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2007 Vol. 32, No. 1
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2007, 32(1): 1-3.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the effects of the lipid raft inhibitor,methyl-β-cyclodextrin(MβCD) on the activation and aggregation of human platelets in vitro.Methods: Human whole blood collected from normal subjects were stood still for 20 min before stimulation with 20 μmol/L adenosine diphosphate(ADP),some groups were pretreated with MβCD before ADP stimulation,and some groups untreated as control.The fibrinogen receptor(FIB-R) positive percentage(%) and its mean fluorescence intensity(MFI),and aggregation percentage(%) of platelets were measured by flow cytometry.Results: In ADP stimulated groups,FIB-R(%),FIB-R(MFI),and aggregation(%) of platelets reached 75.93±10.27,329.19±121.72,and 23.03±4.96,respectively,in comparison with that in the untreated control(66.66±12.58,73.78±21.91,and 2.53±0.72,respectively),the FIB-R(MFI) and aggregation(%) were significant higher(P<0.01).Pretreated with MβCD,three above parameters were 36.92±16.55,40.06±25.48,and 4.09±(2.78),respectively,compared to that in ADP group,there were significantly reduced(P<0.01).Conclusions: MβCD,depleting cellular membrane cholesterol,could obviously inhibit the activation and aggregation of platelets induced by ADP.
Objective: To investigate the effects of the lipid raft inhibitor,methyl-β-cyclodextrin(MβCD) on the activation and aggregation of human platelets in vitro.Methods: Human whole blood collected from normal subjects were stood still for 20 min before stimulation with 20 μmol/L adenosine diphosphate(ADP),some groups were pretreated with MβCD before ADP stimulation,and some groups untreated as control.The fibrinogen receptor(FIB-R) positive percentage(%) and its mean fluorescence intensity(MFI),and aggregation percentage(%) of platelets were measured by flow cytometry.Results: In ADP stimulated groups,FIB-R(%),FIB-R(MFI),and aggregation(%) of platelets reached 75.93±10.27,329.19±121.72,and 23.03±4.96,respectively,in comparison with that in the untreated control(66.66±12.58,73.78±21.91,and 2.53±0.72,respectively),the FIB-R(MFI) and aggregation(%) were significant higher(P<0.01).Pretreated with MβCD,three above parameters were 36.92±16.55,40.06±25.48,and 4.09±(2.78),respectively,compared to that in ADP group,there were significantly reduced(P<0.01).Conclusions: MβCD,depleting cellular membrane cholesterol,could obviously inhibit the activation and aggregation of platelets induced by ADP.
2007, 32(1): 4-6.
Abstract:
Objective: To establish the experimental mice model about the genital infection with UU during the course of cyesis and observe the effects of ureaplasma urealyticum(UU) pregnant infection on body weight of newborn mouse.Methods: Pregnant mice were infected by serotype 4 UU during the period of pregnancy through vagina and observed the body weight of newborn mouse,and the possible mechanism was discussed by the methods of UU culture,pathology and immumohistochemical staining test.Results: The everage weight of newborn mice by UU infection was 1.518 g,and the control group was 1.924 g,there was significant difference between two groups(P<0.001).Conclusions: UU infection during the period of pregnancy can affect the embryonic development and result in the low body weight of new life through vertical transmission.
Objective: To establish the experimental mice model about the genital infection with UU during the course of cyesis and observe the effects of ureaplasma urealyticum(UU) pregnant infection on body weight of newborn mouse.Methods: Pregnant mice were infected by serotype 4 UU during the period of pregnancy through vagina and observed the body weight of newborn mouse,and the possible mechanism was discussed by the methods of UU culture,pathology and immumohistochemical staining test.Results: The everage weight of newborn mice by UU infection was 1.518 g,and the control group was 1.924 g,there was significant difference between two groups(P<0.001).Conclusions: UU infection during the period of pregnancy can affect the embryonic development and result in the low body weight of new life through vertical transmission.
2007, 32(1): 7-9.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the influence of nitric oxide(NO) and endothelin(ET)levels on liver function and portal hyperdynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods: The plasma levels of NO and ET of 51 cirrhotic patients[who were divided into group A(n=19),B(n=21) and C(n=11) according to the liver function] and 31 normal controls were measured by Griess and radioimmunoassay,respectively.Color Doppler ultrasonography was used to measure the portal hypernamics(including portal venous and splenic venous blood flow) and automatic biochemistry analyzer was used to measure the liver function.Results: The NO and ET level in the plasma of the cirrhotic patients(including Child-Pugh A,B and C)was significantly higher than that of the controls(P<0.01).The NO and ET level in the plasma of the cirrhotic patients increased with the degeneration of the liver function and the difference was obvious between different grades(P<0.01).The ratio of NO/ET in the plasma of the cirrhotic patients(including Child-Pugh A,B and C)was significantly higher than that of the controls(P<0.05).The difference of NO/ET levels was significant between group A and group C(P<0.01),but the difference was not obvious between group B and group C(P>0.05).The plasma level of portal venous and splenic venous blood flow(PVBF and SVBF) was significantly higher in the cirrhotic patients than that in the controls(P<0.01).The increase was more obvious in group C.The difference was significant between group C and group A(P<0.01)but there was no difference between group C and group A.The plasma of NO and ET had a positive correlation with portal venous and splenic venous blood flow(PVBF and SVBF) in the cirrhotic patients,and it had a positive correlation with PVBF and SVBF in the controls.The plasma levels of NO and ET were significantly higher in ascites patients than those in the controls(P<0.01)and the no ascites patients (P<0.05).Conclusions: The serum levels of NO and ET are of great value in the evaluation of the liver function and the plasma levels of NO and ET may play an important role in the pathogenesis and promotion of portal hyperdynamics in patients with cirrhosis.
Objective: To investigate the influence of nitric oxide(NO) and endothelin(ET)levels on liver function and portal hyperdynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods: The plasma levels of NO and ET of 51 cirrhotic patients[who were divided into group A(n=19),B(n=21) and C(n=11) according to the liver function] and 31 normal controls were measured by Griess and radioimmunoassay,respectively.Color Doppler ultrasonography was used to measure the portal hypernamics(including portal venous and splenic venous blood flow) and automatic biochemistry analyzer was used to measure the liver function.Results: The NO and ET level in the plasma of the cirrhotic patients(including Child-Pugh A,B and C)was significantly higher than that of the controls(P<0.01).The NO and ET level in the plasma of the cirrhotic patients increased with the degeneration of the liver function and the difference was obvious between different grades(P<0.01).The ratio of NO/ET in the plasma of the cirrhotic patients(including Child-Pugh A,B and C)was significantly higher than that of the controls(P<0.05).The difference of NO/ET levels was significant between group A and group C(P<0.01),but the difference was not obvious between group B and group C(P>0.05).The plasma level of portal venous and splenic venous blood flow(PVBF and SVBF) was significantly higher in the cirrhotic patients than that in the controls(P<0.01).The increase was more obvious in group C.The difference was significant between group C and group A(P<0.01)but there was no difference between group C and group A.The plasma of NO and ET had a positive correlation with portal venous and splenic venous blood flow(PVBF and SVBF) in the cirrhotic patients,and it had a positive correlation with PVBF and SVBF in the controls.The plasma levels of NO and ET were significantly higher in ascites patients than those in the controls(P<0.01)and the no ascites patients (P<0.05).Conclusions: The serum levels of NO and ET are of great value in the evaluation of the liver function and the plasma levels of NO and ET may play an important role in the pathogenesis and promotion of portal hyperdynamics in patients with cirrhosis.
2007, 32(1): 10-13.
