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2012 Vol. 37, No. 4
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2012, 36(4): 373-375.
Abstract:
Objective ：To detect the expression of Oligl transcription factor in the development process of rat spinal cord. Methods： The rat spinal cord of embryonic days 14.5 and 18.5,on the day of birth,and 3 days,7 days,2 weeks and 5 weeks after birth were select
Objective ：To detect the expression of Oligl transcription factor in the development process of rat spinal cord. Methods： The rat spinal cord of embryonic days 14.5 and 18.5,on the day of birth,and 3 days,7 days,2 weeks and 5 weeks after birth were select
2012, 36(4): 376-379.
Abstract:
Objective：To explore the method which to express and purify the bioactive Grb7 SH2 domain.Methods：The fusion gene of GST-Grb7 SH2,which was constructed into the site between EcoRⅠ and XhoⅠ in the pEGX-4T-1,was induced by the 0.2 mmol/L IPTG to express in the BL 21 competent cells,at 25 ℃ for overnight,and the MALDI-TOF and Biacore3000 were used to identify the purity and bioactivity of the recombinant protein.Results：GST-Grb7 SH2 domain fusion protein(415 g) was purified from 500 ml LB bacterial liquid,and protein peaks were observed on the map of MALDI-TOF,and interactions between GST-Grb7 SH2 domain and phosphorylated peptide pY(1180) from the ErbB3,with concentrations of 10 nmol/L and 100 nmol/L,were measured by Biacore 3000.Conclusions：The recombinant GST-Grb7 SH2 domain can be obtained through a improved method,which may help to furtherly investigate the functions of Grb7 SH2 domain.
Objective：To explore the method which to express and purify the bioactive Grb7 SH2 domain.Methods：The fusion gene of GST-Grb7 SH2,which was constructed into the site between EcoRⅠ and XhoⅠ in the pEGX-4T-1,was induced by the 0.2 mmol/L IPTG to express in the BL 21 competent cells,at 25 ℃ for overnight,and the MALDI-TOF and Biacore3000 were used to identify the purity and bioactivity of the recombinant protein.Results：GST-Grb7 SH2 domain fusion protein(415 g) was purified from 500 ml LB bacterial liquid,and protein peaks were observed on the map of MALDI-TOF,and interactions between GST-Grb7 SH2 domain and phosphorylated peptide pY(1180) from the ErbB3,with concentrations of 10 nmol/L and 100 nmol/L,were measured by Biacore 3000.Conclusions：The recombinant GST-Grb7 SH2 domain can be obtained through a improved method,which may help to furtherly investigate the functions of Grb7 SH2 domain.
2012, 36(4): 380-382.
Abstract:
Objective：To study the role of miRNA transfection of heparanase(Hpa) and epithelial cell adhesion molecule(EP-CAM) in inhibiting the growth or gallbladder cancer cells in nude mouse model.Methods：The Hpa and EP-CAM eukaryotic expression plasmids were single of respectively and co-transfected into the human gallbladder cancer cell GBC-SD by liposome transfection method.The cell proliferation was detected by MTT method.After separation of out the stable interference cells,the experiments in nude mice were completed by subcutaneously injecting gallbladder cells into the nude mices lateral axillary,and the growth of the gallbladder cancer tumor in nude mice was observed in the following forty days.Results：MTT experiments showed that the cell growth was inhibited in the single transfected group and the co-transfected group,particularly in the co-transfected group.Nude mice models experiments showed suggested that the inhibition rate was 69.06%,64.94% and 85.67% in Hpa miRNA group,EP-CAM miRNA group and co-transfected group respectively.Hpa and EP-CAMs protein expressions in the interference groups were significantly lower than those in normal gallbladder cancer cells group.Conclusions：The method of using RNAi with Hpa and EP-CAM can inhibit the cell growth both in human gallbladder cancer cells and nude mouse model,and the effect is particularly prominent in the co-transfected group(P〈0.01).
Objective：To study the role of miRNA transfection of heparanase(Hpa) and epithelial cell adhesion molecule(EP-CAM) in inhibiting the growth or gallbladder cancer cells in nude mouse model.Methods：The Hpa and EP-CAM eukaryotic expression plasmids were single of respectively and co-transfected into the human gallbladder cancer cell GBC-SD by liposome transfection method.The cell proliferation was detected by MTT method.After separation of out the stable interference cells,the experiments in nude mice were completed by subcutaneously injecting gallbladder cells into the nude mices lateral axillary,and the growth of the gallbladder cancer tumor in nude mice was observed in the following forty days.Results：MTT experiments showed that the cell growth was inhibited in the single transfected group and the co-transfected group,particularly in the co-transfected group.Nude mice models experiments showed suggested that the inhibition rate was 69.06%,64.94% and 85.67% in Hpa miRNA group,EP-CAM miRNA group and co-transfected group respectively.Hpa and EP-CAMs protein expressions in the interference groups were significantly lower than those in normal gallbladder cancer cells group.Conclusions：The method of using RNAi with Hpa and EP-CAM can inhibit the cell growth both in human gallbladder cancer cells and nude mouse model,and the effect is particularly prominent in the co-transfected group(P〈0.01).
2012, 36(4): 383-385.
Abstract:
Objective：To study the effect of acanthopanax senticosus injection on intestinal propulsive and gastric emptying function in mice of gastrointestinal dysfunction.Methods：The charcoal propulsive method was adopted to observe how acanthopanax senticosus injection promoting intestinal propulsion which inhibited by atropine in mice;the gastric residual rate of methyl orange approach was adopted to observe how acanthopanax senticosus injection promoting gastric emptying inhibited by atropine.Results：Acanthopanax senticosus injection(flavonoids) at 50,100 and 200 mg/kg all can improved the propulsive function of small intestine(P〈0.05-P〈0.01) and gastric emptying function in mice inhibited by atropine(P〈0.01).Conclusions：Acanthopanax senticosus injection improves mice gastrointestinal dysfunction significantly which inhibited by atropine.
Objective：To study the effect of acanthopanax senticosus injection on intestinal propulsive and gastric emptying function in mice of gastrointestinal dysfunction.Methods：The charcoal propulsive method was adopted to observe how acanthopanax senticosus injection promoting intestinal propulsion which inhibited by atropine in mice;the gastric residual rate of methyl orange approach was adopted to observe how acanthopanax senticosus injection promoting gastric emptying inhibited by atropine.Results：Acanthopanax senticosus injection(flavonoids) at 50,100 and 200 mg/kg all can improved the propulsive function of small intestine(P〈0.05-P〈0.01) and gastric emptying function in mice inhibited by atropine(P〈0.01).Conclusions：Acanthopanax senticosus injection improves mice gastrointestinal dysfunction significantly which inhibited by atropine.
