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2010 Vol. 35, No. 4
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2010, 35(4): 325-329.
Abstract:
Objective: To observe the morphological features of the cerebral precentral sulcus on the axial and sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods: The continuous axial and sagittal MRI of 30 healthy adults heads were obtained to identify,localize and classify the cerebral precentral sulcus by using the e-film workstation and Adobe Photoshop CS 8.0 software.Results: There were three typical patterns of the precentral sulcus:the unitary-pattern,dicho-pattern and tri-pattern,and the detection rates were 16.67%,63.33%,and 20.00%,respectively.The unitary-pattern appeared an irregular and curve shape on the axial imaging,and demonstrated a slightly "S" linear shape from the posterosuperior to the anterioroinferior on the sagittal imaging.The dicho-pattern appeared two different and short sulcus on the axial imaging,and demonstrated two "S" linear shape from the posterosuperior to the anterioroinferior on the sagittal imaging.The tri-pattern appeared three short sulci on the cross section,and the inferior precentral sulci appeared a slightly oblique longitudinal "Ω" shape from the posterosuperior to the anterioroinferior on the sagittal imaging.The formation of the dicho-pattern and tri-pattern was the conjunction between the posterior part of the middle frontal gyrus and the anterior part precentral gyrus,as well as a minor gyrus from the middle frontal gyrus,respectively.Conclusions: The morphological features of the cerebral precentral sulcus on the axial and sagittal MRI of brain can provide anatomic evidence for the diagnosis and selection of surgical approaches to the diseases at the posterior part of the frontal lobe.
Objective: To observe the morphological features of the cerebral precentral sulcus on the axial and sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods: The continuous axial and sagittal MRI of 30 healthy adults heads were obtained to identify,localize and classify the cerebral precentral sulcus by using the e-film workstation and Adobe Photoshop CS 8.0 software.Results: There were three typical patterns of the precentral sulcus:the unitary-pattern,dicho-pattern and tri-pattern,and the detection rates were 16.67%,63.33%,and 20.00%,respectively.The unitary-pattern appeared an irregular and curve shape on the axial imaging,and demonstrated a slightly "S" linear shape from the posterosuperior to the anterioroinferior on the sagittal imaging.The dicho-pattern appeared two different and short sulcus on the axial imaging,and demonstrated two "S" linear shape from the posterosuperior to the anterioroinferior on the sagittal imaging.The tri-pattern appeared three short sulci on the cross section,and the inferior precentral sulci appeared a slightly oblique longitudinal "Ω" shape from the posterosuperior to the anterioroinferior on the sagittal imaging.The formation of the dicho-pattern and tri-pattern was the conjunction between the posterior part of the middle frontal gyrus and the anterior part precentral gyrus,as well as a minor gyrus from the middle frontal gyrus,respectively.Conclusions: The morphological features of the cerebral precentral sulcus on the axial and sagittal MRI of brain can provide anatomic evidence for the diagnosis and selection of surgical approaches to the diseases at the posterior part of the frontal lobe.
2010, 35(4): 330-333.
Abstract:
Objective: To explore the protective effect and mechanism of magnesium sulfate on global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury on mice.Methods: One hundred KM mice were randomly divided into sham operation group,ischemia/reperfusion group and magnesium sulfate groups (low dosage group,medium dosage group and high dosage group).Global cerebral ischemia was made by blocking bilateral common carotid artery and pressing soft tissues in carotid for 30 min.After one-hour reperfusion,the mice were killed.The content of nitric oxide (NO),activities of nitric oxide synthase (NOS),Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase and Na+-K+-ATPase were measured and the pathologic changes of the brain tissues were observed.Results: Compared to ischemia/reperfusion group,NO content and NOS activity of brain tissue decreased the different dosages of magnesium sulfate,and enhance the activities of Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase and Na+-K+-ATPase (P<0.05-P<0.01).Conclusions: The pretreatment of magnesium sulfate could obviously relieve cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by decreasing the content of NO and activity of NOS and increasing the activities of Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase and Na+-K+-ATPase.
Objective: To explore the protective effect and mechanism of magnesium sulfate on global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury on mice.Methods: One hundred KM mice were randomly divided into sham operation group,ischemia/reperfusion group and magnesium sulfate groups (low dosage group,medium dosage group and high dosage group).Global cerebral ischemia was made by blocking bilateral common carotid artery and pressing soft tissues in carotid for 30 min.After one-hour reperfusion,the mice were killed.The content of nitric oxide (NO),activities of nitric oxide synthase (NOS),Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase and Na+-K+-ATPase were measured and the pathologic changes of the brain tissues were observed.Results: Compared to ischemia/reperfusion group,NO content and NOS activity of brain tissue decreased the different dosages of magnesium sulfate,and enhance the activities of Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase and Na+-K+-ATPase (P<0.05-P<0.01).Conclusions: The pretreatment of magnesium sulfate could obviously relieve cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by decreasing the content of NO and activity of NOS and increasing the activities of Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase and Na+-K+-ATPase.
2010, 35(4): 334-336.
Abstract:
Objective: To explore an effective method for extraction and PCR amplification of mitochondrial DNA from paraffin-embedded lymphoma tissue.Methods: Twenty seven paraffin-embedded lymphoma tissue specimens were selected.The two methods:Xylene/ethanol method and 0.5% Tween-20 method were used for deparaffinisation.The component and concentration of lysis buffer were modified,and mitochondrial DNA was extracted by phend and chloroform.The obtained mitochondrial DNA was analyzed by PCR amplification.Results: The DNA purity and concentration which extracted by 0.5% Tween-20 deparaffinisation method was obviously higher than that by Xylene/ethanol deparaffinisation method.The successrate of PCR amplification was 11.1% by Xylene/ethanol method and 40.7% by 0.5% Tween-20 method,respectively.There was significant statistical difference (P<0.05).Conclusions: Both the Xylene/ethanol deparaffinisation method and 0.5% Tween-20 deparaffinisation method can extract mitochondrial DNA.But the 0.5% Tween-20 method is simple,the success rate is high,and can reduce the contact chance from poisonous chemical reagents such as dimethylbenzene.So the 0.5% Tween-20 deparaffinisation method is an ideal method for extraction of mitochondrial DNA from paraffin-embedded tissues.