Abstract:
Objective: To evaluate the toxic influence of the change of T/C on the nervous system of neonatal guinea pigs with hyperbilirubinemia.Methods: Thirty neonatal guinea pigs at 5 to 7 days of age were randomly divided into five equal groups:one control group and four experiment groups,were embedded electrode in cranium after anesthesia.Experiment groups were injected with crystal bilirubin(T1,100 μg/g;T2,200 μg/g),and control group with normal saline(0.5 ml),T/C were recorded and nervous systems including their behavior were observed before and after 4 h,8 h of injection.Then guinea pigs were executed and taken their brain tissue,which were observed under optical and electron microscope.Results: T/C in experiment groups:there is statistical significance between before and after celiac injection of bilirubin(P<0.01),except T1b group(P>0.05).T/C in all groups:T1(T1a,T1b)groups and T2(T2a,T2b) groups respectively compared with the control group and there is statistical significance between them(P<0.01).Conclusions: The change of T/C in hyperbilirubinemia at different concentration and time,we can forecast the injury of nerval toxicity in hyperbilirubinemia early.Sensory gating,as a measurement of cognize and attention to the brain,may evaluate and prevent the injury of brain to neonate in clinic.
Objective: To evaluate the toxic influence of the change of T/C on the nervous system of neonatal guinea pigs with hyperbilirubinemia.Methods: Thirty neonatal guinea pigs at 5 to 7 days of age were randomly divided into five equal groups:one control group and four experiment groups,were embedded electrode in cranium after anesthesia.Experiment groups were injected with crystal bilirubin(T1,100 μg/g;T2,200 μg/g),and control group with normal saline(0.5 ml),T/C were recorded and nervous systems including their behavior were observed before and after 4 h,8 h of injection.Then guinea pigs were executed and taken their brain tissue,which were observed under optical and electron microscope.Results: T/C in experiment groups:there is statistical significance between before and after celiac injection of bilirubin(P<0.01),except T1b group(P>0.05).T/C in all groups:T1(T1a,T1b)groups and T2(T2a,T2b) groups respectively compared with the control group and there is statistical significance between them(P<0.01).Conclusions: The change of T/C in hyperbilirubinemia at different concentration and time,we can forecast the injury of nerval toxicity in hyperbilirubinemia early.Sensory gating,as a measurement of cognize and attention to the brain,may evaluate and prevent the injury of brain to neonate in clinic.
2007, 32(1): 14-17.
Abstract:
Objective: To clone human B-type natriuretic peptide gene,purify the expressed protein and prepare its polyclonal antibodies.Methods: By using PCR technique,the gene encoding human B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP) was amplified from the cDNA library of human heart and sequenced.Then this gene was inserted into expression vector pGXE4T-2.The construct pGXE4T-2/BNP was expressed in E.coli and the expressed protein was purified by affinity chromatography through GSH-agarose.The purified protein was used to immunize BALB/c mice.Results: The cloned gene was 96 bp in length and its sequence was correct.The construct was expressed in E.coli with a high level of the protein as form soluble,accounting for 19% of the total bacterial proteins.The gene product,characterized by SDS-PAGE and Western blot appeared to be a protein with molecular mass of 29 500.The purity of the protein purified by affinity chromatography reached more than 95%.The titer of anti-sera was 1:32 000 after the fourth immunization.Conclusions: The success of gene clone,expression and purification of human BNP lay the foundation for developing a quick diagnostic kit applying to detecting BNP.
Objective: To clone human B-type natriuretic peptide gene,purify the expressed protein and prepare its polyclonal antibodies.Methods: By using PCR technique,the gene encoding human B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP) was amplified from the cDNA library of human heart and sequenced.Then this gene was inserted into expression vector pGXE4T-2.The construct pGXE4T-2/BNP was expressed in E.coli and the expressed protein was purified by affinity chromatography through GSH-agarose.The purified protein was used to immunize BALB/c mice.Results: The cloned gene was 96 bp in length and its sequence was correct.The construct was expressed in E.coli with a high level of the protein as form soluble,accounting for 19% of the total bacterial proteins.The gene product,characterized by SDS-PAGE and Western blot appeared to be a protein with molecular mass of 29 500.The purity of the protein purified by affinity chromatography reached more than 95%.The titer of anti-sera was 1:32 000 after the fourth immunization.Conclusions: The success of gene clone,expression and purification of human BNP lay the foundation for developing a quick diagnostic kit applying to detecting BNP.
2007, 32(1): 18-21.
Abstract:
Objective: To observe the effects of intrathecal(IT) morphine on incisional pain and expression of c-fos in spinal cord of rats with postoperative pain.Methods: In a rat model of postoperative pain,the cumulative pain scores were used for evaluating pain behaviors.Immunohistochemistry technique was involved in observing the expression of c-fos in slices of spinal cord of rats.Results: In control group,cumulative pain scores were significantly higher than that in sham-operation rats 2 hours,24 hours and 48 hours after incision and at the same time,compared with that in control group,cumulative pain scores in treatment groups were significantly lower(P<0.01).There was no significant difference among treatment groups administered with drugs either before or after incision(P>0.05).Seventy-two hours after incision,there was no significant difference in cumulative pain scores among operative groups(P>0.05).From 96 hours to 120 hours after incision,there was no significant difference among all groups(P>0.05).IT morphine given either before or after incision decreased the number of Fos-LI neurons significantly in dorsal horn of spinal cord 2 hours after incision(P<0.01).IT morphine given before incision decreased the number of Fos-LIl neurons more effectively than that after incision.From 24 hours to 120 hours after incision,there was no significant difference among all operative groups(P>0.05).Conclusions: In a rat model of postoperative pain,IT morphine administered either before or after incision provides analgesia and inhibits the Fos protein expression only in early period after incision.
Objective: To observe the effects of intrathecal(IT) morphine on incisional pain and expression of c-fos in spinal cord of rats with postoperative pain.Methods: In a rat model of postoperative pain,the cumulative pain scores were used for evaluating pain behaviors.Immunohistochemistry technique was involved in observing the expression of c-fos in slices of spinal cord of rats.Results: In control group,cumulative pain scores were significantly higher than that in sham-operation rats 2 hours,24 hours and 48 hours after incision and at the same time,compared with that in control group,cumulative pain scores in treatment groups were significantly lower(P<0.01).There was no significant difference among treatment groups administered with drugs either before or after incision(P>0.05).Seventy-two hours after incision,there was no significant difference in cumulative pain scores among operative groups(P>0.05).From 96 hours to 120 hours after incision,there was no significant difference among all groups(P>0.05).IT morphine given either before or after incision decreased the number of Fos-LI neurons significantly in dorsal horn of spinal cord 2 hours after incision(P<0.01).IT morphine given before incision decreased the number of Fos-LIl neurons more effectively than that after incision.From 24 hours to 120 hours after incision,there was no significant difference among all operative groups(P>0.05).Conclusions: In a rat model of postoperative pain,IT morphine administered either before or after incision provides analgesia and inhibits the Fos protein expression only in early period after incision.
2007, 32(1): 22-24.
Abstract:
Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of different methods on hepatolithiasis.Methods: The clinical data of 125 patients with hepatolithiasis were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively.Results: Two cases died at periopration(1.6%) and 6 cases had residual stones(4.8%).Seventy-three cases were followed up.Fourteen cases reoccurred,5 cases were treated by chloedochoscopy per subcutaneous blind loop,3 cases received reoperation and 4 cases anti-infection therapy.Conclusions: It is essential to release obstruction and remove focus in the treatment of hepatolithiasis.The patterns of operation should be chosen according to different situation.
Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of different methods on hepatolithiasis.Methods: The clinical data of 125 patients with hepatolithiasis were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively.Results: Two cases died at periopration(1.6%) and 6 cases had residual stones(4.8%).Seventy-three cases were followed up.Fourteen cases reoccurred,5 cases were treated by chloedochoscopy per subcutaneous blind loop,3 cases received reoperation and 4 cases anti-infection therapy.Conclusions: It is essential to release obstruction and remove focus in the treatment of hepatolithiasis.The patterns of operation should be chosen according to different situation.
2007, 32(1): 25-26.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the necessary and methods of reoperation for thyroid carcinoma and analyze the causes of reoperation.Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of reoperation in 77 patients with thyroid carcinoma from January 1996 to May 2005.Results: The operative resection rate was 100% without operative death.The residual carcinoma was found at the primary site in 17 patients and the lymph nodes metastasis was found in 34 patients.Conclusions: The appropriate operation method is the key to avoid the reoperation.The high residual cancer rate after local mass resection of thyroid carcinoma necessitates the reoperation.
Objective: To investigate the necessary and methods of reoperation for thyroid carcinoma and analyze the causes of reoperation.Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of reoperation in 77 patients with thyroid carcinoma from January 1996 to May 2005.Results: The operative resection rate was 100% without operative death.The residual carcinoma was found at the primary site in 17 patients and the lymph nodes metastasis was found in 34 patients.Conclusions: The appropriate operation method is the key to avoid the reoperation.The high residual cancer rate after local mass resection of thyroid carcinoma necessitates the reoperation.
2007, 32(1): 27-29.
Abstract:
Objective: To analyze the correlation between anemia and the related factors,such as stage of the cancer,concentration of albumin,chemotherapy,gender,and age in patients with lung cancer.Methods: The clinical data of 251 patients who had been treated in our hospital between Jan.to Dec.in 2001 were collected using the access data base.TNM staging for lung cancer of UICC(1997) was adopted and the related factors for anemia of lung cancer were analyzed with statistical package SPSS 10.0.Results: The incidence of anemia was 29.88% in all;the difference of anemia incidence between male and female was not significant(P>0.05);The incidence of anemia in patients with hypoproteinemia and those who had received chemotherapy was higher than that in patients with normoproteinemia and those who had not received chemotherapy(P<0.005);the incidence of anemia was different in patients with different stages of lung cancer(P<0.05).Three risk factors finally entered into the model of Logistic regression:level of serum albumin,chemotherapy and stage.Conclusions: Stage,chemotherapy and concentration of albumin are the related factors for anemia in patients with lung cancer.
Objective: To analyze the correlation between anemia and the related factors,such as stage of the cancer,concentration of albumin,chemotherapy,gender,and age in patients with lung cancer.Methods: The clinical data of 251 patients who had been treated in our hospital between Jan.to Dec.in 2001 were collected using the access data base.TNM staging for lung cancer of UICC(1997) was adopted and the related factors for anemia of lung cancer were analyzed with statistical package SPSS 10.0.Results: The incidence of anemia was 29.88% in all;the difference of anemia incidence between male and female was not significant(P>0.05);The incidence of anemia in patients with hypoproteinemia and those who had received chemotherapy was higher than that in patients with normoproteinemia and those who had not received chemotherapy(P<0.005);the incidence of anemia was different in patients with different stages of lung cancer(P<0.05).Three risk factors finally entered into the model of Logistic regression:level of serum albumin,chemotherapy and stage.Conclusions: Stage,chemotherapy and concentration of albumin are the related factors for anemia in patients with lung cancer.
2007, 32(1): 30-32.
Abstract:
Objective: To evaluate results of endovenous treatment of superficial varicosities in lower extremities with fulguration.Methods: Endovenous fulguration therapy combined with high ligation of great saphenous vein in 16 limbs of 12 patients;endovenous fulguration therapy combined with external banding valvuloplasty of superficial femoral vein and high ligation of great saphenous vein in 14 limbs of 14 patients;endovenous fulguration therapy combined with high ligation of great saphenous vein and perforator(s) through video assisted endoscopy in 18 limbs of 18 patients;endovenous fulguration therapy combined with high ligation of great saphenous vein,external banding valvuloplasty of superficial femoral vein and perforator(s) through video assisted endoscopy in 18 limbs of 18 patients.Results: All patients were followed up from 2 to 27 months(mean 6.12 months) with satisfactory results.No recurrence was observed.Conclusions: Endovenous fulguration therapy is a therapeutic entity with advantages of safety,effectiveness,minimal invasiveness,easy technology and without any scar.It can be used in combination with surgery as well.
Objective: To evaluate results of endovenous treatment of superficial varicosities in lower extremities with fulguration.Methods: Endovenous fulguration therapy combined with high ligation of great saphenous vein in 16 limbs of 12 patients;endovenous fulguration therapy combined with external banding valvuloplasty of superficial femoral vein and high ligation of great saphenous vein in 14 limbs of 14 patients;endovenous fulguration therapy combined with high ligation of great saphenous vein and perforator(s) through video assisted endoscopy in 18 limbs of 18 patients;endovenous fulguration therapy combined with high ligation of great saphenous vein,external banding valvuloplasty of superficial femoral vein and perforator(s) through video assisted endoscopy in 18 limbs of 18 patients.Results: All patients were followed up from 2 to 27 months(mean 6.12 months) with satisfactory results.No recurrence was observed.Conclusions: Endovenous fulguration therapy is a therapeutic entity with advantages of safety,effectiveness,minimal invasiveness,easy technology and without any scar.It can be used in combination with surgery as well.
2007, 32(1): 32-33.
Abstract:
Objective: To explore the correlation between the blood glucose level and the prognosis.Methods: Seventy-five patients with stress hyperglycemia were divided into three groups according to their control of the blood glucose level.The blood glucose level in Group A was well controlled,Group B generally controlled and Group C demonstrated bad insulin control.The infection,multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and death rate were the judging standard between the groups;and the results were statistically analyzed.Results: The prognosis of group A was better than that of group B and group C(P<0.017 to P<0.010).There was no statistical significance between group B and group C(P>0.05).Conclusions: Control of excitability hyperglycemia level can ameliorate the patients' prognosis.
Objective: To explore the correlation between the blood glucose level and the prognosis.Methods: Seventy-five patients with stress hyperglycemia were divided into three groups according to their control of the blood glucose level.The blood glucose level in Group A was well controlled,Group B generally controlled and Group C demonstrated bad insulin control.The infection,multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and death rate were the judging standard between the groups;and the results were statistically analyzed.Results: The prognosis of group A was better than that of group B and group C(P<0.017 to P<0.010).There was no statistical significance between group B and group C(P>0.05).Conclusions: Control of excitability hyperglycemia level can ameliorate the patients' prognosis.
2007, 32(1): 34-36.
Abstract:
Objective: To explore the effect of treatment of rickets with different dosage of vitamin D on eruption of the deciduous teeth.Methods: Sixty children(aged 0 to 2 years) of vitamin D deficiency rickets were randomly divided into group of pulse therapy(vitamin D3 300 000 IU was given intramuscularly every 4 to 6 week and repeated 2 to 3 times within 3 to 4 months) and the control group(vitamin D concentrated drops in daily doses of 2 000-4 000 IU was orally given and 400-800 IU daily after 1 month) to observe the monthly number of children with eruption.Results: The average monthly number of children with eruption in the group of pulse therapy was significantly more than those in the control group,28/32 and 15/28 respectively(P<0.01).Conclusions: The pulse therapy of vitamin D may accelerate the eruption of the deciduous teeth in the rachitic children aged between 0 and 2 years old.The rate of eruption of the deciduous teeth may be one of the sensitive indices to evaluate the curative effect of rickets.