2012, 36(4): 386-388.
Abstract:
Objective：To study the changes of transforming growth factor-1(TGF-1) and tumor necrosis factor-(TNF-) in serum at different stages in the development of rat silicosis model.Methods：Thirty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into silica exposure group(20 rats) and control group(10 rats).Silica suspension at 40 mg/ml(1 ml) was administrated intratracheally once while equal amount of saline was intratracheal instilled to the rats in control group.Animals were sacrificed at 1st,7th,14th,21th and 28th day after instillation.The levels of TGF-1 and TNF- in serum were determined by ELISA.Results：In contrast to control group,TGF-1 level was decreased at 1st and 7th day(P〈0.01),and increased at 14th,21th and 28th day(P〈0.01) in experiment group.And TNF-level was increased at 1st,7th,and 14th day(P〈0.01),and decreased at 21th and 28th day(P〈0.01).Conclusions：Silica can induce the changes of serum TGF-1 and TNF- in experimental silicotic rat model.The unusual high expression of TGF-1 might take part in the pulmonary fibrosis.
Objective：To study the changes of transforming growth factor-1(TGF-1) and tumor necrosis factor-(TNF-) in serum at different stages in the development of rat silicosis model.Methods：Thirty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into silica exposure group(20 rats) and control group(10 rats).Silica suspension at 40 mg/ml(1 ml) was administrated intratracheally once while equal amount of saline was intratracheal instilled to the rats in control group.Animals were sacrificed at 1st,7th,14th,21th and 28th day after instillation.The levels of TGF-1 and TNF- in serum were determined by ELISA.Results：In contrast to control group,TGF-1 level was decreased at 1st and 7th day(P〈0.01),and increased at 14th,21th and 28th day(P〈0.01) in experiment group.And TNF-level was increased at 1st,7th,and 14th day(P〈0.01),and decreased at 21th and 28th day(P〈0.01).Conclusions：Silica can induce the changes of serum TGF-1 and TNF- in experimental silicotic rat model.The unusual high expression of TGF-1 might take part in the pulmonary fibrosis.
2012, 36(4): 389-391.
Abstract:
Objective：To investigate if ephedrine could significantly improve intubating conditions following priming with vecuronium.Methods：Sixty patients were randomly divided into control group and ephedrine group,30 patients in each group.Control group was defined by normal saline following priming with vecuronium and ephedrine group was defined by ephedrine following priming with vecuronium.Intubating condition score was done according to Coopers criteria after anesthesia induction,and mean arterial pressure and heart rate before and after 5 minutes after intubation were recorded.Results：Jaw relaxation score and diaphragmatic response score in ephedrine group were markedly better than control group(P〈0.05 and P〈0.01),but no significant differences of vocal cord position score was found between these two groups(P〉0.05).Intubating conditions were clinically acceptable in all patient in ephedrine group and 23 patients in control group after induction(P〈0.05).Compared with control group,elevated mean arterial pressure and increased heart rate emerged after intubation in ephedrine group(P〈0.05-P〈0.01).Conclusions：Ephedrine can significantly improved intubating conditions following priming with vecuronium.
Objective：To investigate if ephedrine could significantly improve intubating conditions following priming with vecuronium.Methods：Sixty patients were randomly divided into control group and ephedrine group,30 patients in each group.Control group was defined by normal saline following priming with vecuronium and ephedrine group was defined by ephedrine following priming with vecuronium.Intubating condition score was done according to Coopers criteria after anesthesia induction,and mean arterial pressure and heart rate before and after 5 minutes after intubation were recorded.Results：Jaw relaxation score and diaphragmatic response score in ephedrine group were markedly better than control group(P〈0.05 and P〈0.01),but no significant differences of vocal cord position score was found between these two groups(P〉0.05).Intubating conditions were clinically acceptable in all patient in ephedrine group and 23 patients in control group after induction(P〈0.05).Compared with control group,elevated mean arterial pressure and increased heart rate emerged after intubation in ephedrine group(P〈0.05-P〈0.01).Conclusions：Ephedrine can significantly improved intubating conditions following priming with vecuronium.
2012, 36(4): 392-395.
Abstract:
Objective：To investigate the clinicopathologic features,biological characteristics of langerhans cell histiocytosis(LCH) and its differentiated diagnosis.Methods：One case of LCH was reported and the clinicopathological features were summarized by literature review.Results：The case was performed two times of histopathological,diagnosis and the langerhans cells infiltrated in the dermis.The tumor cells were positivity for CD1 and S-100.Conclusions：Pathological examination is the reliable measure for diagnosis of LCH.
Objective：To investigate the clinicopathologic features,biological characteristics of langerhans cell histiocytosis(LCH) and its differentiated diagnosis.Methods：One case of LCH was reported and the clinicopathological features were summarized by literature review.Results：The case was performed two times of histopathological,diagnosis and the langerhans cells infiltrated in the dermis.The tumor cells were positivity for CD1 and S-100.Conclusions：Pathological examination is the reliable measure for diagnosis of LCH.
2012, 36(4): 396-399.
Abstract:
Objective：To investigate the levels of 15 metal elements in serum and urine of infants from Chongming district,and provide foundation for the research of dynamic changes and metabolism about these elements in vivo.Methods：The concentrations of 15 metal elements were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,and the distribution of there element were analyzed by K-S tests.Results：The data of 51V,53Cr,59Co,63Cu and 82Se level in serum and urine showed normal distribution(P〈0.05),while the data of 56Fe and 66Zn in serum,and 66Zn and 95Mo in urine showed normal distribution after natural log-transformation(P〈0.05).Conclusions：The concentrations of metal elements in infantsserum and urine have geographic and age-related characteristics in Chongming district,which can be used as the basis for further research.
Objective：To investigate the levels of 15 metal elements in serum and urine of infants from Chongming district,and provide foundation for the research of dynamic changes and metabolism about these elements in vivo.Methods：The concentrations of 15 metal elements were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,and the distribution of there element were analyzed by K-S tests.Results：The data of 51V,53Cr,59Co,63Cu and 82Se level in serum and urine showed normal distribution(P〈0.05),while the data of 56Fe and 66Zn in serum,and 66Zn and 95Mo in urine showed normal distribution after natural log-transformation(P〈0.05).Conclusions：The concentrations of metal elements in infantsserum and urine have geographic and age-related characteristics in Chongming district,which can be used as the basis for further research.