Objective: To explore an effective method for extraction and PCR amplification of mitochondrial DNA from paraffin-embedded lymphoma tissue.Methods: Twenty seven paraffin-embedded lymphoma tissue specimens were selected.The two methods:Xylene/ethanol method and 0.5% Tween-20 method were used for deparaffinisation.The component and concentration of lysis buffer were modified,and mitochondrial DNA was extracted by phend and chloroform.The obtained mitochondrial DNA was analyzed by PCR amplification.Results: The DNA purity and concentration which extracted by 0.5% Tween-20 deparaffinisation method was obviously higher than that by Xylene/ethanol deparaffinisation method.The successrate of PCR amplification was 11.1% by Xylene/ethanol method and 40.7% by 0.5% Tween-20 method,respectively.There was significant statistical difference (P<0.05).Conclusions: Both the Xylene/ethanol deparaffinisation method and 0.5% Tween-20 deparaffinisation method can extract mitochondrial DNA.But the 0.5% Tween-20 method is simple,the success rate is high,and can reduce the contact chance from poisonous chemical reagents such as dimethylbenzene.So the 0.5% Tween-20 deparaffinisation method is an ideal method for extraction of mitochondrial DNA from paraffin-embedded tissues.
2010, 35(4): 337-339,342.
Abstract:
Objective: To observe the function of the 4-1BB/4-1BBL signal in production of TGF-β in vitro,as well as the influence of HL-60 cells' culture supernatant on T lymphocyte activation,proliferation and inducing apoptosis after blocking 4-1BB/4-1BBL signal.To explore the mechanism by which tumors escape from immunosurveillance.Methods: The expression of 4-1BB ligand and the production of TGF-β in HL-60 tumor cells were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM);using different concentrations of HL-60 tumor cells culture supernatant which been blocked 4-1BB/4-1BBL signal on lymphocyte,the cell proliferation rate was determined by methyl thiazoly tetrazolium (MTT),the cell apoptosis and CD69 were analyzed by FCM.Results: The level of 4-1BBL expressed on HL-60 was 92.6%.Compared with non-blocking 4-1BB/4-1BBL signal,the production of TGF-β in tumor cells was decreased (P<0.05),the effect of culture supernatant of HL-60 cells inhibited lymphocyte proliferation and induced it apoptosis was decreased (P<0.05 and P<0.01),but there was no significant influence on activation of lymphocytes (P>0.05).Conclusions: 4-1BBL has a reversely regulatory function to induce TGF-β production of HL-60 cells and enhance HL-60 tumor cells to inhibit lymphocyte activity,by which tumor cells can escape from the immune surveillance of tumor-bearing host.
Objective: To observe the function of the 4-1BB/4-1BBL signal in production of TGF-β in vitro,as well as the influence of HL-60 cells' culture supernatant on T lymphocyte activation,proliferation and inducing apoptosis after blocking 4-1BB/4-1BBL signal.To explore the mechanism by which tumors escape from immunosurveillance.Methods: The expression of 4-1BB ligand and the production of TGF-β in HL-60 tumor cells were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM);using different concentrations of HL-60 tumor cells culture supernatant which been blocked 4-1BB/4-1BBL signal on lymphocyte,the cell proliferation rate was determined by methyl thiazoly tetrazolium (MTT),the cell apoptosis and CD69 were analyzed by FCM.Results: The level of 4-1BBL expressed on HL-60 was 92.6%.Compared with non-blocking 4-1BB/4-1BBL signal,the production of TGF-β in tumor cells was decreased (P<0.05),the effect of culture supernatant of HL-60 cells inhibited lymphocyte proliferation and induced it apoptosis was decreased (P<0.05 and P<0.01),but there was no significant influence on activation of lymphocytes (P>0.05).Conclusions: 4-1BBL has a reversely regulatory function to induce TGF-β production of HL-60 cells and enhance HL-60 tumor cells to inhibit lymphocyte activity,by which tumor cells can escape from the immune surveillance of tumor-bearing host.
2010, 35(4): 340-342.
Abstract:
Objective: To study the dynamic change of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression of lung tissue in the development of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) in rats.Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and model group.The rats in control group were fed with regular food,and the model group were copied HPS by multiple factors causing the disease.The rats were executed at the end of the fourth week,sixth week and eighth week,at least six rats at each time point in each group,the liver and lung tissue samples were collected for study.Results: The expressions of induced NOS and endothelial NOS of lung tissue were increased at the end of fourth week in the development of HPS (P<0.05),and increased gradually at the end of sixth weel and eighth week (P<0.05-P<0.01).Conclusions: NOS expression increases early in the development of HPS.
Objective: To study the dynamic change of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression of lung tissue in the development of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) in rats.Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and model group.The rats in control group were fed with regular food,and the model group were copied HPS by multiple factors causing the disease.The rats were executed at the end of the fourth week,sixth week and eighth week,at least six rats at each time point in each group,the liver and lung tissue samples were collected for study.Results: The expressions of induced NOS and endothelial NOS of lung tissue were increased at the end of fourth week in the development of HPS (P<0.05),and increased gradually at the end of sixth weel and eighth week (P<0.05-P<0.01).Conclusions: NOS expression increases early in the development of HPS.
2010, 35(4): 343-346.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) in eutopic endometrium and ovarian ectopic endometrium and its surrounding ovarian tissue patients with ovarian endometriosis (OEM),and to explore their roles in the mechanism of development of OEM.Methods: Using immunohistochemical S-P technique,the expressions of VEGF and KDR were examined and analyzed in the tissue of ovarian ectopic endometrium (44 specimens),ovarian tissue surrounding ectopic endometrium (44 specimens) and eutopic endometrium (20 specimens) from 51 women patients with OEM (stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ) compared with their expressions in the control proliferative eutopic endometrium without endometriosis (18 specimens).Results: VEGF and KDR expressions were mainly located in the cytoplasm of gland epidermis in eutopic and ectopic endometrium.The positive rates of VEGF and KDR proteins in ovarian ectopic endometrium were 63.6% and 54.6%,respectively,while the positive rates in ovarian tissue surrounding ectopic endometrium were only 6.8%,15.9%,respectively.The positive rates of VEGF and KDR proteins in ovarian ectopic endometrium were both significantly higher than those in ovarian tissue surrounding ectopic endometrium (P=0.000 1 and P=0.008 4).And their synchronization expressions in ectopic endometrium were a positive correlation (P=0.000).The positive rates of VEGF and KDR proteins in eutopic endometrium with endometriosis were 80.0% and 75.0%,respectively,while the positive rates in eutopic endometrium without endometriosis were only 16.7% and 27.8%,respectively.The difference of VEGF and KDR in eutopic endometrium with endometriosis compared with that without endometriosis was significant (P<0.01).The expressions of them in ectopic and eutopic endometrium with endometriosis was similar and not statistical significant (P>0.05).Conclusions: The expressions of VEGF and KDR in ectopic endometrium tissue were both significantly higher than those in ovarian surrounding tissue.Therefore their synchronization expressions might be relative to angiogenesis in ovarianendometriosis.The expressions of VEGF and KDR in eutopic endometrium with endometriosis were significantly higher than those without endometriosis,and the expressions of them in ectopic and eutopic endometrium with endometriosis were similar,which supported the theory "determinant of uterine eutopic endometrium".