Objective: To explore the effect of treatment of rickets with different dosage of vitamin D on eruption of the deciduous teeth.Methods: Sixty children(aged 0 to 2 years) of vitamin D deficiency rickets were randomly divided into group of pulse therapy(vitamin D3 300 000 IU was given intramuscularly every 4 to 6 week and repeated 2 to 3 times within 3 to 4 months) and the control group(vitamin D concentrated drops in daily doses of 2 000-4 000 IU was orally given and 400-800 IU daily after 1 month) to observe the monthly number of children with eruption.Results: The average monthly number of children with eruption in the group of pulse therapy was significantly more than those in the control group,28/32 and 15/28 respectively(P<0.01).Conclusions: The pulse therapy of vitamin D may accelerate the eruption of the deciduous teeth in the rachitic children aged between 0 and 2 years old.The rate of eruption of the deciduous teeth may be one of the sensitive indices to evaluate the curative effect of rickets.
2007, 32(1): 36-37.
Abstract:
Objective: To observe the effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid parameters and albumin of patients with hemodialysis.Methods: Thirty-four regularly dialyzed patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.The patients in the treatment group were given 1.0 g L-carnitine intravenously two times per week(after each hemodialysis session) for 3 months and the controls were not.The laboratory markers of lipid metabolism and albumin were measured before the supplementation and 3 months after the treatment.Results: The albumin concentration and serum triglycerides increased significantly in the treatment group(P<0.05).Conclusions: Regular carnitine supplementation can reduce the serum levels of TG and increase the albumin of hemodialysis patients.
Objective: To observe the effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid parameters and albumin of patients with hemodialysis.Methods: Thirty-four regularly dialyzed patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.The patients in the treatment group were given 1.0 g L-carnitine intravenously two times per week(after each hemodialysis session) for 3 months and the controls were not.The laboratory markers of lipid metabolism and albumin were measured before the supplementation and 3 months after the treatment.Results: The albumin concentration and serum triglycerides increased significantly in the treatment group(P<0.05).Conclusions: Regular carnitine supplementation can reduce the serum levels of TG and increase the albumin of hemodialysis patients.
2007, 32(1): 38-39.
Abstract:
Objective: To evaluate TriVex phlebctomy and electrocoagulation combined with encircling constriction of superficial femoral vein for treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities.Methods: The clinical data of 106 cases(156 lower extremities) undergoing deep venography from January 2003 to June 2005 were analyzed retrospectively.22 cases(29 lower extremities) were treated with TriVex phlebctomy,84 cases(127 lower extremities) with electrocogulation,and 38 cases(47 lower extremities) received constriction of superficial vein at the same term.Results: Five cases treated with electrocoagulation presented burned skin,four cases developed subcutaneous indurations and three cases developed hematoma after TriVex phlebctomy;the leg swelling improved and no deep vein thrombus occurred;All the varicose veins are well controlled.Conclusions: Minimal invasive operations are eutherapeutic for varicose veins of the lower extremity and can be used for treatment of cases of severe femoral venous valve dysfunction when combined with encircling constriction of superficial femoral vein.
Objective: To evaluate TriVex phlebctomy and electrocoagulation combined with encircling constriction of superficial femoral vein for treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities.Methods: The clinical data of 106 cases(156 lower extremities) undergoing deep venography from January 2003 to June 2005 were analyzed retrospectively.22 cases(29 lower extremities) were treated with TriVex phlebctomy,84 cases(127 lower extremities) with electrocogulation,and 38 cases(47 lower extremities) received constriction of superficial vein at the same term.Results: Five cases treated with electrocoagulation presented burned skin,four cases developed subcutaneous indurations and three cases developed hematoma after TriVex phlebctomy;the leg swelling improved and no deep vein thrombus occurred;All the varicose veins are well controlled.Conclusions: Minimal invasive operations are eutherapeutic for varicose veins of the lower extremity and can be used for treatment of cases of severe femoral venous valve dysfunction when combined with encircling constriction of superficial femoral vein.
2007, 32(1): 40-41.
Abstract:
Objective: To explore the incision of the intrarenal sinus and segmental of a postrenal pole for removing of huge staghorn calculi.Methods: The data of 43 patients undergoing the incision of the intrarenal sinus and the segmental incision of a postrenal lower pole for the removal of huge staghorn calculi were studied.Results: The lithotomy was successful in all patients with the average operation time 112 minutes.The biggest stone was 6.6 cm×4.3 cm×3.0 cm.There were 1 280 stones in one patient.The average intraoperative bleeding volume was 260 ml.The examination 3 up to 6 months after the operation in 18 patients with kindey ureter bladder and intravenous pyelography or B ultrasound revealed residual stones in 4 patients with the diameters of less than 0.7 cm.Conclusions: The procedure needs no interruption of renal pedicle and has the advantages such as the simple operation,less bleeding,complete removal of calculus,and preservation of renal function.
Objective: To explore the incision of the intrarenal sinus and segmental of a postrenal pole for removing of huge staghorn calculi.Methods: The data of 43 patients undergoing the incision of the intrarenal sinus and the segmental incision of a postrenal lower pole for the removal of huge staghorn calculi were studied.Results: The lithotomy was successful in all patients with the average operation time 112 minutes.The biggest stone was 6.6 cm×4.3 cm×3.0 cm.There were 1 280 stones in one patient.The average intraoperative bleeding volume was 260 ml.The examination 3 up to 6 months after the operation in 18 patients with kindey ureter bladder and intravenous pyelography or B ultrasound revealed residual stones in 4 patients with the diameters of less than 0.7 cm.Conclusions: The procedure needs no interruption of renal pedicle and has the advantages such as the simple operation,less bleeding,complete removal of calculus,and preservation of renal function.
2007, 32(1): 42-43.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the clinical outcomes of treatment of comminuted intra-articular fractures of distal radius with T shape locking compression plate.Methods: Seventeen patients with distal radial fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation with T shape locking compression plates and did early functional exercises postoperatively.Results: All the patients were followed up for 7 to 15 months with an average of 10 months.Union was obtained in all the patients.The clinical outcomes was evaluated according to Dinest grading.Fourteen patients were graded as excellent and two as good.One complication was found.The overall satisfactory rate was 94%.Conclusions: T shape locking compression plate has been proved as a safe and effective implant for treatment of fracture of the distal ridius,especially for the patients with osteoporosis and unstable fractures of the distal radius,wherein it can firmly maintain the reduction of fracture and facilitate early postoperative rehabilitation.
Objective: To investigate the clinical outcomes of treatment of comminuted intra-articular fractures of distal radius with T shape locking compression plate.Methods: Seventeen patients with distal radial fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation with T shape locking compression plates and did early functional exercises postoperatively.Results: All the patients were followed up for 7 to 15 months with an average of 10 months.Union was obtained in all the patients.The clinical outcomes was evaluated according to Dinest grading.Fourteen patients were graded as excellent and two as good.One complication was found.The overall satisfactory rate was 94%.Conclusions: T shape locking compression plate has been proved as a safe and effective implant for treatment of fracture of the distal ridius,especially for the patients with osteoporosis and unstable fractures of the distal radius,wherein it can firmly maintain the reduction of fracture and facilitate early postoperative rehabilitation.
2007, 32(1): 44-45.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the best method in repairing the defects of soft tissues in feet.Methods: Free skip flap and axile island flap with vascular pedicle were employed to repair foot defects in 16 patients.Results: The foot defects in 16 feet were all repaired in one stage including the biggest defect areas of 12 cm×16 cm.All patients were followed up period of 1-4 years.The function of feet was significantly improved and the patients were all satisfied with operative results.Conclusions: Microsurgery will have widespread application value in repairing the defects of foot soft tissues.