2012, 36(4): 399-401.
Abstract:
Objective：To observe the expression and function of TH17 cells in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods：Thirty patients with COPD were as the stable COPD group,30 healthy donors were enrolled as control.The expression of plasma TH17 cells was determined by flow cytometry.The levels of plasma interleukin(IL)-17,IL-4 and interferon(IFN)- were measured by ELISA.Results：The expression of TH17 cells in stable COPD group was significantly higher than that in normal group(P〈0.05).ELISA assay showed that the levels of plasma IL-17 and IFN- in stable COPD group were significantly higher than those in normal group(P〈0.05).The level of plasma IL-4 between the two groups had may participate statistical difference(P〉0.05).Conclusions：The expression of TH17 cells is significantly increased in patients with COPD,it participated in the chronic inflammatory process of COPD.
Objective：To observe the expression and function of TH17 cells in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods：Thirty patients with COPD were as the stable COPD group,30 healthy donors were enrolled as control.The expression of plasma TH17 cells was determined by flow cytometry.The levels of plasma interleukin(IL)-17,IL-4 and interferon(IFN)- were measured by ELISA.Results：The expression of TH17 cells in stable COPD group was significantly higher than that in normal group(P〈0.05).ELISA assay showed that the levels of plasma IL-17 and IFN- in stable COPD group were significantly higher than those in normal group(P〈0.05).The level of plasma IL-4 between the two groups had may participate statistical difference(P〉0.05).Conclusions：The expression of TH17 cells is significantly increased in patients with COPD,it participated in the chronic inflammatory process of COPD.
2012, 36(4): 402-403.
Abstract:
Objective：To investigate the image quality and diagnostic accuracy of sixty four-slice spiral computed tomography angiography(CTA) in patients with suspected coronary artery disease.Methods：Fifty patients with suspected coronary artery disease underwent CTA and selected coronary angiography(SCA).The SCA results were served as ＂gold standard＂ to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of CTA.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV) and negative predictive value(NPV) of CTA were calculated.Results：The sensitivity,specificity,PPV and NPV of coronary artery disease evaluated by CTA were 80.35%,96.53%,90.00% and 92.67%,respectively.There was a positive correlation in coronary stenosis of results between CTA and SCA(r=0.80,P〈0.01).CTA examination revealed 180 calcifications,while SCA only 80.Conclusions：CTA is a safe,simple and reliable noninvasive method for screening coronary artery disease,especially for revealing calcification.
Objective：To investigate the image quality and diagnostic accuracy of sixty four-slice spiral computed tomography angiography(CTA) in patients with suspected coronary artery disease.Methods：Fifty patients with suspected coronary artery disease underwent CTA and selected coronary angiography(SCA).The SCA results were served as ＂gold standard＂ to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of CTA.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV) and negative predictive value(NPV) of CTA were calculated.Results：The sensitivity,specificity,PPV and NPV of coronary artery disease evaluated by CTA were 80.35%,96.53%,90.00% and 92.67%,respectively.There was a positive correlation in coronary stenosis of results between CTA and SCA(r=0.80,P〈0.01).CTA examination revealed 180 calcifications,while SCA only 80.Conclusions：CTA is a safe,simple and reliable noninvasive method for screening coronary artery disease,especially for revealing calcification.
2012, 36(4): 404-406.
Abstract:
Objective：To sum up the clinical features of acute phosgene poisoning.Methods：Twenty three cases of acute phosgene poisoning in our hospital during Jan.6 to 8 in 2011were gathered.The latency phase,onset clinical manifestation,results of diagnosis and treatment were analyzed.Results：The latency phase in sever group was significantly shorter than in the other groups(mild group)(P〈0.01).The main onset clinical manifestations were cough(82.61%),oppressive sensation over the chest(69.57%).The respiratory rate,heart rat,levels of leukocyte count,neutrophil number,the value of creatine kinase,creatine phosphokinase-isoenzyme-MB and cardiac troponin-I in sever group was significantly greater than in the other groups(mild or moderately group)(P〈0.05 to P〈0.01).There were no deaths.Conclusions：The primary clinical symptom of acute phosgene poisoning mainly concentrated on the respiratory system.Each patient receives moderate-dose methylprednisolone and respiratory supporting according to the severity of the disease in the early stage,which is the key point for successful rescue.
Objective：To sum up the clinical features of acute phosgene poisoning.Methods：Twenty three cases of acute phosgene poisoning in our hospital during Jan.6 to 8 in 2011were gathered.The latency phase,onset clinical manifestation,results of diagnosis and treatment were analyzed.Results：The latency phase in sever group was significantly shorter than in the other groups(mild group)(P〈0.01).The main onset clinical manifestations were cough(82.61%),oppressive sensation over the chest(69.57%).The respiratory rate,heart rat,levels of leukocyte count,neutrophil number,the value of creatine kinase,creatine phosphokinase-isoenzyme-MB and cardiac troponin-I in sever group was significantly greater than in the other groups(mild or moderately group)(P〈0.05 to P〈0.01).There were no deaths.Conclusions：The primary clinical symptom of acute phosgene poisoning mainly concentrated on the respiratory system.Each patient receives moderate-dose methylprednisolone and respiratory supporting according to the severity of the disease in the early stage,which is the key point for successful rescue.
2012, 36(4): 407-409.
Abstract:
Objective：To explore the efficacy and safety of laryngeal mask in eldly with appendectomy using remifentanil anesthesia.Methods：Sixty cases with ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ were randomly divided into the intubation group(group T,30 cases) and the laryngeal mask group(group L,30 cases).The levels of mean arterial pressure(MAP) and heart rate(HR) and awakening quality were recorded at different time-points of before and after induction of anesthesia(T0,T1),laryngeal mask insertion(T2),cuting skin(T3),after 5 min entering abdomen(T4) and pulling out the laryngeal mask(T5).Results：The difference of MAP and HR of two groups had statistically significant(P〈0.05 to P〈0.01).The factors and the interaction effects of time of group T was significantly higher than that of group L(P〈0.05).Compared with group T,the extubation and recovery time and the incidence of postoperative agitation of group L were less(P〈0.05 to P〈0.01).Conclusions：Laryngeal mask for eldly with appendectomy using remifentanil anesthesia general anesthesia has good anesthetic effects,stabile hemodynamics,and fast recovery,and less side effects.