Objective: To investigate the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) in eutopic endometrium and ovarian ectopic endometrium and its surrounding ovarian tissue patients with ovarian endometriosis (OEM),and to explore their roles in the mechanism of development of OEM.Methods: Using immunohistochemical S-P technique,the expressions of VEGF and KDR were examined and analyzed in the tissue of ovarian ectopic endometrium (44 specimens),ovarian tissue surrounding ectopic endometrium (44 specimens) and eutopic endometrium (20 specimens) from 51 women patients with OEM (stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ) compared with their expressions in the control proliferative eutopic endometrium without endometriosis (18 specimens).Results: VEGF and KDR expressions were mainly located in the cytoplasm of gland epidermis in eutopic and ectopic endometrium.The positive rates of VEGF and KDR proteins in ovarian ectopic endometrium were 63.6% and 54.6%,respectively,while the positive rates in ovarian tissue surrounding ectopic endometrium were only 6.8%,15.9%,respectively.The positive rates of VEGF and KDR proteins in ovarian ectopic endometrium were both significantly higher than those in ovarian tissue surrounding ectopic endometrium (P=0.000 1 and P=0.008 4).And their synchronization expressions in ectopic endometrium were a positive correlation (P=0.000).The positive rates of VEGF and KDR proteins in eutopic endometrium with endometriosis were 80.0% and 75.0%,respectively,while the positive rates in eutopic endometrium without endometriosis were only 16.7% and 27.8%,respectively.The difference of VEGF and KDR in eutopic endometrium with endometriosis compared with that without endometriosis was significant (P<0.01).The expressions of them in ectopic and eutopic endometrium with endometriosis was similar and not statistical significant (P>0.05).Conclusions: The expressions of VEGF and KDR in ectopic endometrium tissue were both significantly higher than those in ovarian surrounding tissue.Therefore their synchronization expressions might be relative to angiogenesis in ovarianendometriosis.The expressions of VEGF and KDR in eutopic endometrium with endometriosis were significantly higher than those without endometriosis,and the expressions of them in ectopic and eutopic endometrium with endometriosis were similar,which supported the theory "determinant of uterine eutopic endometrium".
2010, 35(4): 347-348.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the clinical features and treatment of cerebral cysticercosis in the northern area of Anhui province.Methods: The clinical data of 216 cases of cerebral cysticercosis in the northern area of Anhui province were analyzed.Results: The clinical manifestation of cerebral cystercosis was varied.Epilepsy twitch and headache were the main symptoms.The young male were more easily affected.The positive rate of ELISA cerebrospinal fluid was 91.67% and the negative rate of brain CT and MRI was 88.89%.Praziquantel and albendazole were the most frequently used medicines with a response rate of 93.98%.Conclusions: Rational therapy should be applied to the patients with cerebral cystercosis according to their clinical symptoms and related examinations.
Objective: To investigate the clinical features and treatment of cerebral cysticercosis in the northern area of Anhui province.Methods: The clinical data of 216 cases of cerebral cysticercosis in the northern area of Anhui province were analyzed.Results: The clinical manifestation of cerebral cystercosis was varied.Epilepsy twitch and headache were the main symptoms.The young male were more easily affected.The positive rate of ELISA cerebrospinal fluid was 91.67% and the negative rate of brain CT and MRI was 88.89%.Praziquantel and albendazole were the most frequently used medicines with a response rate of 93.98%.Conclusions: Rational therapy should be applied to the patients with cerebral cystercosis according to their clinical symptoms and related examinations.
2010, 35(4): 349-352.
Abstract:
Objective: To study the relationship between the expression downregulation or absence of metastasis suppressor gene Kiss-1 and clinicopathological parameters of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC).Methods: The expression of Kiss-1 was detected in the tumor and adjacent tissue in 68 paraffin sections of NSCLC by immunohistochemistry (EliVision methods),and the results were used to analyze the relationship with clinicopathological parameters.Results: The positive rate of Kiss-1 in tumor (82.4%) was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissue (66.2%) (P<0.05).The difference of positive rate of Kiss-1 was significant between group 1 (with metastasis of lymph node) and group 2 (without metastasis of lymph node).There was significant difference between the well differentiated,moderately differentiated group (82.5%) and the poorly differentiated,undifferentiated group (42.9%).Kiss-1 expression in the (Ⅰ+Ⅱ) stage (81.8%) was distinctly higher than that in the Ⅲ stage (37.5%) (P<0.01).Conclusions: In the patients of NSCLC,the expression of Kiss-1 is lower in the group with metastasis of lymph node,poor differentiation and advanced stage,which may provide a theoretical basis of gene therapy for NSCLC.
Objective: To study the relationship between the expression downregulation or absence of metastasis suppressor gene Kiss-1 and clinicopathological parameters of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC).Methods: The expression of Kiss-1 was detected in the tumor and adjacent tissue in 68 paraffin sections of NSCLC by immunohistochemistry (EliVision methods),and the results were used to analyze the relationship with clinicopathological parameters.Results: The positive rate of Kiss-1 in tumor (82.4%) was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissue (66.2%) (P<0.05).The difference of positive rate of Kiss-1 was significant between group 1 (with metastasis of lymph node) and group 2 (without metastasis of lymph node).There was significant difference between the well differentiated,moderately differentiated group (82.5%) and the poorly differentiated,undifferentiated group (42.9%).Kiss-1 expression in the (Ⅰ+Ⅱ) stage (81.8%) was distinctly higher than that in the Ⅲ stage (37.5%) (P<0.01).Conclusions: In the patients of NSCLC,the expression of Kiss-1 is lower in the group with metastasis of lymph node,poor differentiation and advanced stage,which may provide a theoretical basis of gene therapy for NSCLC.
2010, 35(4): 352-354.