Objective: To investigate the best method in repairing the defects of soft tissues in feet.Methods: Free skip flap and axile island flap with vascular pedicle were employed to repair foot defects in 16 patients.Results: The foot defects in 16 feet were all repaired in one stage including the biggest defect areas of 12 cm×16 cm.All patients were followed up period of 1-4 years.The function of feet was significantly improved and the patients were all satisfied with operative results.Conclusions: Microsurgery will have widespread application value in repairing the defects of foot soft tissues.
2007, 32(1): 46-47.
Abstract:
Objective: To compare the antalgic effect,the fluctuation of the circulatory system and the side effects of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia and the epidural anesthesia in hysterectomy.Methods: Sixty patients undergoing elective ASA ⅠorⅡsection were divided randomizedly into two groups:group A(n=30) received simple epidural anesthesia;group B(n=30) received combined epidural-spinal anaesthesia.BP,HR and SPO2 were monitored.The antalgic effect and the traction reflex were observed.Results: Homodynamics was relatively stable.BP was decreased after the anaesthesia in two groups,which was more significantly in group B.The sacral nerve was blocked perfectly in patients of group B without disgusting and vomiting in operation while some patients of group A complained about pains with the viscera traction reflex such as disgusting,vomiting,distension of the intestine and the tension of the abdominal muscles in operation(P<0.05 to P<0.005).Conclusions: The effect arises fast in combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia with better muscle relaxation and less side effects.This anaesthesia method is worth promoting.
Objective: To compare the antalgic effect,the fluctuation of the circulatory system and the side effects of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia and the epidural anesthesia in hysterectomy.Methods: Sixty patients undergoing elective ASA ⅠorⅡsection were divided randomizedly into two groups:group A(n=30) received simple epidural anesthesia;group B(n=30) received combined epidural-spinal anaesthesia.BP,HR and SPO2 were monitored.The antalgic effect and the traction reflex were observed.Results: Homodynamics was relatively stable.BP was decreased after the anaesthesia in two groups,which was more significantly in group B.The sacral nerve was blocked perfectly in patients of group B without disgusting and vomiting in operation while some patients of group A complained about pains with the viscera traction reflex such as disgusting,vomiting,distension of the intestine and the tension of the abdominal muscles in operation(P<0.05 to P<0.005).Conclusions: The effect arises fast in combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia with better muscle relaxation and less side effects.This anaesthesia method is worth promoting.
2007, 32(1): 48-49.
Abstract:
Objective: To explore the effect of acup-mox and functional training on acute facial paralysis.Methods: One hundred patients with acute facial paralysis were randomly divided into treatment group(group A) and control group(group B).In addition to the Neurology clinical routine therapy,group A were performed by acup-mox and functional training.The treatment group were also divided into two groups(group C,1-3 days and group D,4-10 days) according to the duration of disease.Results: The effective rate was 100% in the treatment group and 78% in the control group.The difference was significant between the two groups(P<0.005);the cured rate was 89.47% in group C and 58.33%in group D.There was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusions: The efficacy of acup-mox and functional training on acute facial paralysis is apparent.The shorter the duration of disease is,the batter the curative effect of acup-mox and functional training will be.
Objective: To explore the effect of acup-mox and functional training on acute facial paralysis.Methods: One hundred patients with acute facial paralysis were randomly divided into treatment group(group A) and control group(group B).In addition to the Neurology clinical routine therapy,group A were performed by acup-mox and functional training.The treatment group were also divided into two groups(group C,1-3 days and group D,4-10 days) according to the duration of disease.Results: The effective rate was 100% in the treatment group and 78% in the control group.The difference was significant between the two groups(P<0.005);the cured rate was 89.47% in group C and 58.33%in group D.There was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusions: The efficacy of acup-mox and functional training on acute facial paralysis is apparent.The shorter the duration of disease is,the batter the curative effect of acup-mox and functional training will be.
2007, 32(1): 50-51.
Abstract:
Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect and side effect of weekly docetaxel in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and breast cancer.Methods: Thirty-six patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and breast cancer received weekly docetaxel(25-40 mg/m2 on Day1,8,15 every 4 weeks) in combination with cisplatin or with cisplatin or capecitabine or epirubicin.Results: All the therapeutic effects and toxicities were evaluated by WHO standard.Complete response was observed in 3 cases,partial response in 10 cases,stable disease in 9 cases and progressive disease in 12 cases,with a total response rate of 36.1%.The main toxicity reaction was mild hematological toxicities.The incidence of leukopenia was 25.0% and that of grade III leucopenia 6.0%.The incidence rate of grade 1 to 2 anemia was 5.0%.Other non-hematological toxicities were rarely seen.Conclusions: Weekly docetaxel is safe and effect for treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer or non-small-cell lung cancer.
Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect and side effect of weekly docetaxel in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and breast cancer.Methods: Thirty-six patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and breast cancer received weekly docetaxel(25-40 mg/m2 on Day1,8,15 every 4 weeks) in combination with cisplatin or with cisplatin or capecitabine or epirubicin.Results: All the therapeutic effects and toxicities were evaluated by WHO standard.Complete response was observed in 3 cases,partial response in 10 cases,stable disease in 9 cases and progressive disease in 12 cases,with a total response rate of 36.1%.The main toxicity reaction was mild hematological toxicities.The incidence of leukopenia was 25.0% and that of grade III leucopenia 6.0%.The incidence rate of grade 1 to 2 anemia was 5.0%.Other non-hematological toxicities were rarely seen.Conclusions: Weekly docetaxel is safe and effect for treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer or non-small-cell lung cancer.
2007, 32(1): 52-53.
Abstract:
Objective: To study the effect of low molecular weight heparin(LMWH) in treatment of transient ischemic attack(TIA).Methods: Fifty-four patients were randomly divided treatment group and control group.The treatment group were injected LMWH 5000IU once every 12 hours for 10 days,while the control group were given asprine 150 mg orally once a day.The times of attack and the changes of fibrinogen(FIB),prothrombin time(PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) were observed.Results: The effective rates were 88.9% and 66.7% in the treatment group and the control group respectively.The difference was significant.There were no significant differences between FIB,PT and APTT(P>0.05),before and after treatment.No hemorrhage or other complications occurred.Conclusions: LMWH is effective and safe for treatment of TIA.
Objective: To study the effect of low molecular weight heparin(LMWH) in treatment of transient ischemic attack(TIA).Methods: Fifty-four patients were randomly divided treatment group and control group.The treatment group were injected LMWH 5000IU once every 12 hours for 10 days,while the control group were given asprine 150 mg orally once a day.The times of attack and the changes of fibrinogen(FIB),prothrombin time(PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) were observed.Results: The effective rates were 88.9% and 66.7% in the treatment group and the control group respectively.The difference was significant.There were no significant differences between FIB,PT and APTT(P>0.05),before and after treatment.No hemorrhage or other complications occurred.Conclusions: LMWH is effective and safe for treatment of TIA.
Significance of serum branched amino acid and tyrosine ratio in patients with lepatitis type B virus
2007, 32(1): 54-56.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the significance of the changes of serum branched chain amino acid and tyrosine ratio(BTR) in patients with lepatitis type B virus.Methods: The serum amino acids patterns of 85 cases with pateients with lepatitis type B virus were examined and the relativity analysis of the main index sign of the liver function was performed.Results: The BTR of the patients with hepatitis B virus changed,which varied with the levels of liver injury.The change of the BTR was closely related with the level of liver cell inflammation or necrosis,as well as the indexes of liver biochemistry.Conclusions: BTR can indirectly reflect the liver cell injury degree and it is simple and easy to conduct.Determining and tracking the serum amino acid pattern are of significance for the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of the disease.