Objective：To explore the efficacy and safety of laryngeal mask in eldly with appendectomy using remifentanil anesthesia.Methods：Sixty cases with ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ were randomly divided into the intubation group(group T,30 cases) and the laryngeal mask group(group L,30 cases).The levels of mean arterial pressure(MAP) and heart rate(HR) and awakening quality were recorded at different time-points of before and after induction of anesthesia(T0,T1),laryngeal mask insertion(T2),cuting skin(T3),after 5 min entering abdomen(T4) and pulling out the laryngeal mask(T5).Results：The difference of MAP and HR of two groups had statistically significant(P〈0.05 to P〈0.01).The factors and the interaction effects of time of group T was significantly higher than that of group L(P〈0.05).Compared with group T,the extubation and recovery time and the incidence of postoperative agitation of group L were less(P〈0.05 to P〈0.01).Conclusions：Laryngeal mask for eldly with appendectomy using remifentanil anesthesia general anesthesia has good anesthetic effects,stabile hemodynamics,and fast recovery,and less side effects.
2012, 36(4): 410-411.
Abstract:
Objective：To study the feasibility and therapeutic effect of loop ligature with a rubber band under endoscope in treatment of benign tumors under mucosa in the alimentary tract.Methods：Forty-seven cases of benign tumors with a diameter of less than 1.5 cm under mucosa in the alimentary tract were performed by loop ligature with a rubber band under endoscope after being precluded of canceration by gastroscope,ultrasonic endoscope and pathology biopsy.The loop ligature(hyaline cap) was,connected to the head of the gastroscope,the benign tumor under mucosa in the alimentary tract was drawn into the hyaline cap with underpressure before releasing the rubber band,and then the benign tumor was loop-ligatured.The therapeutic effect was evaluated several days later.Results：The benign tumor ablated completely;a superficial anabrosis was formed in the mucosa,and cicatrized within one or two weeks.No one presented abdominal pain,vomit,hemorrhage,perforation or infection.Conclusions：The procedure of loop ligature under endoscope with a rubber band is easy and safe for treatment of benign tumors under mucosa in the alimentary tract.
Objective：To study the feasibility and therapeutic effect of loop ligature with a rubber band under endoscope in treatment of benign tumors under mucosa in the alimentary tract.Methods：Forty-seven cases of benign tumors with a diameter of less than 1.5 cm under mucosa in the alimentary tract were performed by loop ligature with a rubber band under endoscope after being precluded of canceration by gastroscope,ultrasonic endoscope and pathology biopsy.The loop ligature(hyaline cap) was,connected to the head of the gastroscope,the benign tumor under mucosa in the alimentary tract was drawn into the hyaline cap with underpressure before releasing the rubber band,and then the benign tumor was loop-ligatured.The therapeutic effect was evaluated several days later.Results：The benign tumor ablated completely;a superficial anabrosis was formed in the mucosa,and cicatrized within one or two weeks.No one presented abdominal pain,vomit,hemorrhage,perforation or infection.Conclusions：The procedure of loop ligature under endoscope with a rubber band is easy and safe for treatment of benign tumors under mucosa in the alimentary tract.
The clinical diagnosis and treatment of acute lung injury induced by ammonia inhalation for 32 cases
2012, 36(4): 412-414.
Abstract:
Objective：To explore the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of acute lung injury induced by ammonia inhalation for providing the help of disease assessment,prognosis and follow-up.Methods：Thirty-two cases with acute lung injury induced by ammonia inhalation were treated with oxygen inhalation and keeping the unobstructed of respiratory tract.Three cases with laryngeal obstruction were tracheotomied.In acute stage,glucocorticoid,prevention of infection,nutrition support and symptomatic treatment were applied.Results：Thirty-two cases were treated successfully.Eight cases appeared slight pulmonary fibrosis after 6 months of follow-up.Conclusions：The results of the bronchoscopy are important for disease assessment and prognosis of acute lung injury induced by ammonia inhalation.The early application of corticosteroids,preventing secondary infection,the full atomization to promote expectoration and timely tracheostomy to maintain airway patency are the keys to ensure successful treatment.
Objective：To explore the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of acute lung injury induced by ammonia inhalation for providing the help of disease assessment,prognosis and follow-up.Methods：Thirty-two cases with acute lung injury induced by ammonia inhalation were treated with oxygen inhalation and keeping the unobstructed of respiratory tract.Three cases with laryngeal obstruction were tracheotomied.In acute stage,glucocorticoid,prevention of infection,nutrition support and symptomatic treatment were applied.Results：Thirty-two cases were treated successfully.Eight cases appeared slight pulmonary fibrosis after 6 months of follow-up.Conclusions：The results of the bronchoscopy are important for disease assessment and prognosis of acute lung injury induced by ammonia inhalation.The early application of corticosteroids,preventing secondary infection,the full atomization to promote expectoration and timely tracheostomy to maintain airway patency are the keys to ensure successful treatment.
2012, 36(4): 415-418.
Abstract:
Objective：To investigate the occurrence and classification of congenital vaginal atresia.Methods：A retrospective analysis(from Mar.1984 to Mar.2010) about congenital vaginal atresia was carried.All 95 cases were classified according to anatomic characteristics.A new hypothesis was developed based on the traditional theory of embryonic development and a serial of experimental data.Further study about the occurrence and classification was raised.Results：A new classification was developed and listed.Type Ⅰ：atresia in lower part,type Ⅱ：full atresia,type Ⅲ：atresia in upper part,and type Ⅳ：atresia on the top.Conclusions：The new classification will be benefit for the diagnosis and treatment in future clinical practice.
Objective：To investigate the occurrence and classification of congenital vaginal atresia.Methods：A retrospective analysis(from Mar.1984 to Mar.2010) about congenital vaginal atresia was carried.All 95 cases were classified according to anatomic characteristics.A new hypothesis was developed based on the traditional theory of embryonic development and a serial of experimental data.Further study about the occurrence and classification was raised.Results：A new classification was developed and listed.Type Ⅰ：atresia in lower part,type Ⅱ：full atresia,type Ⅲ：atresia in upper part,and type Ⅳ：atresia on the top.Conclusions：The new classification will be benefit for the diagnosis and treatment in future clinical practice.
2012, 36(4): 418-421.