Abstract:
Objective: To improve the diagnosis and treatment of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) by analyzing the clinical features of the disease.Methods: The clinical data and related laboratory tests of 75 pSS patients were reviewed.Results: The primarily incipient symptoms of pSS were arthralgia 54 cases,dry mouth 51 cases,dry eyes 44 cases,decayed tooth 20 cases,febrile 19 cases,dysphagic 15 cases and parotid enlargement 13 cases.Laboratory testes showed that 27 cases of the patients developed anemia,26 cases leucopenia and 11 cases thrombocytopenia.Patients with positive anti-SSA or anti-SSB antibodies had a higher incidence of dry mouth and neutropenia than those with negative auto-antibodies (P<0.05).Conclusions: The onset symptoms of pSS are diverse.It is easy to make misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis.Comprehensive clinical symptoms and laboratory tests should be included in making correct diagnosis of pSS.
Objective: To improve the diagnosis and treatment of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) by analyzing the clinical features of the disease.Methods: The clinical data and related laboratory tests of 75 pSS patients were reviewed.Results: The primarily incipient symptoms of pSS were arthralgia 54 cases,dry mouth 51 cases,dry eyes 44 cases,decayed tooth 20 cases,febrile 19 cases,dysphagic 15 cases and parotid enlargement 13 cases.Laboratory testes showed that 27 cases of the patients developed anemia,26 cases leucopenia and 11 cases thrombocytopenia.Patients with positive anti-SSA or anti-SSB antibodies had a higher incidence of dry mouth and neutropenia than those with negative auto-antibodies (P<0.05).Conclusions: The onset symptoms of pSS are diverse.It is easy to make misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis.Comprehensive clinical symptoms and laboratory tests should be included in making correct diagnosis of pSS.
2010, 35(4): 355-357,360.
Abstract:
Objective: To study the value of the expression of Lunx mRNA in the peripheral blood in detecting the micrometastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)and assessing the prognosis and efficacy of chemotherapy.Methods: Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the expression of Lunx mRNA in the peripheral blood samples from 66 patients with NSCLC and 40 patients with benign pulmonary lesions.The NSCLC patients the cases were followed up for 1 to 40 months,and the relationship between the expression of Lunx and the survival rate of the patients were observed.The objective response of 50 NSCLC patients receiving chemotherapy was evaluated every two cycles.Results: The positive expression of Lunx mRNA was 57.6% in the peripheral blood of patients with NSCLC.The median of copy number was 48 copies/ml.Significant difference of the expression level of Lunx was found in different TNM stages of the lung cancer.No patients with benign pulmonary disease showed positive expression of Lunx mRNA.The overall survival rate in patients with positive expression of Lunx mRNA was obviously lower than that with negative expression (P<0.01).But the expression was not related to the efficacy of chemotherapy (P>0.05).Conclusions: The expression of Lunx mRNA in the peripheral blood has great predictive value for the prognosis of patients with NSCLC.
Objective: To study the value of the expression of Lunx mRNA in the peripheral blood in detecting the micrometastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)and assessing the prognosis and efficacy of chemotherapy.Methods: Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the expression of Lunx mRNA in the peripheral blood samples from 66 patients with NSCLC and 40 patients with benign pulmonary lesions.The NSCLC patients the cases were followed up for 1 to 40 months,and the relationship between the expression of Lunx and the survival rate of the patients were observed.The objective response of 50 NSCLC patients receiving chemotherapy was evaluated every two cycles.Results: The positive expression of Lunx mRNA was 57.6% in the peripheral blood of patients with NSCLC.The median of copy number was 48 copies/ml.Significant difference of the expression level of Lunx was found in different TNM stages of the lung cancer.No patients with benign pulmonary disease showed positive expression of Lunx mRNA.The overall survival rate in patients with positive expression of Lunx mRNA was obviously lower than that with negative expression (P<0.01).But the expression was not related to the efficacy of chemotherapy (P>0.05).Conclusions: The expression of Lunx mRNA in the peripheral blood has great predictive value for the prognosis of patients with NSCLC.
2010, 35(4): 358-360.
Abstract:
Objective: To explore the surgical procedures of removing craniopharyngiomas.Methods: Twenty-one cases of craniopharyngioma were performed lamina terminalis approach (10 cases),subfrontal approach (9 cases) and pterion approach (2 cases).Results: The tumor was totally removed in 15 cases and subtotally removed in 6 cases.Thirteen patients lived a normal life,6 acquired self-care capacity,and 2 had unsatisfactory postoperative results.Sixteen cases had no palindromia during the 6 months to 3 years' follow-up,and 5 cases failed to be followed up.The vision of the 16 patients improved to different degrees after the operation.Conclusions: Proper operative route,intraoperative protection of the hypothalamus and basilica perforating-branch blood vessels,and prevention of postoperative complications are key factors influencing the prognosis of craniopharyngioma.
Objective: To explore the surgical procedures of removing craniopharyngiomas.Methods: Twenty-one cases of craniopharyngioma were performed lamina terminalis approach (10 cases),subfrontal approach (9 cases) and pterion approach (2 cases).Results: The tumor was totally removed in 15 cases and subtotally removed in 6 cases.Thirteen patients lived a normal life,6 acquired self-care capacity,and 2 had unsatisfactory postoperative results.Sixteen cases had no palindromia during the 6 months to 3 years' follow-up,and 5 cases failed to be followed up.The vision of the 16 patients improved to different degrees after the operation.Conclusions: Proper operative route,intraoperative protection of the hypothalamus and basilica perforating-branch blood vessels,and prevention of postoperative complications are key factors influencing the prognosis of craniopharyngioma.
2010, 35(4): 361-363,366.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the change of serum levels of adiponectin and YKL-40 in patients with different coronary heart diseases (CHD),and its relationship with the severity of coronary artery lesion and the stability of atherosclerotic plaque.Methods: Ninety-four patients undergoing coronary angiography were included in the study.According to the opacification results and clinical history,the patients were divided into normal control group,stable angina pectoris (SAP) group,unstable angina pectoris (UAP) group and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) group;according to the number of coronary artery stenosis,they were divided into normal control group,single vessel disease group,double vessels disease group and three vessels disease group.Serum levels of adiponectin and YKL-40 were determined and compared among different groups.The degree of coronary artery stenosis was assessed by Gensini score,and the correlation between serum levels of adiponectin,YKL-40 and Gensini score was analyzed.Results: Serum adiponectin concentration in all the groups with CHD was lower than that of controls (P<0.05 to P<0.01).The serum adiponectin concentration in AMI group and UAP group was lower than that of SAP group (P<0.01).No significant difference was found between UAP group and AMI group (P>0.05).Serum YKL-40 concentration in all the groups with CHD was higher than that of controls (P<0.05 to P<0.01).Serum YKL-40 concentration in AMI group and UAP group was higher than that of SAP group (P<0.01).No significant difference was observed between UAP group and AMI group (P>0.05).The serum adiponectin concentration was decreased among normal control group,single vessel disease group,double vessels disease group and three vessels disease group (P<0.05 to P<0.01).The serum YKL-40 concentration was increased among normal control group,single vessel disease group,double vessels disease group and three vessels disease group (P<0.05 to P<0.01).Serum adiponectin concentration was negatively correlated with Gensini score (P<0.01),and serum YKL-40 concentration was positively correlated with Gensini score (P<0.01).Conclusions: The serum levels of adiponectin and YKL-40 are correlated with the degree of coronary artery lesion and instability of atherosclerotic plaque.Patients with serious coronary artery lesion and instable atherosclerotic plaque have a lower serum level of adiponectin and a higher serum level of YKL-40.