Objective: To investigate the significance of the changes of serum branched chain amino acid and tyrosine ratio(BTR) in patients with lepatitis type B virus.Methods: The serum amino acids patterns of 85 cases with pateients with lepatitis type B virus were examined and the relativity analysis of the main index sign of the liver function was performed.Results: The BTR of the patients with hepatitis B virus changed,which varied with the levels of liver injury.The change of the BTR was closely related with the level of liver cell inflammation or necrosis,as well as the indexes of liver biochemistry.Conclusions: BTR can indirectly reflect the liver cell injury degree and it is simple and easy to conduct.Determining and tracking the serum amino acid pattern are of significance for the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of the disease.
2007, 32(1): 56-59.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the perioperative strategy for treatment of cerebroventricular hemorrhage with casting with both the drainage of cerebroventricle and the purification of cerebrospinal fluid.Methods: Thirty-four patients underwent bilateral or unilateral external cerebroventricular drainage and the purification of cerebrospinal fluid.The urokinase of 10 000 or 20 000 units in(4 ml) normal saline was injected into the cerebroventricular system 4 to 6 hours after no fresh blood was found in the drainage tube.Results: Eleven died,6 had severe disability,3 moderate disability,and 14 good recovery.Conclusions: The mortality of patients with total cerebroventricular hemorrhage can be decreased by early external drainage,the enhanced management during drainage period and the prevention of complications in the perioperative period.
Objective: To investigate the perioperative strategy for treatment of cerebroventricular hemorrhage with casting with both the drainage of cerebroventricle and the purification of cerebrospinal fluid.Methods: Thirty-four patients underwent bilateral or unilateral external cerebroventricular drainage and the purification of cerebrospinal fluid.The urokinase of 10 000 or 20 000 units in(4 ml) normal saline was injected into the cerebroventricular system 4 to 6 hours after no fresh blood was found in the drainage tube.Results: Eleven died,6 had severe disability,3 moderate disability,and 14 good recovery.Conclusions: The mortality of patients with total cerebroventricular hemorrhage can be decreased by early external drainage,the enhanced management during drainage period and the prevention of complications in the perioperative period.
2007, 32(1): 60-61.
Abstract:
Objective: To compare the effects of classic intrafascial supracervical hysterectomy(CISH) and total abdominal hysterectomy.Methods: One hundred and twenty-six patients diagnosed as pathologic changes of uterine were randomly divided into the group treated by CISH and the group treated by total abdominal hysterectomy.Both intraoperative and postoperative conditions were compared.Results: The operative time,intraoperative blood loss,the postoperative blood loss,the anus gas passage time and hospital stay after operation was less than that of group treated by total abdominal hysterectomy(P<0.005-P<0.001).Conclusions: The effect of CISH is significantly better than that of total abdominal hysterectomy.
Objective: To compare the effects of classic intrafascial supracervical hysterectomy(CISH) and total abdominal hysterectomy.Methods: One hundred and twenty-six patients diagnosed as pathologic changes of uterine were randomly divided into the group treated by CISH and the group treated by total abdominal hysterectomy.Both intraoperative and postoperative conditions were compared.Results: The operative time,intraoperative blood loss,the postoperative blood loss,the anus gas passage time and hospital stay after operation was less than that of group treated by total abdominal hysterectomy(P<0.005-P<0.001).Conclusions: The effect of CISH is significantly better than that of total abdominal hysterectomy.
2007, 32(1): 62-64.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the way of fetal macrosomia delivery and the supervision,investigate the relevant factors for macrosomia diagnosis and to reduce the complications of mothers and infants.Methods: The clinical data of 240 macrosomia fetuses,and 240 pregnant women who delivered mature and natural fetus as the control group were reviewed and analyzed.Results: The occurrence of macrosomia fetus was related to the overweight of the pregnant women,accompanied diabetes,hereditary factors,excessive intake of food for the women and too little exercise.The dystocia occurred easier in the fetal macrosomia group than in the control group.The rate of cesarean section delivery was 72.91% in the macrosomia group,higher than 32.08% in control group.Conclusions: The antenatal care is reinforced during the pregnancy to prevent occurrence of the fetal macrosomia.The maternal weight,height,the gestational weeks at delivery,maternal abdominal circle,biparietal diameter and femur length are predictive factors for diagnosis of macrosomia.The best timing of labor and the best delivery pattern can to reduce the complications of mothers and infants.
Objective: To investigate the way of fetal macrosomia delivery and the supervision,investigate the relevant factors for macrosomia diagnosis and to reduce the complications of mothers and infants.Methods: The clinical data of 240 macrosomia fetuses,and 240 pregnant women who delivered mature and natural fetus as the control group were reviewed and analyzed.Results: The occurrence of macrosomia fetus was related to the overweight of the pregnant women,accompanied diabetes,hereditary factors,excessive intake of food for the women and too little exercise.The dystocia occurred easier in the fetal macrosomia group than in the control group.The rate of cesarean section delivery was 72.91% in the macrosomia group,higher than 32.08% in control group.Conclusions: The antenatal care is reinforced during the pregnancy to prevent occurrence of the fetal macrosomia.The maternal weight,height,the gestational weeks at delivery,maternal abdominal circle,biparietal diameter and femur length are predictive factors for diagnosis of macrosomia.The best timing of labor and the best delivery pattern can to reduce the complications of mothers and infants.
2007, 32(1): 64-65.
Abstract:
Objective: To compare the amnesia effect of midazolam and droperidol used as an adjuvant during epidural blockade in surgical patients.Methods: Thirty-eight patients(ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ)were randomly divided into midazolam groups and droperido group(19 cases in each).After epidural blockade was established,midazolam 3 mg and meperiding 50 mg were infused to the midazolam group(group A),while droperidol2.5 mg and meperiding 50 mg were infused to the droperido group(group B).The amnesia effect was observed in both groups during 24 hours after operation.Results: The rate of amnesia reached 95.0% in group A,but only 21.1% in group B;the difference was significant(P<0.001).Conclusions: Midazolam used as adjuvant during epdural blockade has a better amnesia effect.
Objective: To compare the amnesia effect of midazolam and droperidol used as an adjuvant during epidural blockade in surgical patients.Methods: Thirty-eight patients(ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ)were randomly divided into midazolam groups and droperido group(19 cases in each).After epidural blockade was established,midazolam 3 mg and meperiding 50 mg were infused to the midazolam group(group A),while droperidol2.5 mg and meperiding 50 mg were infused to the droperido group(group B).The amnesia effect was observed in both groups during 24 hours after operation.Results: The rate of amnesia reached 95.0% in group A,but only 21.1% in group B;the difference was significant(P<0.001).Conclusions: Midazolam used as adjuvant during epdural blockade has a better amnesia effect.
2007, 32(1): 66-67.
Abstract:
Objective: To observe the curative effect of aciclovir on ocular herpes zoster.Methods: Aciclocir 0.5 g in 0.9% sodium chloride solution 250 ml were administered intravenously twice a day for 8 hours.Results: All 35 patients were cured.The course of disease was shortened by more than a half.The patients aged less than 35 years old were cured in 5 or 6 days,those aged between 36 and 49 years were cured in 5 to 8 days,those aged between 50 and 74 years were cured in 8 or 9 days,and those with complications were cured in 1 week to 2 weeks.Conclusions: The mechanism of aciclovir on ocular herpes zoster is to compete receptor with virus.Extending the transfusion time can extend the time to compete receptor with virus.Thus,transfusion must be maintained long enough to increase the curative effect.
