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乳腺癌是一种多发于女性人群的恶性肿瘤,且发病率较高,大约每10万女性中就有42人患有此病[1]。前哨淋巴结转移是淋巴结转移的第一站,也是乳腺癌最早出现的一种肿瘤细胞扩散形态。同时,恶性肿瘤的侵袭性、机体对肿瘤的抵抗力均可通过淋巴结的状态来反映。此外,临床肿瘤分期、手术方法、辅助治疗等均需以淋巴结的状态作为参考依据。乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检术是乳腺外科医学史上非常重大的一次突破,目前已逐渐在临床获得广泛应用与认可[2]。荧光染料法、蓝染料法及放射性核素法是三种常见的乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检示踪法,但上述方法均为有创操作,再加上淋巴结穿刺具有一定难度,其诊断的准确度并不高[3]。随着近年超声造影技术的不断发展,逐渐体现出其操作简单、无污染、无创、实时等独特优势,为前哨淋巴结性质判断及活检术的定位提供了全新途径[4]。为了进一步明确术前超声造影对乳腺癌前哨淋巴结转移的预测价值,我们开展了此次研究。现作报道。
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276例病人中,124例肿瘤位置在左乳,152例位置在右乳;100例肿瘤部位在外上象限,47例在外下象限,60例在内上象限,69例在内下象限;所有病人均经病理证实为原发性乳腺癌,其中183例为浸润性导管癌,65例为导管内原位癌,16例为黏液癌,12例为其他;原发肿瘤直径0.60~4.9 cm;前哨淋巴结直径0.3~3.2 cm。
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术前超声造影共检出497枚前哨淋巴结,手术共切除518枚前哨淋巴结,术前超声造影对前哨淋巴结的检出率为95.95%(497/518),病理学检查确认存在120枚转移前哨淋巴结。术前超声造影预测前哨淋巴结阳性的病人73例,阴性病人203例(见表 1),其中术前超声造影对有无前哨淋巴结的预测灵敏性76.12%(51/67),特异性89.47%(187/209),阳性预测值69.86%(51/73),阴性预测值92.12%(187/203),准确率86.23%(238/276)。典型超声造影阳性(Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型增强)与病理结果对比见图 1、2。
超声造影 病理结果 合计 阳性 阴性 阳性 51 22 73 阴性 16 187 203 合计 67 209 276 表 1 前哨淋巴结超声造影结果与病理结果对比(n)
术前超声造影对乳腺癌前哨淋巴结转移的预测价值
Predictive value of preoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound in sentinel lymph node metastasis of breast cancer
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摘要:
目的分析术前超声造影对乳腺癌前哨淋巴结转移的预测价值。 方法选择乳腺癌病人276例,术前均行超声造影检查寻找前哨淋巴结,将病理学检查结果和超声造影结果进行对比,计算超声造影敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确率。 结果276例病人中,124例肿瘤位于左乳,152例位于右乳;100例肿瘤部位在外上象限,47例在外下象限,60例在内上象限,69例在内下象限;所有病人均经病理证实为原发性乳腺癌,其中183例为浸润性导管癌,65例为导管内原位癌,16例为黏液癌,12例为其他;原发肿瘤直径0.6~4.9 cm,前哨淋巴结直径0.3~3.2 cm。术前超声造影共检出497枚前哨淋巴结,手术共切除518枚前哨淋巴结,术前超声造影对前哨淋巴结的检出率为95.95%(497/518);病理学检查确认存在120枚转移前哨淋巴结。术前超声造影预测前哨淋巴结阳性病人73例,阴性病人203例,其对有无前哨淋巴结的预测灵敏性76.12%,特异性89.47%,阳性预测值69.86%,阴性预测值92.12%,准确率86.23%。 结论术前超声造影还需联合其他示踪方式对乳腺癌前哨淋巴结转移情况进行预测,才能获得最佳效果。 Abstract:ObjectiveTo analyze the predictive value of preoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound in sentinel lymph node metastasis of breast cancer. MethodsThe contrast-enhanced ultrasound in 276 patients with breast cancer were performed to find sentinel lymph nodes.The results between pathological examination and contrast-enhanced ultrasound were compared.The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in all cases were calculated. ResultsOf the 276 patients, 124 tumors were located in the left breast and 152 tumors were located in the right breast.There were 100 cases in the outer upper quadrant, 47 cases in the outer lower quadrant, 60 cases in the inner upper quadrant and 69 cases in the inner lower quadrant.All patients were pathologically confirmed as primary breast cancer, which included 183 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma, 65 cases of intraductal carcinoma in situ, 16 cases of mucinous carcinoma and 12 cases of other cancers.The diameter of the primary tumor was 0.6-4.9 cm, and the diameter of the sentinel lymph node was 0.3-3.2 cm.A total of 497 sentinel lymph nodes were detected by preoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and a total of 518 sentinel lymph nodes were removed by operation.The detection rate of preoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound of sentinel lymph nodes was 95.95%(497/518).The results of pathological examination confirmed that 120 nodes were metastatic sentinel nodes.Seventy-three patients with positive and 203 patients with negative sentinel lymph nodes were predicted using the preoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound.The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of predicting sentinel lymph nodes were 76.12%, 89.47%, 69.86%, 92.12% and 86.23%, respectively. ConclusionsIn order to get the best predicting results in the sentinel lymph node metastasis of breast cancer, the contrast-enhanced ultrasound should be combined with other tracing methods. -
Key words:
- breast neoplasms /
- ultrasonic contrast /
- sentinel lymph node
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表 1 前哨淋巴结超声造影结果与病理结果对比(n)
超声造影 病理结果 合计 阳性 阴性 阳性 51 22 73 阴性 16 187 203 合计 67 209 276 -
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