Objective: To investigate the change of serum levels of adiponectin and YKL-40 in patients with different coronary heart diseases (CHD),and its relationship with the severity of coronary artery lesion and the stability of atherosclerotic plaque.Methods: Ninety-four patients undergoing coronary angiography were included in the study.According to the opacification results and clinical history,the patients were divided into normal control group,stable angina pectoris (SAP) group,unstable angina pectoris (UAP) group and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) group;according to the number of coronary artery stenosis,they were divided into normal control group,single vessel disease group,double vessels disease group and three vessels disease group.Serum levels of adiponectin and YKL-40 were determined and compared among different groups.The degree of coronary artery stenosis was assessed by Gensini score,and the correlation between serum levels of adiponectin,YKL-40 and Gensini score was analyzed.Results: Serum adiponectin concentration in all the groups with CHD was lower than that of controls (P<0.05 to P<0.01).The serum adiponectin concentration in AMI group and UAP group was lower than that of SAP group (P<0.01).No significant difference was found between UAP group and AMI group (P>0.05).Serum YKL-40 concentration in all the groups with CHD was higher than that of controls (P<0.05 to P<0.01).Serum YKL-40 concentration in AMI group and UAP group was higher than that of SAP group (P<0.01).No significant difference was observed between UAP group and AMI group (P>0.05).The serum adiponectin concentration was decreased among normal control group,single vessel disease group,double vessels disease group and three vessels disease group (P<0.05 to P<0.01).The serum YKL-40 concentration was increased among normal control group,single vessel disease group,double vessels disease group and three vessels disease group (P<0.05 to P<0.01).Serum adiponectin concentration was negatively correlated with Gensini score (P<0.01),and serum YKL-40 concentration was positively correlated with Gensini score (P<0.01).Conclusions: The serum levels of adiponectin and YKL-40 are correlated with the degree of coronary artery lesion and instability of atherosclerotic plaque.Patients with serious coronary artery lesion and instable atherosclerotic plaque have a lower serum level of adiponectin and a higher serum level of YKL-40.
2010, 35(4): 364-366.
Abstract:
Objective: To analyze the brain angiography results and causes of the cases with oculomotor paralyses.Methods: The brain angiography results of 14 cases with oculomotor paralyses were analyzed.Results: Aneurysms was found in 11 of the 14 cases of angiography,1 of which was anterior communicating aneurysms,10 were posterior communicating aneurysms;the one case had dural arteriovenous fistula.Two case were not found unnomal.One case that had a history of diabetes for 10 years was diagnosed diabetes-associated oculomotor paralyses,and 1 was diagnosed as pituitary adenoma by MRI.Conclusions: The causes of oculomotor paralyses are varied,with aneurysm the most common one.Patients with coulometer paralyses accompanied by subarachnoid hemorrhage should resort to routine examination.Subarachnoid hemorrhage,diabetes,arteriovenous fistula and hypophysoma are the other causes leading to oculomotor paralyses.
Objective: To analyze the brain angiography results and causes of the cases with oculomotor paralyses.Methods: The brain angiography results of 14 cases with oculomotor paralyses were analyzed.Results: Aneurysms was found in 11 of the 14 cases of angiography,1 of which was anterior communicating aneurysms,10 were posterior communicating aneurysms;the one case had dural arteriovenous fistula.Two case were not found unnomal.One case that had a history of diabetes for 10 years was diagnosed diabetes-associated oculomotor paralyses,and 1 was diagnosed as pituitary adenoma by MRI.Conclusions: The causes of oculomotor paralyses are varied,with aneurysm the most common one.Patients with coulometer paralyses accompanied by subarachnoid hemorrhage should resort to routine examination.Subarachnoid hemorrhage,diabetes,arteriovenous fistula and hypophysoma are the other causes leading to oculomotor paralyses.
2010, 35(4): 367-369.
Abstract:
Objective: To evaluate the effect of continued lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage on cerebrospinal fluid leakage after spine operation.Methods: Twenty-four cases of cerebrospinal fluid leakage after spine operation were divided into two groups.Group A (13 cases) were applied wound dressing which was changed 1-3 times every day and performed compression;group B (11 cases) were managed by continued lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage.Results: The duration of cerebrospinal fluid leakage and wound drainage in group A were significant longer than that in group B (P<0.05).In group A,2 cases whose cerebrospinal fluid leakage failed to decrease after one week resorted to the therapy of lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage,and the cerebrospinal fluid leakage ceased the next day;and 2 other cases in this group were complicated with spinal meningitis.There was no additional treatment or spinal meningitis in group B.Conclusions: Continued lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage is an effective therapy for postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage after spine operation.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of continued lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage on cerebrospinal fluid leakage after spine operation.Methods: Twenty-four cases of cerebrospinal fluid leakage after spine operation were divided into two groups.Group A (13 cases) were applied wound dressing which was changed 1-3 times every day and performed compression;group B (11 cases) were managed by continued lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage.Results: The duration of cerebrospinal fluid leakage and wound drainage in group A were significant longer than that in group B (P<0.05).In group A,2 cases whose cerebrospinal fluid leakage failed to decrease after one week resorted to the therapy of lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage,and the cerebrospinal fluid leakage ceased the next day;and 2 other cases in this group were complicated with spinal meningitis.There was no additional treatment or spinal meningitis in group B.Conclusions: Continued lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage is an effective therapy for postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage after spine operation.