Objective: To observe the curative effect of aciclovir on ocular herpes zoster.Methods: Aciclocir 0.5 g in 0.9% sodium chloride solution 250 ml were administered intravenously twice a day for 8 hours.Results: All 35 patients were cured.The course of disease was shortened by more than a half.The patients aged less than 35 years old were cured in 5 or 6 days,those aged between 36 and 49 years were cured in 5 to 8 days,those aged between 50 and 74 years were cured in 8 or 9 days,and those with complications were cured in 1 week to 2 weeks.Conclusions: The mechanism of aciclovir on ocular herpes zoster is to compete receptor with virus.Extending the transfusion time can extend the time to compete receptor with virus.Thus,transfusion must be maintained long enough to increase the curative effect.
2007, 32(1): 67-68.
Abstract:
Objective: To observe the clinical curative effect of endoscopic sinus surgery(ESS) in treatment of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps.Methods: Seventy-one patients(128 sides) with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps were treated with ESS and were followed up for one year postoperatively.Results: Fifty-one(71.8%) patients were cured.Improvement was achieved in 13 patients(18.3%) while no effect was achieved in 7 patients(9.9%).The total effective rate was 90.1%.The intraorbital congestion was found in(4 patients) intraoperatively,and the adhesion of nasal cavity was found in 6 patients postoperatively.Conclusions: The ESS is successful in the treatment of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps.The sufficient preparation before surgery,the excellent surgical skills in surgery and the regular follow-up after surgery can reduce complications effectively.
Objective: To observe the clinical curative effect of endoscopic sinus surgery(ESS) in treatment of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps.Methods: Seventy-one patients(128 sides) with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps were treated with ESS and were followed up for one year postoperatively.Results: Fifty-one(71.8%) patients were cured.Improvement was achieved in 13 patients(18.3%) while no effect was achieved in 7 patients(9.9%).The total effective rate was 90.1%.The intraorbital congestion was found in(4 patients) intraoperatively,and the adhesion of nasal cavity was found in 6 patients postoperatively.Conclusions: The ESS is successful in the treatment of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps.The sufficient preparation before surgery,the excellent surgical skills in surgery and the regular follow-up after surgery can reduce complications effectively.
Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalent of loratadine orally disintegrating tablets in healthy volunteers
2007, 32(1): 84-87.
Abstract:
Objective: To evaluate the bioequivalence of loratadine orally disintegrating tablets and loratadine tablets in healthy volunteers.Methods: A single oral dose of 20 mg test or reference formulations were given to 20 male healthy volunteers in a randomized crossover design.The serum concentration of loratadine was determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) method.Pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailability were calculated with DAS program to evaluate the bioequivalence of the two formulations.Results: Pharmacokinetic parameters of loratadine reference formulation were obtained as follows:Tmax was(1.33±1.02) h,Cmax was(41.0±17.1) μg/L,AUC0-15hwas(89.4±43.2) μg·L-1·h-1,AUC0-∞ was(101.7±39.2) μg·L-1·h-1.For test formulation:Tmax was(1.14±0.43) h,Cmax was(37.0±16.0) μg/L,AUC0-15hwas(99.6±49.5) μg·L-1·h-1,AUC0-∞ was(108.0±50.7) μg·L-1·h-1.Calculated with AUC0-15h,the bioavailability of two formulations was(115.1±32.0)%.Conclusions: The loratadine orally disintegrating tablets and loratadine tablets were bioequivalent.
Objective: To evaluate the bioequivalence of loratadine orally disintegrating tablets and loratadine tablets in healthy volunteers.Methods: A single oral dose of 20 mg test or reference formulations were given to 20 male healthy volunteers in a randomized crossover design.The serum concentration of loratadine was determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) method.Pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailability were calculated with DAS program to evaluate the bioequivalence of the two formulations.Results: Pharmacokinetic parameters of loratadine reference formulation were obtained as follows:Tmax was(1.33±1.02) h,Cmax was(41.0±17.1) μg/L,AUC0-15hwas(89.4±43.2) μg·L-1·h-1,AUC0-∞ was(101.7±39.2) μg·L-1·h-1.For test formulation:Tmax was(1.14±0.43) h,Cmax was(37.0±16.0) μg/L,AUC0-15hwas(99.6±49.5) μg·L-1·h-1,AUC0-∞ was(108.0±50.7) μg·L-1·h-1.Calculated with AUC0-15h,the bioavailability of two formulations was(115.1±32.0)%.Conclusions: The loratadine orally disintegrating tablets and loratadine tablets were bioequivalent.
2007, 32(1): 87-89.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the bioequivalence of roxithromycin dispersible tablets from two factories in Chinese healthy volunteers.Methods: Twenty volunteers were randomly divided into two groups(test and reference),with double cross over design.The concentration of roxithromycin in serum was determined by LC-MS and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with DAS 2.0 practical pharmacokinetics program.Results: The pharmacokinetic parameters of the testee and reference were as follows:Tmax(8.131±1.465)h and(9.020±2.914)h,Cmax(3.065±0.940) μg/ml and(3.157±1.019) μg/ml,Tmax(2.000±0.924)h and(2.306±1.363) h,AUC0-48h(38.312±19.673) μg·h-1·ml-1 and(41.029±21.842) μg·h-1·ml-1.The relative bioavalibility of the testee was(110.4±67.2)%.Conclusions: The statistical analysis showed that the test and reference preparation were bioequivalent.
Objective: To investigate the bioequivalence of roxithromycin dispersible tablets from two factories in Chinese healthy volunteers.Methods: Twenty volunteers were randomly divided into two groups(test and reference),with double cross over design.The concentration of roxithromycin in serum was determined by LC-MS and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with DAS 2.0 practical pharmacokinetics program.Results: The pharmacokinetic parameters of the testee and reference were as follows:Tmax(8.131±1.465)h and(9.020±2.914)h,Cmax(3.065±0.940) μg/ml and(3.157±1.019) μg/ml,Tmax(2.000±0.924)h and(2.306±1.363) h,AUC0-48h(38.312±19.673) μg·h-1·ml-1 and(41.029±21.842) μg·h-1·ml-1.The relative bioavalibility of the testee was(110.4±67.2)%.Conclusions: The statistical analysis showed that the test and reference preparation were bioequivalent.
2007, 32(1): 90-92.
Abstract:
Objective: To explore the knowledge level of,attitudes and their actions to acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) in the medical university students.Methods: Use cluster sampling to select students from Kunming Medical College.Un-condition Logistic and Spearmanrelation were used to analyze the relation between knowledge and other factors.Results: In the total 25 knowledge items in our questionnaire,the average marks were 22.50±2.35,Among them,males for 22.29±2.70,females for 22.67±2.02.There was no significant difference between the males and the females(P>0.05).Furthermore,Spearman relation told us that students who lived in city,had AIDS knowledge or high-education father(mother) were higher marks than others.In the other way,Spearman relation continued told us that if students had high marks,their attitudes about AIDS should have same right,they would go tothe department which had AIDS,treated AIDS as normal,etc.were better.Un-condition Logistic confirmed the results of Spearman relation.Conclusions: Most students hold AIDS knowledge,however,if we want to change their attitude and behavior,there is a long way to go.So in future,we must strengthen their overall knowledge about AIDS.It is necessary for relevant departments to strengthen education,explaining and consult for these students.
