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喉癌是呼吸道常见的恶性肿瘤之一[1]。近年来随着大气污染的加重,发病率呈上升趋势。对于早期喉癌的治疗, 保留喉功能手术和放疗均能获得较好的临床疗效。但是,中晚期喉癌病人的5年生存率相对较低[2],其诊疗策略仍存在争议[3]。本研究回顾性分析中晚期喉癌病人的临床资料,探讨中晚期喉癌病人预后及其影响因素,旨在为临床诊疗方案的制定提供参考。
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67例病人中3例失访(4.5%),随访率为95.5%(失访病人按死亡处理,并以末次有效随访时间计入),中位随访时间为70个月, 病人的3年总生存率为74.6%、5年总生存率为64.2%,临床Ⅲ期的3年总生存率为79.2%、5年总生存率为69.8%,临床Ⅳ期的3年总生存率为57.1%、5年总生存率为42.9%。手术综合治疗的病人3年生存率为89.2%、5年生存率为72.8%,非手术综合治疗的病人3年生存率为69.4%、5年生存率为51.1%。
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37例手术综合治疗的病人中, 肺部感染2例, 伤口感染2例, 咽瘘1例;30例非手术综合治疗的病人中, 严重放化疗并发症3例, 治疗后喉狭窄行气管切开2例,吞咽困难胃造瘘1例。
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总体无瘤生存的病人29例,死亡31例;带瘤生存的病人3例。死亡原因包括: 原发灶复发15例(22.4%),远处转移8例(11.9%),非肿瘤原因死亡5例(急性心肌梗死1例、脑梗死1例、吸入性肺炎1例,放疗后吞咽困难伴全身衰竭2例)(7.5%),其中,手术综合治疗病人2例,非手术综合治疗病人3例。
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采用Log-rank分析喉癌病人预后的相关因素,结果显示,N分期和年龄是影响病人生存的相关因素(P < 0.05)(见表 1)。COX回归模型分析显示,年龄、T分期、N分期、治疗方式均为影响中晚期喉癌病人预后的独立因素(P < 0.05)(见表 2)。
影响因素 n 3年生存率/% 5年生存率/% χ2 P 年龄/岁 ≥71 24 75.0 44.1 5.94 < 0.05 < 71 43 83.5 73.7 治疗方式 手术综合治疗 37 89.2 72.8 2.72 >0.05 非手术综合治疗 30 69.4 51.1 T分期 T1~T2 31 80.6 71.0 1.47 >0.05 T3~T4 36 83.2 55.9 N分级 N0 19 82.0 77.4 2.04 < 0.05 N1~N3 48 70.1 55.6 表 1 中晚期喉癌病人生存率的单因素分析
临床因素 B SE Waldχ2 P RR(95%CI) 治疗方式 0.812 0.405 4.022 < 0.05 0.444(0.201~0.982) T分期 1.054 0.428 6.058 < 0.05 2.870(1.240~6.646) N分期 1.230 0.491 6.274 < 0.05 3.420(1.307~8.952) 年龄 0.886 0.392 5.119 < 0.05 2.426(1.126~5.226) 表 2 喉癌病人生存率的COX多因素回归分析
中晚期喉癌预后及影响因素分析
Analysis of prognosis and influencing factors of middle and advanced laryngeal carcinoma
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摘要:
目的探讨中晚期喉癌病人预后及其影响因素。 方法回顾性分析67例中晚期喉癌病人的临床资料。采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析、Log-rank法进行单因素分析、COX回归模型分析预后的独立影响因素。 结果病人的3年总生存率、5年总生存率分别为74.6%和64.2%。单因素分析显示,N分期和年龄是影响中晚期喉癌病人生存的相关因素(P < 0.05)。COX回归模型分析显示,年龄、T分期、N分期、治疗方式均为影响中晚期喉癌病人预后的独立因素(P < 0.05)。 结论中晚期喉癌病人的预后相对较差,N分期和年龄是影响预后的重要因素,早发现、早治疗是改善喉癌病人预后的关键。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the prognosis and its influencing factors of patients with middle and advanced laryngeal carcinoma. MethodsThe clinical data of 67 patients with middle and advanced laryngeal carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed.Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, Log-rank method was applied for univariate analysis, and COX regression model was employed to analyze the independent influencing factors of prognosis. ResultsThe 3-year overall survival rate and 5-year overall survival rate of the patients at the median follow-up time were 74.6% and 64.2%, respectively.Univariate analysis showed that N stage and age were the related factors affecting the survival of patients with middle and advanced laryngeal carcinoma(P < 0.05).COX regression model analysis showed that age, T stage, N stage and treatment method were the independent factors affecting the prognosis of patients with middle and advanced laryngeal carcinoma(P < 0.05). ConclusionsThe prognosis of patients with middle and advanced laryngeal carcinoma is relatively poor.N stage and age are important factors affecting the prognosis.Early detection and early treatment are the keys to improve the prognosis of patients with laryngeal cancer. -
Key words:
- laryngeal neoplasms /
- prognosis
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表 1 中晚期喉癌病人生存率的单因素分析
影响因素 n 3年生存率/% 5年生存率/% χ2 P 年龄/岁 ≥71 24 75.0 44.1 5.94 < 0.05 < 71 43 83.5 73.7 治疗方式 手术综合治疗 37 89.2 72.8 2.72 >0.05 非手术综合治疗 30 69.4 51.1 T分期 T1~T2 31 80.6 71.0 1.47 >0.05 T3~T4 36 83.2 55.9 N分级 N0 19 82.0 77.4 2.04 < 0.05 N1~N3 48 70.1 55.6 表 2 喉癌病人生存率的COX多因素回归分析
临床因素 B SE Waldχ2 P RR(95%CI) 治疗方式 0.812 0.405 4.022 < 0.05 0.444(0.201~0.982) T分期 1.054 0.428 6.058 < 0.05 2.870(1.240~6.646) N分期 1.230 0.491 6.274 < 0.05 3.420(1.307~8.952) 年龄 0.886 0.392 5.119 < 0.05 2.426(1.126~5.226) -
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