2010, 35(4): 369-371.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic tracheal and bronchial rupture.Methods: The clinical data of 11 patients suffering from traumatic rupture of tracheal and bronchial were retrospectively analyzed.Among the 8 cases of bronchial rupture,6 were diagnosed by fibrobronchoscopy.Seven cases received end-to-end anastomosis and 1 was performed lobectomy.Of the 3 cases of tracheal rupture,2 cases whose crack's length was less than a third of the circumference of trachea were diagnosed by fibrobronchoscopy and received conservative treatment,and the rest one was performed end-to-end anastomosis.Results: All the 11 cases were cured.Conclusions: The bronchoscopy is the most important procedure for final diagnosis;and bronchoplasty is the capital modus operandi.Conservative treatment can be applied to the patients whose crack's length is less than a third of the circumference of trachea.
Objective: To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic tracheal and bronchial rupture.Methods: The clinical data of 11 patients suffering from traumatic rupture of tracheal and bronchial were retrospectively analyzed.Among the 8 cases of bronchial rupture,6 were diagnosed by fibrobronchoscopy.Seven cases received end-to-end anastomosis and 1 was performed lobectomy.Of the 3 cases of tracheal rupture,2 cases whose crack's length was less than a third of the circumference of trachea were diagnosed by fibrobronchoscopy and received conservative treatment,and the rest one was performed end-to-end anastomosis.Results: All the 11 cases were cured.Conclusions: The bronchoscopy is the most important procedure for final diagnosis;and bronchoplasty is the capital modus operandi.Conservative treatment can be applied to the patients whose crack's length is less than a third of the circumference of trachea.
2010, 35(4): 372-373,376.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the expression and significance of p21 protein in the tissue of esophageal cancer and benign esophageal hyperplasia.Methods: Seventy-five cases of esophageal cancer specimen,15 benign esophageal hyperptasia specimen and 10 normal specimen were performed HE staining before immunohistochemistry analysis,and the expression of p21 protein was examined by immunohistochemical (S-P method).Results: The expression of p21 protein was negative in normal tissue,33.33% in benign esophageal hyperplasin tissue and 78.87% in esophageal cancer.The difference had statistical significance (P<0.01).The positive expression of p21 protein was 68.89% in high differential group,90.00% in medium differential group and 100.00% in low differential group.The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusions: The expression of p21 protein may demonstrate the differential degree of esophageal cancer,guide the clinical therapy and help to judge the prognosis.P21 protein is regarded as a reliable label in early diagnosis of esophageal cancer.
Objective: To investigate the expression and significance of p21 protein in the tissue of esophageal cancer and benign esophageal hyperplasia.Methods: Seventy-five cases of esophageal cancer specimen,15 benign esophageal hyperptasia specimen and 10 normal specimen were performed HE staining before immunohistochemistry analysis,and the expression of p21 protein was examined by immunohistochemical (S-P method).Results: The expression of p21 protein was negative in normal tissue,33.33% in benign esophageal hyperplasin tissue and 78.87% in esophageal cancer.The difference had statistical significance (P<0.01).The positive expression of p21 protein was 68.89% in high differential group,90.00% in medium differential group and 100.00% in low differential group.The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusions: The expression of p21 protein may demonstrate the differential degree of esophageal cancer,guide the clinical therapy and help to judge the prognosis.P21 protein is regarded as a reliable label in early diagnosis of esophageal cancer.
2010, 35(4): 374-376.
Abstract:
Objective: To study the association between plasma adiponectin (APN) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)in acute coronary syndrome patients (ACS) complicated with metabolism syndrome (MS).Methods: The plasma APN and BNP in 36 cases of ACS complicated with MS,36 cases of simplex ACS and 36 healthy controls were determined by using ELISA method and rapid fluorescence-based immunoassay,respectively.Results: The plasma APN level increased significantly in both ACS with MS group and simplex ACS group compared with that of the control (P<0.01).The BNP level had a positive correlation with APN level in ACS group and ACS complicated with MS group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Plasma APN and BPN are increased in simplex ACS patients and patients with ACS complicated with MS.The change is more obvious in patients with ACS complicated with MS.Plasma APN is positively associated with BNP.BNP and APN may be related to the occurrence and development of acute coronary syndrome.High APN and BNP levels are dangerous for patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Objective: To study the association between plasma adiponectin (APN) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)in acute coronary syndrome patients (ACS) complicated with metabolism syndrome (MS).Methods: The plasma APN and BNP in 36 cases of ACS complicated with MS,36 cases of simplex ACS and 36 healthy controls were determined by using ELISA method and rapid fluorescence-based immunoassay,respectively.Results: The plasma APN level increased significantly in both ACS with MS group and simplex ACS group compared with that of the control (P<0.01).The BNP level had a positive correlation with APN level in ACS group and ACS complicated with MS group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Plasma APN and BPN are increased in simplex ACS patients and patients with ACS complicated with MS.The change is more obvious in patients with ACS complicated with MS.Plasma APN is positively associated with BNP.BNP and APN may be related to the occurrence and development of acute coronary syndrome.High APN and BNP levels are dangerous for patients with acute coronary syndrome.
2010, 35(4): 377-378.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of anorectal injuries.Methods: The clinical data of 37 patients with anorectal injuries from Jan.1999 to Jan.2000 were analyzed.Results: Of the 37 patients,29 had rectal injuries,8 cases anal injuries and 26 cases presented combined injuries.All the cases received surgical therapy.Simple anorectal repair plus drainage was performed in 17 cases,anorectal repair plus sigmoid colostomy in 14 cases and colostomy for fecal diversion and drainage in 6 cases.Thirty-six of the 37 cases were cured and 1 died.Complications occurred in 7 cases.Conclusions: Early diagnosis,proper application of repair,fecal diversion and drainage,positive management of infection and associated injuries are essential to improve the cure rate and reduce the mortality of anorectal injuries.
Objective: To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of anorectal injuries.Methods: The clinical data of 37 patients with anorectal injuries from Jan.1999 to Jan.2000 were analyzed.Results: Of the 37 patients,29 had rectal injuries,8 cases anal injuries and 26 cases presented combined injuries.All the cases received surgical therapy.Simple anorectal repair plus drainage was performed in 17 cases,anorectal repair plus sigmoid colostomy in 14 cases and colostomy for fecal diversion and drainage in 6 cases.Thirty-six of the 37 cases were cured and 1 died.Complications occurred in 7 cases.Conclusions: Early diagnosis,proper application of repair,fecal diversion and drainage,positive management of infection and associated injuries are essential to improve the cure rate and reduce the mortality of anorectal injuries.
2010, 35(4): 379-381.
Abstract:
Objective: To assess the efficacy of tension free vaginal tape (TVT) procedure in treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI).Methods: The clinical data of 14 patients with proven SUI having undergone TVT procedure from Dec.2007 to Mar.2009 were analyzed retrospectively.Results: The operation was successful in all the 14 cases.Urine retention was observed in only one case.No complication occurred.Conclusions: TVT procedure is an effective and safe minimal invasive surgery for treatment of female SUI.