Abstract:
Objective：To evaluate the protective effect of trimetazidine on myocardial injury by percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods：Seventy-two cases with stable or unstable angina were randomly divided into control group(n=34) and trimetazidine group(n=38).Treatment group received trimetazidine of 20 mg three times a day for 7 days before PCI) and Continuous oral three months after PCI.Control group did not receive trimetazidine.All cases(n=72) were administered aspirin and conventional drugtreatment.The cardiac troponin Ic(cTnI) and creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB) levels of each case were measured at 6,24 hour and left ventricular ejection fraction were also detcted at 1,3 month before and after PCI.Results：In all cases,the cardiac troponin Ic(cTnI) and creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB) levels had no significantly difference(P〉0.05)before PCI,but its levels of trimetazidine group were also significantly lower than that of control group throughout procedure after PCI.Left ventricular ejection levels of trimetazidine group were also significantly higher than control group at 1,3 month after PCI(P〈0.01).Conclusions：Using trimetazidine before PCI can significantly reduce myocardial injury PCI-induced,and improves left ventricular contractility function.
Objective：To evaluate the protective effect of trimetazidine on myocardial injury by percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods：Seventy-two cases with stable or unstable angina were randomly divided into control group(n=34) and trimetazidine group(n=38).Treatment group received trimetazidine of 20 mg three times a day for 7 days before PCI) and Continuous oral three months after PCI.Control group did not receive trimetazidine.All cases(n=72) were administered aspirin and conventional drugtreatment.The cardiac troponin Ic(cTnI) and creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB) levels of each case were measured at 6,24 hour and left ventricular ejection fraction were also detcted at 1,3 month before and after PCI.Results：In all cases,the cardiac troponin Ic(cTnI) and creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB) levels had no significantly difference(P〉0.05)before PCI,but its levels of trimetazidine group were also significantly lower than that of control group throughout procedure after PCI.Left ventricular ejection levels of trimetazidine group were also significantly higher than control group at 1,3 month after PCI(P〈0.01).Conclusions：Using trimetazidine before PCI can significantly reduce myocardial injury PCI-induced,and improves left ventricular contractility function.
2012, 36(4): 422-423.
Abstract:
Objective：To evaluate the clinical value of colposcopy in diagnosis of cervical disease.Methods：The colposcopy results of 736 patients with cervical disease were analyzed.Results：In all patients,124 cases with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN) 1,34 cases with CIN 2,13 cases with CIN 3,37 cases with cervical disease and 28 cases with papilloma virus(HPV) infection were diagnosed.Conclusions：Colposcopy is a value way in diagnosis of early cervical carcinoma,CIN and HPV infection.
Objective：To evaluate the clinical value of colposcopy in diagnosis of cervical disease.Methods：The colposcopy results of 736 patients with cervical disease were analyzed.Results：In all patients,124 cases with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN) 1,34 cases with CIN 2,13 cases with CIN 3,37 cases with cervical disease and 28 cases with papilloma virus(HPV) infection were diagnosed.Conclusions：Colposcopy is a value way in diagnosis of early cervical carcinoma,CIN and HPV infection.
2012, 36(4): 424-425.
Abstract:
Objective：To explore the clincal values of the transvaginal hysterectomy for no prolapse.Methods：One hundred and twenty cases no prolapse were divided into observion group(80 cases) which were treated with transvaginal hysterectomy(TVH) and control group(40 cases) which were treated with transabdominal hysterectomy(TAH).The operation time,amount of intraoperative bleeding and postoperative condition of two groups were observed.Results：The operation of group TVH were successful,and none of laparotomy.Compared with group TAH,the amount of intraoperative bleeding and the time of operation,anal discharge,postoperative ambulation and hospital stay were less,and there were significant differences(P〈0.05).Conclusions：Compared with TAH,the TVH is easy to handle,less bleeding,light pain,eraly anal discharge and in favor ofmental health,and worth promoting.
Objective：To explore the clincal values of the transvaginal hysterectomy for no prolapse.Methods：One hundred and twenty cases no prolapse were divided into observion group(80 cases) which were treated with transvaginal hysterectomy(TVH) and control group(40 cases) which were treated with transabdominal hysterectomy(TAH).The operation time,amount of intraoperative bleeding and postoperative condition of two groups were observed.Results：The operation of group TVH were successful,and none of laparotomy.Compared with group TAH,the amount of intraoperative bleeding and the time of operation,anal discharge,postoperative ambulation and hospital stay were less,and there were significant differences(P〈0.05).Conclusions：Compared with TAH,the TVH is easy to handle,less bleeding,light pain,eraly anal discharge and in favor ofmental health,and worth promoting.
2012, 36(4): 426-427.
Abstract:
Objective：To observate the effect of pioglitazone combined with metformin on polycysticovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods：One hundred and four cases with PCOS were randomly divided into treatment group(56 cases) and control group(48 cases).The treatment group was treated with metformin and pioglitazone,the control group were only treated with metformin for 3 months.All cases were induced ovulation with Letrozole and hCG and the data of follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),serum levels of testosterone(T),luteum-stimulating hormone(LH),fasting insulin(FINS),fasting blood-glucose(FPG),and the rate of ovulation and pregnancy were measured.Results：The levels of LH,FPG and T in treatment group were significantly higher than those of control group(P〈0.01) and the levels of FSH,FINS,Syndrome unruptured follicular syndrome and the rate of ovulation and pregnancy were not statistical significant(P〉0.05).Conclusions：Pioglitazone combined with metformin can improve the hormone secretion,and ovulation and pregnancy are uninfluenced.
Objective：To observate the effect of pioglitazone combined with metformin on polycysticovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods：One hundred and four cases with PCOS were randomly divided into treatment group(56 cases) and control group(48 cases).The treatment group was treated with metformin and pioglitazone,the control group were only treated with metformin for 3 months.All cases were induced ovulation with Letrozole and hCG and the data of follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),serum levels of testosterone(T),luteum-stimulating hormone(LH),fasting insulin(FINS),fasting blood-glucose(FPG),and the rate of ovulation and pregnancy were measured.Results：The levels of LH,FPG and T in treatment group were significantly higher than those of control group(P〈0.01) and the levels of FSH,FINS,Syndrome unruptured follicular syndrome and the rate of ovulation and pregnancy were not statistical significant(P〉0.05).Conclusions：Pioglitazone combined with metformin can improve the hormone secretion,and ovulation and pregnancy are uninfluenced.
2012, 36(4): 428-430.
