kelch Like ECH Associated Protein 1 5 表 4 VC治疗CD的关键靶点信息表
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对31个交集靶点进行GO富集分析,结果显示VC治疗CD主要涉及82个生物过程条目、18个细胞组分条目和19个生物分子条目。其中生物过程条目主要涉及炎症反应等;分子功能条目主要涉及酶结合等;细胞组分条目则集中于细胞膜、细胞表面等(见图 3A、B、C)。KEGG通路富集分析得到82条可能相关的通路,选择前20条进行可视化处理(见图 3D)。其中NF-κB通路与炎症反应进程最为相关,且TLR4为VC作用于CD的关键靶点,因此我们推测VC可能通过TLR4/NF-κB信号通路改善TNBS小鼠CD样结肠炎。
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选取NF-κB信号通路相关靶点TLR4、PTGS2、NFKB1分别与VC进行分子对接验证(见图 4)。采用结合能评价小分子药物和大分子蛋白的结合情况:若结合能小于0 kcal/mol,表明VC能与该蛋白可进行自发结合;结合能绝对值越大,表明发生结合作用的可能性越大。分子对接结果显示,VC与以上3个靶点的结合能均小于0 kcal/mol(见表 5),证明VC与TLR4、PTGS2、NFKB1具有较强的结合力。以上结果提示VC可能通过调控NF-κB信号通路发挥改善TNBS小鼠CD样结肠炎作用。
化合物 靶点 PDB对应编号 结合能(kcal/mol) VC TLR4 2Z64 -8.5 VC PTGS2 4PH9 -8.7 VC NFKB1 1BFS -6.0 表 5 分子对接结果
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Western blotting分析显示,VC组小鼠结肠黏膜组织中TLR4和p-p65水平较TNBS组降低(P < 0.05),但仍高于WT组(P < 0.05)(见图 5、表 6)。
分组 n TLR4 p-p65 WT组 8 1.00±0.14 1.00±0.12 TNBS组 8 2.87±0.13* 2.61±0.22* VC组 8 1.41±0.17*# 1.23±0.13*# F — 348.40 225.00 P — < 0.05 < 0.05 MS组内 — 0.022 0.026 q检验:与WT组比较*P < 0.05;与TNBS组比较#P < 0.05 表 6 小鼠结肠黏膜p-p65和TLR4蛋白水平比较(x±s)
长春胺调控TLR4/NF-κB信号改善2, 4, 6-三硝基苯磺酸诱导的小鼠结肠炎
Vincamine improves 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in mice through regulating TLR4/NF- κB signal
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摘要:
目的探讨长春胺(VC)对2, 4, 6-三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)诱导的克罗恩病(CD)样小鼠结肠炎的作用及可能机制。 方法选取6~8周龄Wild-type (WT)小鼠(C57BL/6J, 雄性), 将其随机分为对照组(WT组)、模型组(TNBS组)和VC干预组(VC组), 每组8只; 其中VC组经TNBS造模成功后给予VC干预(40 mg·kg-1·d-1, 溶于1%吐温80, 灌胃), WT组和TNBS组接受等量的1%吐温80;通过分析各组小鼠体质量改变、肠炎疾病活动度(DAI)评分、结肠长度、组织学炎症评分及肠黏膜炎症介质水平[(肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)]评估VC对TNBS模型小鼠CD样肠炎的作用效果; 采用SuperPred和DisGeNet数据库预测VC作用于CD的潜在靶点; DAVID数据库进行基因本体论(GO)及京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析, 并利用Cytoscape软件对结果进行可视化; 采用分子对接技术分析VC与PTGS3、NFKB1及TLR4的结合情况, 并于动物实验进一步验证VC对TLR4/NF-κB信号通路的调控作用。 结果VC组小鼠体质量降低幅度、DAI评分及结肠缩短程度均低于TNBS组小鼠(P < 0.05), 但仍高于WT组(P < 0.05);VC组小鼠肠道组织学炎症评分低于TNBS组(P < 0.05);VC组结肠黏膜炎症介质水平(TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6)均低于TNBS组(P < 0.05), 但仍高于WT组(P < 0.05)。网络药理学及分子对接结果显示VC对TLR4/NF-κB具有调控作用, 且进一步的Western blotting结果显示, VC组小鼠结肠黏膜组织中TLR4和p-p65水平较TNBS组均降低(P < 0.05), 但仍高于WT组(P < 0.05)。 结论VC可能通过抑制TLR4/NF-κB信号改善TNBS诱导的小鼠结肠炎。 -
关键词:
- 炎症性肠病 /
- 克罗恩病 /
- 长春胺 /
- TLR4/NF-κB
Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and possible mechanism of vincamine (VC) on 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced Crohn's disease (CD)-like colitis in mice. MethodsWild-type (WT) mice aged 6-8 weeks old (C57BL/6J, male) were randomly divided into control group (WT group), model group (TNBS group) and VC-treated group (VC group), with 8 mice in each group.VC group was treatment with VC (40 mg·kg-1·d-1, soluble in 1% Tween 80, gavage) after successful modeling, while WT group and TNBS group received the same amount of 1% Tween 80.The body weight changes, disease activity index(DAI) scores, colon lengths, histological scores and the level of inflammatory mediators in colon mucosa (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) was used