Objective: To assess the efficacy of tension free vaginal tape (TVT) procedure in treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI).Methods: The clinical data of 14 patients with proven SUI having undergone TVT procedure from Dec.2007 to Mar.2009 were analyzed retrospectively.Results: The operation was successful in all the 14 cases.Urine retention was observed in only one case.No complication occurred.Conclusions: TVT procedure is an effective and safe minimal invasive surgery for treatment of female SUI.
2010, 35(4): 381-382.
Abstract:
Objective: To compare the effects of minimal invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mPCNL) and trans-urethral ureteroscope lithotripsy (URL)in management of upper ureteral calculi.Methods: Forty-four patients with upper ureteral stone were enrolled in the study.Twenty-three cases were treated by URL and 21cases by mPCNL.Results: In the URL group,the stone-free rates were 34.8% and 82.6% one week and six weeks after the operation respectively;in the mPCNL group,the stone free rates were 85.7% and 95.2% one week and six weeks after the operation respectively.The mPCNL group was superior to URL group in stone free rate one week after the operation (P<0.01),but the difference was not significant six weeks after the operation (P>0.05).Conclusions: High stone-free rate can be obtained by mPCNL for upper ureteral calculi.mPCNL may be the first choice,and URL is also of great use for treatment of upper ureteral stone.
Objective: To compare the effects of minimal invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mPCNL) and trans-urethral ureteroscope lithotripsy (URL)in management of upper ureteral calculi.Methods: Forty-four patients with upper ureteral stone were enrolled in the study.Twenty-three cases were treated by URL and 21cases by mPCNL.Results: In the URL group,the stone-free rates were 34.8% and 82.6% one week and six weeks after the operation respectively;in the mPCNL group,the stone free rates were 85.7% and 95.2% one week and six weeks after the operation respectively.The mPCNL group was superior to URL group in stone free rate one week after the operation (P<0.01),but the difference was not significant six weeks after the operation (P>0.05).Conclusions: High stone-free rate can be obtained by mPCNL for upper ureteral calculi.mPCNL may be the first choice,and URL is also of great use for treatment of upper ureteral stone.
2010, 35(4): 383-384.
Abstract:
Objective: To summarize the experience in surgical treatment of tuberculous destroyed lung and the prevention of complications.Methods: The clinical data of 34 cases of tuberculous destroyed lung treated by pneumonectomy from 1990 to 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.Results: No death occurred.Postoperative complications were observed in 5 cases,respiratory failure in 2 cases,bronchopleural fistula in 1 case and pyothorax in 2 cases.All the complications were managed accordingly.Conclusions: Pneumonectomy is effective in treatment of tuberculous destroyed lung.Strict mastery of the operative indication,proper circulation monitoring at operation and meticulous operative procedure are essential for prevention of intrathoracic infections.
Objective: To summarize the experience in surgical treatment of tuberculous destroyed lung and the prevention of complications.Methods: The clinical data of 34 cases of tuberculous destroyed lung treated by pneumonectomy from 1990 to 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.Results: No death occurred.Postoperative complications were observed in 5 cases,respiratory failure in 2 cases,bronchopleural fistula in 1 case and pyothorax in 2 cases.All the complications were managed accordingly.Conclusions: Pneumonectomy is effective in treatment of tuberculous destroyed lung.Strict mastery of the operative indication,proper circulation monitoring at operation and meticulous operative procedure are essential for prevention of intrathoracic infections.
2010, 35(4): 385-387.
Abstract:
Objective: To observe the efficacy and safety of artificial liver plasma exchange in treatment of chronic severe hepatitis B.Methods: Forty cases of chronic severe hepatitis B were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.Both groups were given comprehensive medical treatment,and the patients in treatment group were administered liver plasma exchange therapy.The clinical manifestation before and after treatment,the main laboratory indicators and the adverse reactions of the patients receiving liver plasma exchange therapy were compared.The short and long term effects were evaluated according to the survival rate during the 3-12 months' follow-up.Results: The symptoms of the 20 cases receiving liver plasma exchange therapy improved significantly;alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,total bilirubin and creatinine decreased (P<0.01),and prothrombin activity increased (P<0.01);only 3 of the 40 cases presented adverse reactions (7.5%);the survival rate was 70.0%,which was higher than that of 35.0% in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Artificial liver plasma exchange is safe and effective for treatment of chronic severe hepatitis B.
Objective: To observe the efficacy and safety of artificial liver plasma exchange in treatment of chronic severe hepatitis B.Methods: Forty cases of chronic severe hepatitis B were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.Both groups were given comprehensive medical treatment,and the patients in treatment group were administered liver plasma exchange therapy.The clinical manifestation before and after treatment,the main laboratory indicators and the adverse reactions of the patients receiving liver plasma exchange therapy were compared.The short and long term effects were evaluated according to the survival rate during the 3-12 months' follow-up.Results: The symptoms of the 20 cases receiving liver plasma exchange therapy improved significantly;alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,total bilirubin and creatinine decreased (P<0.01),and prothrombin activity increased (P<0.01);only 3 of the 40 cases presented adverse reactions (7.5%);the survival rate was 70.0%,which was higher than that of 35.0% in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Artificial liver plasma exchange is safe and effective for treatment of chronic severe hepatitis B.
2010, 35(4): 404-406.
Abstract:
Objective: To explore the incidence of developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH) in premature infants and the role of ultrasonography in diagnosis of DDH.Methods: One hundred and nine premature infants were received ultrasonography of the hip,and the results were analyzed statistically.Results: Unstable hips were detected in 22 premature infants (20.2%) and DDH in 26 (23.9%).Among the 26 premature infants of DDH,15 had hip dysplasia,2 hip subluxation and 9 hip dislocation.The difference was significant between premature infants and normal term infants (P<0.05).The incidence of DDH was higher in infants with a gestational age of less than 34 weeks than in those with a gestational age of 34 weeks to 37 weeks (P<0.01).Conclusions: As there is a high incidence of DDH in premature infants,especially in infants with a gestational age of less than 34 weeks,it is suggested that each premature infant receives ultrasonography of the hip so that early intervention could be applied.