Abstract:
Objective：To explore the effect of sufentail or flurbiprofen axetil combined with tramadol hydrochloride on patients in the recovery period after remifentanil-based general anesthesia.Methods：Forty patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were evenly divided into two groups：sufentanil group(group A) and flurbiprofen axetil combined with tramadol hydrochloride group(group B).Group A received intravenous injection of 0.15 g/kg sufentanil five minutes before the end of the operation,and group B received intravenous injection of 50 mg flurbiprofen axetil ten minutes before the operation and 50 mg flurbiprofen axetil with 2 mg/kg tramadol hydrochloride ten minutes before the end of the operation.The recovery time,verbal rating scale and incidence of side effects were evaluated.Results：The recovery time of group A was longer than that of group B(P〈0.01).The VRS of group B at 10,20 and 30 min after extubation was significantly higher than that of group A(P〈0.01).The incidence of side effects was similar 2 h after extubation between the two groups(P〉0.05).Conclusions：Sufentanil provides more effective analgesia than flurbiprofen axetil combined with tramadol hydrochloride for patients in the early recovery period after remifentanil-based general anesthesia.
Objective：To explore the effect of sufentail or flurbiprofen axetil combined with tramadol hydrochloride on patients in the recovery period after remifentanil-based general anesthesia.Methods：Forty patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were evenly divided into two groups：sufentanil group(group A) and flurbiprofen axetil combined with tramadol hydrochloride group(group B).Group A received intravenous injection of 0.15 g/kg sufentanil five minutes before the end of the operation,and group B received intravenous injection of 50 mg flurbiprofen axetil ten minutes before the operation and 50 mg flurbiprofen axetil with 2 mg/kg tramadol hydrochloride ten minutes before the end of the operation.The recovery time,verbal rating scale and incidence of side effects were evaluated.Results：The recovery time of group A was longer than that of group B(P〈0.01).The VRS of group B at 10,20 and 30 min after extubation was significantly higher than that of group A(P〈0.01).The incidence of side effects was similar 2 h after extubation between the two groups(P〉0.05).Conclusions：Sufentanil provides more effective analgesia than flurbiprofen axetil combined with tramadol hydrochloride for patients in the early recovery period after remifentanil-based general anesthesia.
2012, 36(4): 431-432.
Abstract:
Objective：To assess the curative effects of statin drugs on stroke patient with thrombolysis treatment.Methods：Brain function recovery condition of 9 stroke cases with thrombolysis treatment taking or no-taking statin was evaluated during different periods according to Modified Rankin scale(mRS) and Nationel Institutes of Health Stroke scale(NIHSS).Results：The NIHSS scores of cases who took statin were significantly lower than that of no-taking statin at 48 hours(P〈0.01).There were 4 cases mRS scores between 0-2 and no death with 3 months statin treatment.Conclusions：statin treatment can promote brain function recovery of stroke patient with thrombolysis treatment.
Objective：To assess the curative effects of statin drugs on stroke patient with thrombolysis treatment.Methods：Brain function recovery condition of 9 stroke cases with thrombolysis treatment taking or no-taking statin was evaluated during different periods according to Modified Rankin scale(mRS) and Nationel Institutes of Health Stroke scale(NIHSS).Results：The NIHSS scores of cases who took statin were significantly lower than that of no-taking statin at 48 hours(P〈0.01).There were 4 cases mRS scores between 0-2 and no death with 3 months statin treatment.Conclusions：statin treatment can promote brain function recovery of stroke patient with thrombolysis treatment.
2012, 36(4): 433-435.
Abstract:
Objective：To analyze the clinical features and complications of tracheal intubation in intensive care unit(ICU),and to explore the suitable time and strategy.Methods：One hundred and eighty patients receiving tracheal intubation in ICU were divided into the schedule group and the emergency group.The schedule group(98 cases) had indications for intubation and were fully prepared,while the emergency group(82 cases) underwent intubations without full preparation due to rapid progression of the disease and accidental extubation.The time of intubation,the number of intubation attempts and the related complications of the two groups were recorded.Results：The success rate of intubation was 58.9% on the first attempt in all the 180 cases.The main complication during and after induction was hypoxemia(46.1%).The schedule group were superior to the emergency group,success rate of the second attempt and hypoxemia incidence(P〈0.01).Conclusions：The tracheal intubation in ICU is difficult and tends to have more complications.Early recognition of patients with indications and sufficient preparation are critical to successful bedside intubation.
Objective：To analyze the clinical features and complications of tracheal intubation in intensive care unit(ICU),and to explore the suitable time and strategy.Methods：One hundred and eighty patients receiving tracheal intubation in ICU were divided into the schedule group and the emergency group.The schedule group(98 cases) had indications for intubation and were fully prepared,while the emergency group(82 cases) underwent intubations without full preparation due to rapid progression of the disease and accidental extubation.The time of intubation,the number of intubation attempts and the related complications of the two groups were recorded.Results：The success rate of intubation was 58.9% on the first attempt in all the 180 cases.The main complication during and after induction was hypoxemia(46.1%).The schedule group were superior to the emergency group,success rate of the second attempt and hypoxemia incidence(P〈0.01).Conclusions：The tracheal intubation in ICU is difficult and tends to have more complications.Early recognition of patients with indications and sufficient preparation are critical to successful bedside intubation.
2012, 36(4): 435-437.
Abstract:
Objective：To investigate the clinical feasibility of reserving the intercostobrachial nerve(ICBN) in radical resection of breast cancer.Methods：Eighty-six cases of breast cancer at stageⅠor Ⅱ were randomly divided into observation group(n=38) and control group(n=48).In the observation group the ICBN were preserved in the axillary lymph node dissection operation,while in the control group the ICBN were resected in the operation.After the operation,both groups were treated as breast cancer and followed up.Results：The differences of esthesiodemt in the internal upper arm and axilla were statistically significant between the two groups(P〈0.01).There was no local tumor or recurrence after a mean of 16 months follow-up.Conclusions：It is feasible to preserve the intercostobrachial nerve in radical resection of breast cancer,which reserves the skin sensory function of the internal upper arm and axilla,thus enhancing the patients quality of life.