to evaluate the effect of VC on CD-like colitis in TNBS model mice.The potential target of VC acting on CD was predicted by SuperPred and DisGeNet database.The DAVID database was used for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, and the results were visualized using the Cytoscape software.The combination of VC with PTGS3, NFKB1 and TLR4 were analyzed by the molecular docking technology and the effect of VC on TLR4/NF-κB signal were further verified by animal experiments. ResultsThe weight loss, DAI scores and colonic shortening in the VC group were lower than that in the TNBS group(P < 0.05), but still higher than the WT group(P < 0.05);the histological scores in VC group was significantly lower than that in TNBS group(P < 0.05);inflammatory mediators(TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6) level in colon mucosa of VC group were lower than those in TNBS group(P < 0.05), but still higher than those in WT group(P < 0.05).Network pharmacology and molecular docking showed that VC could regulate TLR4/NF-κB signal, and further Western blotting results showed that the level of TLR4 and p-p65 in colon mucosa of VC group were significantly lower than those in TNBS group(P < 0.05), but still higher than that in WT group(P < 0.05). ConclusionsVC can improve TNBS-induced colitis in mice probably through inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signal. -
Key words:
- inflammatory bowel disease /
- Crohn's disease /
- vincamine /
- TLR4/NF-κB
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表 1 小鼠体质量改变、DAI评分和结肠长度比较(x±s)
分组 n DAI评分/分 体质量变化/g 结肠长度/cm WT组 8 — 1.26±0.63 10.64±0.74 TNBS组 8 3.75±1.04 -1.44±0.56* 7.85±0.95* VC组 8 2.00±0.76# 0.69±0.51*# 9.58±0.62*# F — 3.86△ 50.34 26.03 P — < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 MS组内 — — 0.321 0.608 q检验:△示t值;q检验:与WT组比较*P < 0.05;与TNBS组比较#P < 0.05 表 2 小鼠结肠组织学炎症评分比较(x±s)
分组 n 炎症评分/分 F P MS组内 WT组 8 — TNBS组 8 3.88±0.83 4.71 < 0.05 — VC组 8 2.00±0.76# q检验:与TNBS组比较#P < 0.05 表 3 小鼠肠黏膜炎症介质水平比较(x±s)
分组 n TNF-α/(pg/mg) IL-1β/(pg/mg) IL-6/(pg/mg) WT组 8 8.50±3.15 11.56±3.42 10.65±2.55 TNBS组 8 33.13±7.14* 46.97±9.93* 57.77±11.08* VC组 8 17.45±4.65*# 26.54±6.05*# 33.13±6.15*# F — 45.18 51.56 79.70 P — < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 MS组内 — 27.520 49.010 55.740 q检验:与WT组比较*P < 0.05;与TNBS组比较#P < 0.05 表 4 VC治疗CD的关键靶点信息表
关键靶点 蛋白全称 度值 STAT3 Signal Transducer and activator of Transcription 3 15 PTGS2 Prostaglandin Endoperoxide Synthase 2 14 HIF1A Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 a 12 TLR4 Toll Like Receptor 4 12 GRB2 Growth Factor Receptor-bound Protein 2 7 CHUK IKK-α 6 NFKB1 Nuclear Factor of Kappa Light Polypeptide Gene Enhancer 6 CNR1 Cannabinoid Receptor 1 6 ITGB1 Integrin-β1 6 KEAP1 Kelch Like ECH Associated Protein 1 5 表 5 分子对接结果
化合物 靶点 PDB对应编号 结合能(kcal/mol) VC TLR4 2Z64 -8.5 VC PTGS2 4PH9 -8.7 VC NFKB1 1BFS -6.0 表 6 小鼠结肠黏膜p-p65和TLR4蛋白水平比较(x±s)
分组 n TLR4 p-p65 WT组 8 1.00±0.14 1.00±0.12 TNBS组 8 2.87±0.13* 2.61±0.22* VC组 8 1.41±0.17*# 1.23±0.13*# F — 348.40 225.00 P — < 0.05 < 0.05 MS组内 — 0.022 0.026 q检验:与WT组比较*P < 0.05;与TNBS组比较#P < 0.05 -
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