Objective: To explore the incidence of developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH) in premature infants and the role of ultrasonography in diagnosis of DDH.Methods: One hundred and nine premature infants were received ultrasonography of the hip,and the results were analyzed statistically.Results: Unstable hips were detected in 22 premature infants (20.2%) and DDH in 26 (23.9%).Among the 26 premature infants of DDH,15 had hip dysplasia,2 hip subluxation and 9 hip dislocation.The difference was significant between premature infants and normal term infants (P<0.05).The incidence of DDH was higher in infants with a gestational age of less than 34 weeks than in those with a gestational age of 34 weeks to 37 weeks (P<0.01).Conclusions: As there is a high incidence of DDH in premature infants,especially in infants with a gestational age of less than 34 weeks,it is suggested that each premature infant receives ultrasonography of the hip so that early intervention could be applied.
2010, 35(4): 407-408.
Abstract:
Objective: To assess the clinical value of high-frequency ultrasonography in diagnosis of complications after mammoplasty.Methods: Thirty cases of complications following mammoplasty were examined by ultrasonography.The clinical manifestation and sonogram characteristics of the cases were analyzed.Results: According to the results of high-frequency ultrasonographic examination,the complication was caused by hemorrhage and infection in 4 cases,prosthesis leakage in 18 cases,prosthesis sclerosis in 12 cases,peplos contraction in 9 cases,insertion rupture in 4 cases and pectoralis major injury in 3 cases.All the complications were verified by operation.Conclusions: High-frequency ultrasonographic examination is safe,effective and convenient in diagnosing the complications of mammoplasty.
Objective: To assess the clinical value of high-frequency ultrasonography in diagnosis of complications after mammoplasty.Methods: Thirty cases of complications following mammoplasty were examined by ultrasonography.The clinical manifestation and sonogram characteristics of the cases were analyzed.Results: According to the results of high-frequency ultrasonographic examination,the complication was caused by hemorrhage and infection in 4 cases,prosthesis leakage in 18 cases,prosthesis sclerosis in 12 cases,peplos contraction in 9 cases,insertion rupture in 4 cases and pectoralis major injury in 3 cases.All the complications were verified by operation.Conclusions: High-frequency ultrasonographic examination is safe,effective and convenient in diagnosing the complications of mammoplasty.
2010, 35(4): 409-411.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigated the status of female medical students' tobacco usage,as well as their tobacco usage-related knowledge,attitude and behavior.Methods: With stratified random sampling method,a questionnaire to 398 female medical students from a medical college was carried out,and the findings were cross-sectionally studied.Results: Among the students surveyed,current smoking rate (5.0%) and former smoking rate (6.8%) were both very low.The current smoking rates in students of different majors was not significant different (P>0.05).However,the smoking rate and attempt-smoking rate of urban students were higher than those of rural students (P<0.01).There was a lack of knowledge about the danger of smoking in the female students surveyed.More than 85% of the students knew that smoking was the risk factor for lung cancer and chronic obstructive pneumonia,but only less than 45% of them realized that smoking was the risk factors for spontaneous abortion,heart disease and many other diseases.A majority of girls surveyed showed a negative attitude to female smoking,which had no significant difference among students of different majors (P>0.05).Urban students showed a more positive attitude to smoking than rural students,and the proportion of urban girls with the belief that it was cool and attractive for a woman to smoke was higher than that of rural students (P<0.05).Conclusions: Female medical students are obviously lack of knowledge related to tobacco.Medical schools should take effective tobacco-controlling strategy with the advantage of their own profession to prevent future medical workers smoking and guide patients to quit smoking.
Objective: To investigated the status of female medical students' tobacco usage,as well as their tobacco usage-related knowledge,attitude and behavior.Methods: With stratified random sampling method,a questionnaire to 398 female medical students from a medical college was carried out,and the findings were cross-sectionally studied.Results: Among the students surveyed,current smoking rate (5.0%) and former smoking rate (6.8%) were both very low.The current smoking rates in students of different majors was not significant different (P>0.05).However,the smoking rate and attempt-smoking rate of urban students were higher than those of rural students (P<0.01).There was a lack of knowledge about the danger of smoking in the female students surveyed.More than 85% of the students knew that smoking was the risk factor for lung cancer and chronic obstructive pneumonia,but only less than 45% of them realized that smoking was the risk factors for spontaneous abortion,heart disease and many other diseases.A majority of girls surveyed showed a negative attitude to female smoking,which had no significant difference among students of different majors (P>0.05).Urban students showed a more positive attitude to smoking than rural students,and the proportion of urban girls with the belief that it was cool and attractive for a woman to smoke was higher than that of rural students (P<0.05).Conclusions: Female medical students are obviously lack of knowledge related to tobacco.Medical schools should take effective tobacco-controlling strategy with the advantage of their own profession to prevent future medical workers smoking and guide patients to quit smoking.
2010, 35(4): 415-416.
Abstract:
Objective: To sum up the experience in nursing and cooperation in pneumatic lithotripsy under ureteroscope for treatment of lower ureteral calculi.Methods: The clinical data of 15 cases undergoing ballistic lithoclasty under ureteroscope for lower ureteral calculi were reviewed retrospectively.Results: Among the 15 cases,14 cases were removed of the stone by ballistic lithoclasty under ureteroscope.The success rate was 93.33%.Double J stents were routinely detained in all the cases after the operation.All the cases presented different degrees of hematuria,and 2 cases demonstrated nephric angina which was relieved after conservative therapy.All the patients recovered and were discharged.Conclusions: The ballistic lithoclasty under ureteroscope is effective for treatment of lower ureteral calculi.Operating-room nurses should know the process of ureteroscopic ballistic lithoclasty and property of the apparatus.It is necessary for the operating room nurses to collaborate with the surgeon in the operation.Preoperative preparation and mental nursing are also essential for successful operation.
Objective: To sum up the experience in nursing and cooperation in pneumatic lithotripsy under ureteroscope for treatment of lower ureteral calculi.Methods: The clinical data of 15 cases undergoing ballistic lithoclasty under ureteroscope for lower ureteral calculi were reviewed retrospectively.Results: Among the 15 cases,14 cases were removed of the stone by ballistic lithoclasty under ureteroscope.The success rate was 93.33%.Double J stents were routinely detained in all the cases after the operation.All the cases presented different degrees of hematuria,and 2 cases demonstrated nephric angina which was relieved after conservative therapy.All the patients recovered and were discharged.Conclusions: The ballistic lithoclasty under ureteroscope is effective for treatment of lower ureteral calculi.Operating-room nurses should know the process of ureteroscopic ballistic lithoclasty and property of the apparatus.It is necessary for the operating room nurses to collaborate with the surgeon in the operation.Preoperative preparation and mental nursing are also essential for successful operation.
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