Objective：To investigate the clinical feasibility of reserving the intercostobrachial nerve(ICBN) in radical resection of breast cancer.Methods：Eighty-six cases of breast cancer at stageⅠor Ⅱ were randomly divided into observation group(n=38) and control group(n=48).In the observation group the ICBN were preserved in the axillary lymph node dissection operation,while in the control group the ICBN were resected in the operation.After the operation,both groups were treated as breast cancer and followed up.Results：The differences of esthesiodemt in the internal upper arm and axilla were statistically significant between the two groups(P〈0.01).There was no local tumor or recurrence after a mean of 16 months follow-up.Conclusions：It is feasible to preserve the intercostobrachial nerve in radical resection of breast cancer,which reserves the skin sensory function of the internal upper arm and axilla,thus enhancing the patients quality of life.
2012, 36(4): 438-439.
Abstract:
Objective：To evaluate the feasibility of the application liposuction on the axillary lymph node excision for breast cancer.Methods：Thirty eight patients with a preoperative palpable breast cancer and axillary lymph nodes were treated as observed group and underwent modified radical mastectomy.Axillary injection of fat dissolving solution and suction fat after dissection.Intercostal nerve,long thoracic nerve and thoracodorsal nerve were retained during operation 20 patients were treated as control group which received traditional axillary lymph node dissection.Results：Less blood loss with an average of 15 lymph nodes removed in observed group.There was no significant postoperative complications in all patients.Mean follow-up time was 6 months.Patients had no axillary recurrence,impairment of shoulder mobility,upper extremity edema and paralysis,etc.Conclusions：Liposuction fat dissolving solution followed by axillary lymph node excision,is a simple,saving time,more thorough lymph node dissection and less neurovascular injury.
Objective：To evaluate the feasibility of the application liposuction on the axillary lymph node excision for breast cancer.Methods：Thirty eight patients with a preoperative palpable breast cancer and axillary lymph nodes were treated as observed group and underwent modified radical mastectomy.Axillary injection of fat dissolving solution and suction fat after dissection.Intercostal nerve,long thoracic nerve and thoracodorsal nerve were retained during operation 20 patients were treated as control group which received traditional axillary lymph node dissection.Results：Less blood loss with an average of 15 lymph nodes removed in observed group.There was no significant postoperative complications in all patients.Mean follow-up time was 6 months.Patients had no axillary recurrence,impairment of shoulder mobility,upper extremity edema and paralysis,etc.Conclusions：Liposuction fat dissolving solution followed by axillary lymph node excision,is a simple,saving time,more thorough lymph node dissection and less neurovascular injury.
2012, 36(4): 440-441.
Abstract:
Objective：To explore the clinical therapy for treatment of very low birth weight infants.Methods：The clinical manifestation of 22 very low birth weight infants was analyzed.Comprehensive therapy such as incubator rewarming,respiratory monitoring,blood glucose controlling and electrolyte acid-base balance maintaining was given during the inpatient care;and the cases with hyperbillrubinemia received blue-ray treatment and nutrition management in addition.Results：The average hospital stay was forty-two days.Eighteen cases were discharged alive,two cases died and two cases left without permission.Conclusions：The treatment of very low birth weight infants should focus on warm-keeping,breathing care,reasonable feeding,and intravenous nutrition.Active management of various complications should also be emphasized.
Objective：To explore the clinical therapy for treatment of very low birth weight infants.Methods：The clinical manifestation of 22 very low birth weight infants was analyzed.Comprehensive therapy such as incubator rewarming,respiratory monitoring,blood glucose controlling and electrolyte acid-base balance maintaining was given during the inpatient care;and the cases with hyperbillrubinemia received blue-ray treatment and nutrition management in addition.Results：The average hospital stay was forty-two days.Eighteen cases were discharged alive,two cases died and two cases left without permission.Conclusions：The treatment of very low birth weight infants should focus on warm-keeping,breathing care,reasonable feeding,and intravenous nutrition.Active management of various complications should also be emphasized.
2012, 36(4): 442-444.
Abstract:
Objective：To investigate the effects of treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) patients with respiratory failure with the sequential noninvasive and invasive ventilation.Methods：Sixty-four COPD patients with respiratory failure were randomly divided into the treatment group(the sequential noninvasive and invasive ventilation group) and the control group.Palmonary infection control(PIC) windows was defined,the the length of ventilation and mechanical ventilation time,hospital stay and the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia and mortality of all cases were recorded.Results：The time of PIC window of two groups were(6.52.0) and(7.51.0) days respectively(P〈0.01).Compared with the control group,the data of HR,RR,PaO2,PaCO2 and pH of treatmen group had statistically significant difference(P〉0.05).The length of ventilation and mechanical ventilation time,and hospital stay of treatment group were shorter than that of control group(P〈0.01).The incidence of VAP in the treatment group were significant less than that of control group(P〈0.05),and mortality rate was no significant difference(P〉0.05).Conclusions：The method of treating COPD patients with respiratory failure with the sequential noninvasive and invasive ventilation can reduce the length of mechanical ventilation time and the incidence of VAP,which is a potent treatment regimen.
Objective：To investigate the effects of treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) patients with respiratory failure with the sequential noninvasive and invasive ventilation.Methods：Sixty-four COPD patients with respiratory failure were randomly divided into the treatment group(the sequential noninvasive and invasive ventilation group) and the control group.Palmonary infection control(PIC) windows was defined,the the length of ventilation and mechanical ventilation time,hospital stay and the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia and mortality of all cases were recorded.Results：The time of PIC window of two groups were(6.52.0) and(7.51.0) days respectively(P〈0.01).Compared with the control group,the data of HR,RR,PaO2,PaCO2 and pH of treatmen group had statistically significant difference(P〉0.05).The length of ventilation and mechanical ventilation time,and hospital stay of treatment group were shorter than that of control group(P〈0.01).The incidence of VAP in the treatment group were significant less than that of control group(P〈0.05),and mortality rate was no significant difference(P〉0.05).Conclusions：The method of treating COPD patients with respiratory failure with the sequential noninvasive and invasive ventilation can reduce the length of mechanical ventilation time and the incidence of VAP,which is a potent treatment regimen.
2012, 36(4): 451-453.
Abstract:
Objective：To investigate the distribution of HBV B,C genotypes in Chizhou district and its clinical significance.Methods：The genotypes of 116 HBV-infected patients were determined by quantitative fluorescent PCR.The correlation of HBV genotype and clinical characteristics of patients were analyzed.Results：Among the 116 serum samples of HBV-infected patients,the genotype B and C were 75 cases and 39 cases respectively,the genotype B/C was 2 cases.There had no significant difference of clinical parameters between the different genotypes(P〉0.05).The positive rate of HBeAg in genotype C group was 53.8%,which was higher than that in genotype B group(30.7%)(2=5.82,P〈0.05).Conclusions：HBV genotype B is predominant in Chizhou district,following by genotype C.HBV genotype C is related to severity liver disease.