Objective: To explore the knowledge level of,attitudes and their actions to acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) in the medical university students.Methods: Use cluster sampling to select students from Kunming Medical College.Un-condition Logistic and Spearmanrelation were used to analyze the relation between knowledge and other factors.Results: In the total 25 knowledge items in our questionnaire,the average marks were 22.50±2.35,Among them,males for 22.29±2.70,females for 22.67±2.02.There was no significant difference between the males and the females(P>0.05).Furthermore,Spearman relation told us that students who lived in city,had AIDS knowledge or high-education father(mother) were higher marks than others.In the other way,Spearman relation continued told us that if students had high marks,their attitudes about AIDS should have same right,they would go tothe department which had AIDS,treated AIDS as normal,etc.were better.Un-condition Logistic confirmed the results of Spearman relation.Conclusions: Most students hold AIDS knowledge,however,if we want to change their attitude and behavior,there is a long way to go.So in future,we must strengthen their overall knowledge about AIDS.It is necessary for relevant departments to strengthen education,explaining and consult for these students.
2007, 32(1): 93-94.
Abstract:
Objective: To estimate the value of CT mapping in diagnosis of renal angiomyolipoma(RAL).Methods: Twenty-two cases of RAL were collected,10 of which were proved by pathological examination and 12 cases by at least 6-month following up.All the cases were performed routine CT Scan.Fourteen cases received enhanced CT scan,5 cases target scan and 3 cases pixel CT value measuring.Results: The pathologic characteristics of CT were spotty and streak soft tissues in the fatty density and the adipose tissues were always eccentric and of the shape of irregular honey-comb.The growth manifestations of RAL in CT were multiple centers,bilateral and protruding outward growth or creeping under the capsule.Conclusions: The detection of fatty density was the key to diagnosis of RAL.Multiple lesions,bilateral or protruding change and the defect like teeth of a cogwheel along the edge of parachyma were of great value to the diagnosis.
Objective: To estimate the value of CT mapping in diagnosis of renal angiomyolipoma(RAL).Methods: Twenty-two cases of RAL were collected,10 of which were proved by pathological examination and 12 cases by at least 6-month following up.All the cases were performed routine CT Scan.Fourteen cases received enhanced CT scan,5 cases target scan and 3 cases pixel CT value measuring.Results: The pathologic characteristics of CT were spotty and streak soft tissues in the fatty density and the adipose tissues were always eccentric and of the shape of irregular honey-comb.The growth manifestations of RAL in CT were multiple centers,bilateral and protruding outward growth or creeping under the capsule.Conclusions: The detection of fatty density was the key to diagnosis of RAL.Multiple lesions,bilateral or protruding change and the defect like teeth of a cogwheel along the edge of parachyma were of great value to the diagnosis.
2007, 32(1): 97-99.
Abstract:
Objective: To explore the influence of health education on patients undergoing interventional treatment.Methods: Fifty-two patients(37 men,15 women,mean age 60.5±9.2)were randomly assigned to intervention group(27 patients)and control group(25 patients).Health education via Powerpoint multimedia courseware containing letter,picture,flash animation and video film was given to the intervention group prior to elective coronary angiography,percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and intracoronary stenting.The control group were only told roughly the invasive procedure,common complications and precautions.The levels of anxiety in the two groups before and after health education was measured by the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI).Results: After health education,the anxiety scores decreased significantly in the intervention group(P<0.001)and the scores did not decrease in the control group(P>0.05).The change of anxiety trait scores before and after health education was not significant in the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions: Health education via powerpoint multimedia courseware is an effective way to reduce the anxiety of patients undergoing interventional treatment,which is worth popularizing.
Objective: To explore the influence of health education on patients undergoing interventional treatment.Methods: Fifty-two patients(37 men,15 women,mean age 60.5±9.2)were randomly assigned to intervention group(27 patients)and control group(25 patients).Health education via Powerpoint multimedia courseware containing letter,picture,flash animation and video film was given to the intervention group prior to elective coronary angiography,percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and intracoronary stenting.The control group were only told roughly the invasive procedure,common complications and precautions.The levels of anxiety in the two groups before and after health education was measured by the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI).Results: After health education,the anxiety scores decreased significantly in the intervention group(P<0.001)and the scores did not decrease in the control group(P>0.05).The change of anxiety trait scores before and after health education was not significant in the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions: Health education via powerpoint multimedia courseware is an effective way to reduce the anxiety of patients undergoing interventional treatment,which is worth popularizing.
2007, 32(1): 100-101.
Abstract:
Objective: To observe the analgesia effect of patient-controlled analgesia(PCA) after cesarean section.Methods: Fifty puerperium women in the experimental group received PCA and care after cesarean section and 50 controls received donlantine and routine care.The indexes such as the wound pain,the time of bedside exercise after operation and the side-effects were compared.Results: The effective rates were 92.0% and 26.0% in the experimental group and control group respectively.The difference was significant between the two groups(P<0.05),and the experimental group had earlier ambulation(P<0.001).Side-effects were observed in two patients in the experimental group and three patients in the control group.Conclusions: It is effective and safe to use PCA after cesarean section.Psychological nursing before operation and PCA after operation play an important role in the recovery for lying-in women receiving cesarean section.
Objective: To observe the analgesia effect of patient-controlled analgesia(PCA) after cesarean section.Methods: Fifty puerperium women in the experimental group received PCA and care after cesarean section and 50 controls received donlantine and routine care.The indexes such as the wound pain,the time of bedside exercise after operation and the side-effects were compared.Results: The effective rates were 92.0% and 26.0% in the experimental group and control group respectively.The difference was significant between the two groups(P<0.05),and the experimental group had earlier ambulation(P<0.001).Side-effects were observed in two patients in the experimental group and three patients in the control group.Conclusions: It is effective and safe to use PCA after cesarean section.Psychological nursing before operation and PCA after operation play an important role in the recovery for lying-in women receiving cesarean section.
2007, 32(1): 102-103.
Abstract:
Objective: To assess protection of operative personnel in abdominal operation with single-layer glove or double-layer gloves.Methods: Gloves used in abdominal operation for more than 1 hour were collected in the operation when the gloves were removed or at end of the surgical procedure.The collected gloves were tested by the air inflation and the water leaking method.The presence of blood or fluid on hands of operation personnel and comfortable feeling with double gloves were recorded.Results: Six hundred gloves used in 58 cases of abdominal operation of more than 1 hour were collected.One hundred and forty-seven gloves were found to have perforation in 490 single-layer gloves.Seventy-six gloves were changed during operation,the hands with 47 gloves on were contaminated,and 61 gloves were tested at end of the surgical procedure.In the double-layer gloves,perforation was found in 32 gloves in the outer glove and 9(16.3%) in the inner glove.Conclusions: Hands of operation personnel should be observed seriously during operation to avoid contamination by blood and fluid of the patients.It is recommended that double-layer gloves be used routinely in surgical procedures to protect hands of operative staff,especially in the operation for patients with virus in the blood.
Objective: To assess protection of operative personnel in abdominal operation with single-layer glove or double-layer gloves.Methods: Gloves used in abdominal operation for more than 1 hour were collected in the operation when the gloves were removed or at end of the surgical procedure.The collected gloves were tested by the air inflation and the water leaking method.The presence of blood or fluid on hands of operation personnel and comfortable feeling with double gloves were recorded.Results: Six hundred gloves used in 58 cases of abdominal operation of more than 1 hour were collected.One hundred and forty-seven gloves were found to have perforation in 490 single-layer gloves.Seventy-six gloves were changed during operation,the hands with 47 gloves on were contaminated,and 61 gloves were tested at end of the surgical procedure.In the double-layer gloves,perforation was found in 32 gloves in the outer glove and 9(16.3%) in the inner glove.Conclusions: Hands of operation personnel should be observed seriously during operation to avoid contamination by blood and fluid of the patients.It is recommended that double-layer gloves be used routinely in surgical procedures to protect hands of operative staff,especially in the operation for patients with virus in the blood.
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