Objective：To investigate the distribution of HBV B,C genotypes in Chizhou district and its clinical significance.Methods：The genotypes of 116 HBV-infected patients were determined by quantitative fluorescent PCR.The correlation of HBV genotype and clinical characteristics of patients were analyzed.Results：Among the 116 serum samples of HBV-infected patients,the genotype B and C were 75 cases and 39 cases respectively,the genotype B/C was 2 cases.There had no significant difference of clinical parameters between the different genotypes(P〉0.05).The positive rate of HBeAg in genotype C group was 53.8%,which was higher than that in genotype B group(30.7%)(2=5.82,P〈0.05).Conclusions：HBV genotype B is predominant in Chizhou district,following by genotype C.HBV genotype C is related to severity liver disease.
2012, 36(4): 454-455.
Abstract:
Objective：To analyze the detection results of acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS),and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of the disease.Methods：PA was used for the detection of HIV-1 anti-body before 1999,ELISA was adopted since 1999,and West blot was used for the confirmatory test since 2008.Results：A total of 22 547 samples were detected,and 262 cases of anti-HIV positive were identified,with a positive rate of 1.16%.Fifty-seven of the 262 cases(21.76%) were registered residents of Bengbu district,and the other 205 cases(79.24%)were residents of other places.Conclusions：The infection rate of AIDS in Bengbu district is comparatively low,but tends to increase year by year.
Objective：To analyze the detection results of acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS),and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of the disease.Methods：PA was used for the detection of HIV-1 anti-body before 1999,ELISA was adopted since 1999,and West blot was used for the confirmatory test since 2008.Results：A total of 22 547 samples were detected,and 262 cases of anti-HIV positive were identified,with a positive rate of 1.16%.Fifty-seven of the 262 cases(21.76%) were registered residents of Bengbu district,and the other 205 cases(79.24%)were residents of other places.Conclusions：The infection rate of AIDS in Bengbu district is comparatively low,but tends to increase year by year.
2012, 36(4): 458-460.
Abstract:
Objective：To explore and analyze the quality of DR-filmed tooth slice image and its value in clinical application.Methods：The periapical films of 260 teeth in 230 cases was taken by DR equipment and compared with the traditional films.Results：Compared with traditional teeth radiography technology,using DR to film the teeth outside the mouth,the exposure time was shorten,the quantity of projection was reduced,and the image definition was improved obviously.Conclusions： The DR tooth slice X-ray photography technology is superior to the traditional periapical radiography,and it has a bright prospect in clinical science of stomatology.
Objective：To explore and analyze the quality of DR-filmed tooth slice image and its value in clinical application.Methods：The periapical films of 260 teeth in 230 cases was taken by DR equipment and compared with the traditional films.Results：Compared with traditional teeth radiography technology,using DR to film the teeth outside the mouth,the exposure time was shorten,the quantity of projection was reduced,and the image definition was improved obviously.Conclusions： The DR tooth slice X-ray photography technology is superior to the traditional periapical radiography,and it has a bright prospect in clinical science of stomatology.
2012, 36(4): 462-465.
Abstract:
Objective：To construct physical education(PE) curriculum system.Methods：The literature review,questionnaires and expert interview were employed to research into the teaching mode of PE in our college.Results：The ＂basic courses ＋option＂ mode was abandoned,and the mode of ＂students selecting courses autonomously on the internet＂ was adopted.Conclusions：An integrated PE curriculum system has been constructed,in which PE course is the core,extracurricular sports activities and sports training are the extension,and students physical fitness test and sports competition act as promotion measures.It proves that the new curriculum mode basically meets the PE requirements of our college.
Objective：To construct physical education(PE) curriculum system.Methods：The literature review,questionnaires and expert interview were employed to research into the teaching mode of PE in our college.Results：The ＂basic courses ＋option＂ mode was abandoned,and the mode of ＂students selecting courses autonomously on the internet＂ was adopted.Conclusions：An integrated PE curriculum system has been constructed,in which PE course is the core,extracurricular sports activities and sports training are the extension,and students physical fitness test and sports competition act as promotion measures.It proves that the new curriculum mode basically meets the PE requirements of our college.
2012, 36(4): 466-468.
Abstract:
Objective：To investigate the current situation of ＂Outline of Modern Chinese History＂ teaching in the medical college and explore ways to enhance the teaching effect.Methods：Six hundred freshmen and sophomores in a certain medical college were surveyed with a self-compiled questionnaire concerning their interest and difficulty in learning this course,and their suggestions to the teaching methods.Results：According to the survey,211 of the students had a moderate interest in learning this course and 17 had no interest;49 of the students thought it very difficult to learn and 101 thought it relatively difficult;223 of the students liked the teaching method of ＂theory combined with practice＂ most,23.1% prefered＂classroom discussion＂,223 supported＂innovative teaching methods＂ and 201 thought that social practice should be strengthened.As to practical teaching,184 of the students prefered a ＂field visit＂,followed by ＂social practice＂ which was favored by 157 of them.Conclusions：Teachers should optimize and upgrade the teaching methods according to the actual situation of medical students,at the same time cultivate their interests in learning,develop their research awareness,intensify the student-teacher interaction and carry out practice teaching to enhance the effectiveness of class.
Objective：To investigate the current situation of ＂Outline of Modern Chinese History＂ teaching in the medical college and explore ways to enhance the teaching effect.Methods：Six hundred freshmen and sophomores in a certain medical college were surveyed with a self-compiled questionnaire concerning their interest and difficulty in learning this course,and their suggestions to the teaching methods.Results：According to the survey,211 of the students had a moderate interest in learning this course and 17 had no interest;49 of the students thought it very difficult to learn and 101 thought it relatively difficult;223 of the students liked the teaching method of ＂theory combined with practice＂ most,23.1% prefered＂classroom discussion＂,223 supported＂innovative teaching methods＂ and 201 thought that social practice should be strengthened.As to practical teaching,184 of the students prefered a ＂field visit＂,followed by ＂social practice＂ which was favored by 157 of them.Conclusions：Teachers should optimize and upgrade the teaching methods according to the actual situation of medical students,at the same time cultivate their interests in learning,develop their research awareness,intensify the student-teacher interaction and carry out practice teaching to enhance the effectiveness of class.
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